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Research on the application of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent in composite materials

3月 17th, 2025 News

Research on the application of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent in composite materials

1. Introduction: The “anti-aging” miracle of racing against time

Scientists have never stopped exploring on the road of human beings’ pursuit of eternal beauty. From antioxidant essences in the cosmetics field to high-performance materials in the industry, the theme of “anti-aging” has been carried out throughout the development history of many fields. In the world of composite materials, there is a magical existence – polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent. It is like an unknown guardian, making great contributions to the materials delaying aging and maintaining youthful vitality.

(I) What is yellowing resistance?

To understand the importance of yellowing agents, we first need to understand the concept of “yellowing”. Simply put, yellowing refers to the phenomenon that when some materials are exposed to light, heat or chemical environments for a long time, the surface color gradually turns yellow. This phenomenon not only affects the aesthetics, but also may reduce the mechanical properties and service life of the material. Imagine that a racing car you carefully built, the originally snow-white body turned yellow after a few years. This is undoubtedly a double blow to the psychology of designers and users. Therefore, how to effectively suppress yellowing has become a major challenge in the research and development of composite materials.

(II) Why choose polyurethane epoxy resin?

Polyurethane (PU) and epoxy resin (EP) are two polymer materials with excellent performance. They each have unique advantages, but also their own disadvantages. For example, although polyurethane is flexible and has strong wear resistance, it is prone to degradation under ultraviolet rays; while epoxy resin is known for its excellent adhesiveness and chemical resistance, it is highly brittle and is prone to yellowing problems in high temperature environments. When the two materials are combined together and supplemented with yellowing agents, their advantages are amplified and their disadvantages are significantly weakened, thus forming a composite material with more comprehensive performance.

(III) Research objectives of this article

This article aims to deeply explore the current application status and future development direction of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent in composite materials. We will start from the basic principles of yellowing agents, gradually analyze their performance in different application scenarios, and use a large amount of experimental data and domestic and foreign literature to reveal its huge potential in improving the performance of composite materials. At the same time, we will also look forward to the innovative breakthroughs that this technology may bring in the future.

Next, please follow our steps and enter this world full of scientific charm!

2. Basic principles of yellowing resistance agent for polyurethane epoxy resin

(I) Causes of yellowing

Yellowing is a complex physicochemical process, usually caused by the following factors:

  1. Ultraviolet radiation: UV rays can stimulate molecules in materials to enter high-energy states, resulting in the production of free radicals.These free radicals will further trigger chain reactions, eventually causing damage to the material structure and color changes.
  2. Oxidation: The oxygen in the air reacts with the surface of the material to form carbonyl compounds or other colored substances, thus making the material look yellow.
  3. Thermal aging: Under high temperature conditions, chemical bonds inside the material may break or rearrange, causing changes in the molecular structure and thus causing yellowing.
  4. Impact of pollutants: Pollutants in the environment (such as sulfides, nitrogen oxides, etc.) may also accelerate the occurrence of yellowing.

To combat the above problems, scientists have developed a variety of yellow-resistant agents. Among them, polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent stands out because of its high efficiency and compatibility.

(Bi) The mechanism of action of yellowing agent

Yellow-resistant agents mainly work in the following ways:

Mechanism of action Description
Free Radical Capture Yellowing agents can capture free radicals produced by ultraviolet light or thermal effects, thereby preventing the propagation of chain reactions.
Ultraviolet absorption Some yellowing agents contain UV absorbing groups, which can convert UV light into heat energy to release, avoiding damage to the material.
Antioxidant protection They can also inhibit the occurrence of oxidation reactions and reduce the formation of carbonyl compounds and other colored by-products.
Stable molecular structure By forming covalent bonds or hydrogen bonds with material molecules, the stability of the molecular structure is enhanced and the influence of external conditions on them is slowed down.

Specifically, polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agents usually achieve the above functions by introducing specific functional groups. For example, benzotriazole compounds are often used for ultraviolet absorption, while hindered amine compounds are good at capturing free radicals.

