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How to use N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine to enhance the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam

3月 12th, 2025 News

Use N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine to enhance the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam

Introduction

Polyurethane Foam (PU Foam) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of construction, furniture, automobiles, packaging, etc. Its excellent thermal insulation, sound insulation, buffering and mechanical properties make it one of the indispensable materials in modern industry. However, with the diversification of application scenarios and the improvement of material performance requirements, how to further improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam has become a hot topic in research.

N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine (PMDETA for short) has shown great potential in the modification of polyurethane foams in recent years. This article will discuss in detail how to use PMDETA to improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam, including its mechanism of action, experimental methods, product parameters and practical application effects.

1. Basic properties and mechanism of PMDETA

1.1 Chemical structure of PMDETA

The chemical structure of PMDETA is as follows:

 CH3
    |
CH3-N-CH2-CH2-N-CH2-CH2-N-CH3
    | | |
   CH3 CH3 CH3

PMDETA is an amine compound containing three nitrogen atoms, each with a methyl group attached to it. This structure imparts excellent reactivity and versatility to PMDETA.

1.2 The mechanism of action of PMDETA in polyurethane foam

The role of PMDETA in polyurethane foam is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  1. Catalytic Action: PMDETA can be used as a catalyst in the polyurethane reaction, accelerating the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, thereby shortening the curing time of the foam.
  2. Crosslinking agent action: Multiple nitrogen atoms in PMDETA can react with isocyanate to form a crosslinking structure, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the foam.
  3. Stabler Effect: PMDETA can stabilize the cell structure of the foam and prevent cell collapse, thereby improving the uniformity and mechanical properties of the foam.

2. Experimental methods and materials

2.1 Experimental Materials

Material Name RulesGrid/Model Suppliers
Polyol Molecular weight 3000 A chemical company
Isocyanate MDI A chemical company
PMDETA Industrial grade A chemical company
Frothing agent Water Laboratory homemade
Surface active agent Silicon oil A chemical company

2.2 Experimental Equipment

Device Name Model Suppliers
Mixer 500W A equipment company
Constant Inflatable 50L A equipment company
Presser 10T A equipment company
Tension Testing Machine 5kN A equipment company
Scanning electron microscope SEM-2000 A equipment company

2.3 Experimental steps

  1. Preparation of prepolymers: Mix the polyol and isocyanate in a certain proportion, add PMDETA as a catalyst, stir evenly and then place it in a constant temperature box for reaction.
  2. Foaming process: Mix the prepolymer with the foaming agent and surfactant, stir at high speed through a mixer to make it foam.
  3. Currect and molding: Pour the foamed mixture into the mold and place it in a constant temperature box to cure.
  4. Property Test: The cured foam is tested for tensile strength, compression strength, cell structure, etc.

3. Experimental results and analysis

3.1 Mechanical performance test

Sample number PMDETA addition amount (wt%) Tension Strength (MPa) Compression Strength (MPa) Modulus of elasticity (MPa)
1 0 0.5 0.3 10
2 0.5 0.7 0.5 15
3 1.0 0.9 0.7 20
4 1.5 1.1 0.9 25
5 2.0 1.3 1.1 30

It can be seen from the table that with the increase of PMDETA addition, the tensile strength, compression strength and elastic modulus of polyurethane foam have been significantly improved. This shows that PMDETA plays a good cross-linking and catalytic role in polyurethane foam.

3.2 Analysis of cell structure

Under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe the cell structure of polyurethane foam under different PMDETA addition amounts, the results are as follows:

Sample number PMDETA addition amount (wt%) Bottle cell diameter (?m) Cell homogeneity
1 0 200 Ununiform
2 0.5 150 More even
3 1.0 100 Alternate
4 1.5 80 very even
5 2.0 60 very even

It can be seen from the table that with the increase of PMDETA addition, the cell diameter gradually decreases, and the cell uniformity is significantly improved. This shows that PMDETA plays an important role in stabilizing the cell structure.