(III) Selection criteria for yellowing agents

In practical applications, the following aspects need to be considered comprehensively:

  1. Compatibility: The yellowing agent must be fully compatible with the matrix material to ensure its uniform distribution and performance.
  2. Mobility: Some yellowing agents may migrate from the surface of the material to the external environment.This will not only affect its effectiveness, but may also lead to environmental pollution. Therefore, low-mobility products are more popular.
  3. Cost-effective: Although high-performance yellowing agents tend to be expensive, when evaluating their cost-effectiveness, it also needs to consider how much it improves the overall performance of the material.
  4. Environmentality: With the increasing global attention to environmental protection, green, non-toxic yellowing agents are gradually becoming the mainstream trend.

III. Product parameters of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent

In order to let readers better understand the specific characteristics of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent, the following is a parameter comparison table for several representative products:

Parameter category Product A Product B Product C
Chemical Components Benzotriazoles Trumped amines Mixed
Appearance White Powder Transparent Liquid Light yellow particles
Using temperature range (?) -30 ~ 150 -20 ~ 180 -40 ~ 200
Additional amount (wt%) 0.1 ~ 0.5 0.2 ~ 1.0 0.3 ~ 1.5
Migration Low in Extremely low
Cost (yuan/kg) 50 80 120

From the table above, it can be seen that different yellowing agents have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, Product A is suitable for scenarios where long-term stability is required due to its low mobility; while Product C is costly, its wide temperature range makes it perform better in extreme environments.

IV. Application scenarios of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent

(I) Automobile Industry

Automotive coatings are an important application field of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agentone. Hyundai cars have increasingly demanded coatings, not only having good decorative properties, but also having to withstand the test of various harsh environments. Studies have shown that adding an appropriate amount of yellowing agent to the varnish formula can significantly extend the service life of the coating and maintain its gloss.

Experimental Cases

A research team compared two groups of automotive varnish samples. One group added 0.3% yellowing agent, and the other group did not add any additives. After 6 months of outdoor exposure test, it was found that the yellowing index of the sample with the addition of yellowing agent was only 1.2, while the yellowing index of the non-additive group was as high as 8.7. This shows that yellow-resistant agents do play an important role in practical applications.

(II) Construction Industry

In the field of construction, polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent is mainly used in exterior wall coatings and roof waterproof materials. Especially in areas where direct sunlight is more exposed to ultraviolet rays, these materials are more susceptible to ultraviolet erosion. By adding yellowing agent, it can effectively improve its weather resistance and aesthetics.

References

According to a study by the American Society of Materials Testing (ASTM), an exterior wall coating containing a mixed yellowing agent performed well in three consecutive years of field testing, with a color change rate of nearly 70% lower than that of regular coatings.

(III) Electronics Industry

In the electronics industry, the application of yellowing agents is mainly concentrated in circuit board coatings and display screen protective films. The materials in these parts need to have extremely high transparency and stability, so the selection requirements for the yellowing agent are also very strict.

Data Support

A research team from a South Korean university found that the light transmittance of the display screen protective film treated with a specific proportion of hindered amine yellowing agent can still remain above 95% even if it runs continuously in a high temperature and high humidity environment for 1,000 hours.

5. Domestic and foreign research progress and development trends

(I) Foreign research trends

In recent years, European and American countries have achieved many important results in research on the field of yelitising agent resistance. For example, BASF, Germany has developed a new nano-scale yellowing agent, which has better dispersion and longer-lasting effects. In addition, Japan’s Toyo Ink Co., Ltd. has also launched an environmentally friendly yellowing agent based on biodegradable materials, which has attracted widespread attention.

(II) Current status of domestic research

my country’s research in this field started late, but developed rapidly. Tsinghua University, Fudan University and other universities have successively carried out a number of related projects and made a series of breakthrough progress. Especially in the research and development of functional composite materials, domestic yellowing agents have gradually narrowed the gap with the international advanced level.

(III) Future development direction

  1. Intelligent Design: Future yellowing agents may incorporate more intelligenceEnergy elements, such as self-healing functions or responsive regulatory capabilities.
  2. Multi-function integration: Single-function yellowing agent can no longer meet market demand. Compound products that integrate anti-aging, antibacterial, fireproof and other functions will become the mainstream.
  3. Green and Environmental Protection: As the concept of sustainable development is deeply rooted in people’s hearts, developing non-toxic and recyclable yellowing agents will be an important task for scientific researchers.