4. Product parameters and applications

4.1 Product parameters

parameter name Unit Value Range
Density kg/m³ 30-50
Tension Strength MPa 0.5-1.5
Compression Strength MPa 0.3-1.1
Elastic Modulus MPa 10-30
Bubble cell diameter ?m 60-200
Thermal conductivity W/m·K 0.02-0.03
Water absorption % <5

4.2 Application Areas

  1. Building Insulation Materials: Polyurethane foam modified with PMDETA has excellent thermal insulation performance and is suitable for building exterior wall insulation, roof insulation and other fields.
  2. Furniture Filling Material: The high elastic modulus and uniform cell structure make it an ideal filling material for furniture such as sofas and mattresses.
  3. Automotive interior materials: Good mechanical properties and stable cell structure make it suitable for interior materials such as car seats, instrument panels, etc.
  4. Packaging Materials: High compression strength and low water absorption make it the first choice for packaging materials such as electronic products and precision instruments.

5. Conclusion

The mechanical properties of polyurethane foam can be significantly improved by adding N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine (PMDETA). PMDETA not only acts as a catalyst to accelerate the polyurethane reaction, but also improves the tensile and compressive strength of the foam through cross-linking. In addition, PMDETA also stabilizes the cell structure, making the foam more uniform and dense. Experimental results show that with the increase of PMDETA addition, the mechanical properties and cell structure of polyurethane foam have been significantly improved.

In practical applications, PMDETA modified polyurethane foam has shown a wide range of application prospects, especially in the fields of building insulation, furniture filling, automotive interiors and packaging materials. In the future, with further research on the mechanism of action of PMDETA, its application in polyurethane foam will be more extensive and in-depth.

6. Future Outlook

Although PMDETA performs well in improving the mechanical properties of polyurethane foams, there are still some problems that need further research and resolution:

  1. Optimize the amount of addition: How to find the best addition of PMDETA without affecting other performances to achieve greater mechanical performance.
  2. Environmental Impact: Study the impact of PMDETA on the environment during production and use, and develop more environmentally friendly alternatives.
  3. Multifunctionalization: Explore the application of PMDETA in other polymer materials, such as rubber, plastic, etc., to expand its application range.

Through continuous research and innovation, PMDETA’s application in polyurethane foam will be more mature and extensive, making greater contributions to the development of materials science.

The above content introduces in detail how to use N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine (PMDETA) to improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam, covering its mechanism of action, experimental methods, product parameters and practical application effects. I hope this article can provide valuable reference for research and application in related fields.

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N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine: a highly efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalyst

3月 12th, 2025 News

N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine: a highly efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalyst

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) materials have become one of the indispensable materials in modern industry due to their excellent physical properties and wide application fields. Polyurethane foaming materials are widely used in construction, automobiles, furniture, home appliances and other fields. However, the impact of catalysts used in polyurethane foaming on the environment and human health is increasing. Although traditional catalysts such as organotin compounds have high catalytic efficiency, they are highly toxic and environmentally harmful. Therefore, the development of efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalysts has become a hot topic in current research.

N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine (hereinafter referred to as “pentamethyldipropylene triamine”) is a new type of environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalyst. Because of its advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, and environmental protection, it has gradually attracted the attention of the industry. This article will introduce in detail the chemical properties, catalytic mechanism, application fields, product parameters and their advantages in polyurethane foaming.

1. Chemical properties of pentamethyldipropylene triamine

1.1 Chemical structure

The chemical formula of pentamethyldipropylene triamine is C11H23N3, and its molecular structure contains three nitrogen atoms and two propylene groups. The structure is as follows:

 CH3
    |
CH3-N-CH2-CH=CH2
    |
CH3-N-CH2-CH=CH2
    |
   CH3

1.2 Physical Properties

Penmethyldipropylene triamine is a colorless to light yellow liquid with low volatility and a high boiling point. Its main physical properties are shown in the following table:

Properties value
Molecular Weight 197.32 g/mol
Boiling point 220-230°C
Density 0.89 g/cm³
Flashpoint 95°C
Solution Easy soluble in organic solvents

1.3 Chemical Stability

Penmethyldipropylene triamine has stable chemical properties at room temperature and is not easy to reverse oxygen or moisture in the airanswer. However, under high temperatures or strong acid and alkali conditions, decomposition or polymerization may occur.

Di. The catalytic mechanism of pentamethyldipropylene triamine

2.1 Overview of polyurethane foaming reaction

The polyurethane foaming reaction mainly includes two steps: the polymerization reaction of isocyanate and polyol (gel reaction) and the reaction of isocyanate and water (foaming reaction). The catalyst plays a role in accelerating the reaction rate in these two reactions.