6. Conclusion: Light up the “Eternal Legend” of the Future

Polyurethane epoxy yellowing agent is a shining pearl in the field of composite materials, which is changing our lives at an amazing speed. Whether it is cars, buildings or electronics, it is everywhere. Just as a song sings: “Time flies, I hope that beauty will last forever.” Let us look forward to the unremitting efforts of scientists, this “lifeless legend” can shine with even more dazzling light!

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Application of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent on the ground of sports venues

3月 17th, 2025 News

Polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing resistance agent: “Invisible Guardian” on the ground of stadiums

In stadiums, the choice of floor materials is crucial. Whether it is a basketball court, badminton court or table tennis hall, a good piece of ground not only provides athletes with a good sports experience, but also protects their joints and bodies from harm. And under this ground, there is a kind of “behind the scenes” – polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agents, which play a key role in obscurity. Today, we will unveil the mystery of this “Invisible Guardian”.

What is polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing resistance agent?

Polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent is a special chemical additive, mainly used to prevent epoxy resins and polyurethane materials from yellowing due to ultraviolet irradiation or oxidation during long-term use. This yellowing will not only affect the aesthetics of the ground, but may also reduce the physical properties of the material, thereby affecting its service life.

The causes of yellowing phenomenon

Yellowing refers to the phenomenon that some organic materials gradually turn yellow under light, high temperature or chemical reactions. Yellowing is particularly prominent for the ground of stadiums, as these sites often need to withstand high intensity UV radiation (such as outdoor venues) and frequent trampling and friction. Without the protection of yellowing agents, the epoxy and polyurethane coatings may become dull and even crack or peel.

To address this challenge, scientists have developed a variety of types of yellow-resistant agents. These additives effectively delay the occurrence of yellowing by absorbing ultraviolet rays, capturing free radicals or inhibiting oxidation reactions, so that the ground always maintains a bright and bright appearance.

Classification and characteristics of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent

Depending on the chemical structure and mechanism of action, polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agents can be divided into the following categories:

Category Features Application Scenario
Ultraviolet absorber Absorbs ultraviolet rays and converts them into heat energy to release, reducing damage to the material Outdoor stadium ground, such as football stadiums, tennis courts
Free Radical Capture Catch free radicals that cause yellowing and prevent the propagation of chain reactions Indoor high wear-resistant floors, such as basketball halls and badminton halls
Antioxidants Inhibit oxidation reaction and delay material aging process High-intensity usage environment, such as gyms, training bases

Each type has its own unique advantages and scope of application. For example, UV absorbers are particularly suitable for outdoor sites exposed to sunlight, while antioxidants are more suitable for indoor sites where long-term stability is required.

Product parameters of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent

Understanding the specific parameters of the product is the key to choosing a suitable yellowing agent. The following are the main technical indicators of a common yellowing agent:

parameter name Unit test value
Appearance —— Light yellow transparent liquid
Density g/cm³ 1.05±0.02
Viscosity mPa·s 300-400 @ 25°C
Thermal Stability °C >200
Add ratio % 0.5-2.0
Solution —— Easy soluble in alcohols and ketone solvents

It can be seen from the table that this yellowing agent has good thermal stability and solubility, can maintain activity in a wide temperature range, and will not significantly increase the viscosity of the material, making it easy for construction operations.

Status and application cases of domestic and foreign research

In recent years, with the improvement of people’s requirements for comfort and durability in sports venues, the research on yellowing resistance of polyurethane epoxy resin has also made great progress. The following is a summary of some relevant domestic and foreign literature:

Domestic Research

Chinese scholar Zhang Wei and others published an article entitled “The Effect of New UV Absorbents on the Performance of Polyurethane Coatings” in the journal “Polymer Materials Science and Engineering”. Research shows that by introducing an ultraviolet absorber based on the triazine ring structure, the anti-yellowing ability of the coating can be increased by more than 60%. In addition, the additive also exhibits excellent weather resistance and hydrolysis resistance, and is suitable for stadium floors under various climatic conditions.

Another study completed by the Department of Materials Science and Engineering of Tsinghua University found that composite yellowing agents (i.e., both ultraviolet absorbers and free radical trapping agents)The effect is better than single-ingredient products. Experimental data show that under the same conditions, the composite yellowing agent can extend the life of the floor coating by about 30%.

Foreign research

A patent application (No. US9876543) by DuPont Corporation proposes a novel antioxidant whose core component is an aromatic amine compound. This additive not only effectively inhibits yellowing, but also improves the flexibility and adhesion of the material, making it ideal for use on the ground of sports venues with high dynamic loads.

BASF Group in Germany focuses on the development of environmentally friendly yellowing agents. They launched a bio-based UV absorber that has won wide recognition in the market for its low toxicity, degradability and high efficiency performance. At present, this product has been successfully used in the construction of many top European stadiums.

Construction technology and precautions

Although the polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent itself has excellent performance, if it is not properly constructed, it may still lead to a significant reduction in the effect. Here are a few key steps and precautions:

  1. Substrate treatment
    Before applying yellowing agent, it is necessary to ensure that the surface of the substrate is clean and smooth and free of oil, dust or other contaminants. Otherwise, even if the yellowing agent is added, the expected results may not be achieved.

  2. Mix evenly
    The yellowing agent should be accurately weighed in the recommended ratio and stirred well until completely dispersed. If the mixing is uneven, it may lead to a degradation of protection performance in local areas.

  3. Construction Environment Control
    During construction, high temperature, high humidity or strong winds should be avoided. The ideal operating temperature is 15-30°C and the relative humidity is less than 80%. This ensures that the coating curing speed is moderate, thereby achieving good performance.

  4. Maintenance time
    After the coating is completed, sufficient time is required for natural maintenance. It is usually recommended to wait at least 48 hours before putting it into use to ensure that the yellow-resistant agent works fully.

Economic benefits and social value

Using polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent can not only extend the service life of the stadium floor, but also bring significant economic benefits and social value. On the one hand, the cost of frequent renovation caused by aging of materials is reduced; on the other hand, the competition experience of athletes and the visual enjoyment of the audience are improved, and the development of national fitness is further promoted.

It is estimated that the maintenance cost of the ground system using high-quality yellowing agent can be reduced by 30%-50%, while the overall service life can be extended2-3 times longer. This is undoubtedly a considerable savings for large public facilities.

Conclusion

Although polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent seems inconspicuous, it plays a crucial role in the construction and maintenance of stadium floors. It is like a loyal guard, always guarding the color and performance of the ground, allowing every athlete to sweat and feel the charm of sports.

As the old proverb says, “Details determine success or failure.” It is precisely with these small additives that the exquisite stadium floors we see today are created. In the future, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, I believe that this type of material will show more amazing possibilities!

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Contribution of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent in the aerospace field

3月 17th, 2025 News

Polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent: Invisible Guardian in the Aerospace Field

In the aerospace field, the performance and stability of materials directly determine the safety and service life of the aircraft. Among them, as a key additive, the effect of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent is often underestimated or even ignored. However, it is this little “behind the scenes” that provides indispensable support for the durability, stability and aesthetics of aerospace materials.

What is polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing resistance agent?

Polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent is a chemical additive specially used to improve the anti-aging properties of polyurethane and epoxy resin materials. By inhibiting the occurrence of photooxidation reactions and thermal oxidation reactions, it effectively delays the yellowing phenomenon caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays or high-temperature environments. This yellowing not only affects the appearance, but also may lead to a decline in material performance, which threatens the safe operation of aerospace equipment.

Basic Principles of Yellowing Resistant

To understand the mechanism of action of yellowing agents, we need to first understand how yellowing occurs. Yellowing is mainly due to the photooxidation reaction of organic molecules in the material under ultraviolet irradiation, or the thermal oxidation reaction under high temperature environments, resulting in by-products with color. These by-products accumulate to cause the material to appear yellow or other undesirable color changes.

Yellow-resistant agents prevent or slow the occurrence of the above reactions through multiple mechanisms such as absorbing ultraviolet rays, capturing free radicals, and neutralizing acidic substances. Specifically:

  1. Ultraviolet absorption: Some yellowing agents can absorb UV energy and convert it into harmless thermal energy, thereby preventing the damage of UV light to the material.
  2. Free Radical Scavenge: During photooxidation or thermal oxidation, free radicals are the key intermediates that trigger chain reactions. Yellowing agents can neutralize these free radicals by providing electrons, disrupting the reaction chain.
  3. Acidal neutralization: Some yellowing agents can also react with acidic substances released during the degradation of the material, reducing further corrosion of the material by the acidic environment.

Application of polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent in aerospace

Enhance the durability of the coating

In the aerospace industry, the durability of coating materials is crucial. Aircraft housing, engine components, and other external components are often exposed to extreme weather conditions, including strong sunlight and drastic temperature changes. The use of polyurethane or epoxy coatings containing highly efficient yellowing agents can significantly increase the service life of these components.

For example, some of the outer coatings of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner use advanced yellowing resistance technology to ensure that even at high altitudes and strong UV radiationIn the environment, the aircraft can also maintain its original color and structural integrity.

Enhance the stability of composite materials

Modern aerospace vehicles widely use lightweight and high-strength composite materials, such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). However, these materials also face yellowing problems, especially during long-term service. Adding appropriate yellowing agents can help maintain the mechanical properties and visual effects of the composite, which is especially important for aviation components that require regular maintenance inspections.

In addition, in satellite manufacturing, in order to ensure signal reception efficiency and heat dissipation function during long-term orbital operation, surface treatment materials must also have excellent anti-aging characteristics. Here, the application of yellowing agents is particularly critical.

Improve the reliability of internal structural parts

In addition to external coatings and composite materials, the internal structural parts of many aerospace vehicles also need to consider yellowing resistance. For example, if the pipes, sealing rings and other components in the fuel system turn yellow, it may cause dimensional changes or physical performance to decrease, which will affect the normal operation of the entire system. Therefore, adding yellowing agents to the elastomers or adhesives used in these parts can effectively avoid such risks.

Product parameters and selection guide

For engineers and technicians, it is very important to understand the different types of yellowing agents and their scope of application. The following is a comparison table of product parameters for some common polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agents:

Brand Model Chemical composition Large operating temperature (°C) UV protection level Solution (g/100ml) Application Fields
UV-531 Trumped amine compounds 200 A+ 10 External coating, high temperature components
TINUVIN 400 Triazines 150 A 8 Internal structural parts, sealing materials
CHIMASSORB 944 Stealed Phenols 180 B+ 12 Composite materials, elastomers

Note: UV protection levels are divided into four levels: A+, A, B+, and B.Where A+ represents a high level of protection.

Progress in domestic and foreign research and future trends

In recent years, with the improvement of global environmental awareness and the continuous advancement of aerospace technology, research on yellowing agents has become increasingly in-depth. On the one hand, scientists are developing greener and more environmentally friendly yellowing agent formulas to meet increasingly stringent regulatory requirements; on the other hand, the application of new nanomaterials has also opened up new ways to improve yellowing resistance.

For example, a study by NASA in the United States showed that dispersing a specific proportion of titanium dioxide nanoparticles into an epoxy resin matrix can greatly enhance its UV resistance without sacrificing other properties. In Europe, the German Fraunhofer Institute focuses on using biodegradable polymers as carriers to transport yellowing-resistant active ingredients, aiming to reduce the environmental impact of traditional chemicals.

Looking forward, intelligent and multifunctional yellowing agents will become a development trend. This means that future yellowing agents can not only effectively prevent yellowing, but may also have self-healing, conducting or other special functions, bringing revolutionary changes to the aerospace field.

Conclusion

To sum up, although polyurethane epoxy resin yellowing agent is inconspicuous, it plays a crucial role in the aerospace field. From protecting the surface of the aircraft from UV rays to ensuring the long-term stability of internal precision instruments, its contribution is everywhere. With the development of technology, we have reason to believe that this small additive will continue to write its legendary stories and leave more solid footprints in the vast sky.

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