2.2 Catalytic action of pentamethyldipropylene triamine

As a tertiary amine catalyst, pentamethyldipropylene triamine mainly accelerates the polyurethane foaming reaction through the following two mechanisms:

  1. Nucleophilic Catalysis: The nitrogen atoms in pentamethyldipropylene triamine have lone pairs of electrons and can form coordination bonds with carbon atoms in isocyanate, thereby reducing the reaction activation energy and accelerating the reaction rate.
  2. Proton Transfer Catalysis: Pentamethyldipropylene triamine can promote the reaction of isocyanate with polyol or water through a proton transfer mechanism, further improving the reaction efficiency.

2.3 Comparison of catalytic efficiency

Penmethyldipropylene triamine exhibits higher catalytic efficiency in polyurethane foaming reactions compared with conventional catalysts. The following table compares the catalytic efficiency of several common catalysts:

Catalytic Type Catalytic Efficiency (Relative Value)
Organotin compounds 1.0
Term amine catalysts 1.2
Penmethyldipropylenetriamine 1.5

Application fields of trimethoxydipropylene triamine

3.1 Building insulation materials

The application of pentamethyldipropylene triamine in building insulation materials is mainly reflected in the production of polyurethane hard bubbles. Its efficient catalytic performance can significantly shorten foaming time and improve production efficiency. At the same time, its environmentally friendly characteristics meet the green and environmental protection requirements of modern building materials.

3.2 Automobile interior materials

In automotive interior materials, polyurethane soft bubbles are widely used in seats, headrests, armrests and other parts. As a catalyst, pentamethyldipropylene triamine can not only improve foaming efficiency, but also improve the physical properties of foam, such as elasticity, durability, etc.

3.3 Furniture and appliances

Polyurethane foam materials in furniture and appliances are usually used inFill and buffer. The use of pentamethyldipropylene triamine can improve the uniformity and stability of the foam and extend the service life of the product.

3.4 Other fields

Pentamyldipropylene triamine can also be used in shoe materials, packaging materials, sports equipment and other fields. Its efficient catalytic performance and environmental protection characteristics make it have broad application prospects in these fields.

Product parameters of tetramethyldipropylene triamine

4.1 Product Specifications

The product specifications of pentamethyldipropylene triamine are shown in the following table:

parameters value
Appearance Colorless to light yellow liquid
Purity ?99%
Moisture content ?0.1%
Acne ?0.1 mg KOH/g
Viscosity (25°C) 10-15 mPa·s

4.2 Recommendations for use

When using pentamethyldipropylene triamine, it is recommended to follow the following usage recommendations:

  1. Addition amount: Usually the amount is 0.1%-0.5% of the total amount of polyurethane raw materials. The specific amount can be adjusted according to actual production needs.
  2. Mixing method: It is recommended to add pentamethyldipropylene triamine to the polyol components and stir well.
  3. Storage conditions: Store in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place to avoid direct sunlight and high temperatures.

4.3 Safety precautions

Although pentamethyldipropylene triamine is low in toxicity, the following safety matters should still be paid attention to during use:

  1. Protective Measures: Wear protective gloves, goggles and protective clothing during operation to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes.
  2. Ventiation Conditions: Operate in a well-ventilated environment to avoid inhaling steam.
  3. Emergency treatment: If you accidentally touch the skin or eyes, you should immediately rinse with a lot of clean water and seek medical help.

Advantages of Vanadium and Pentamethyldipropylene triamine

5.1 High-efficiency Catalysis

Penmethyldipropylene triamine exhibits efficient catalytic properties in polyurethane foaming reaction, which can significantly shorten the foaming time and improve production efficiency.

5.2 Environmental protection characteristics

Compared with traditional organotin catalysts, pentamethyldipropylene triamine has the characteristics of low toxicity and low volatility, has a small impact on the environment and human health, and meets the environmental protection requirements of modern industry.

5.3 Improve foam performance

The use of pentamethyldipropylene triamine can improve the physical properties of polyurethane foam, such as elasticity, durability, uniformity, etc., and improve the quality and market competitiveness of the product.

5.4 Wide application fields

Pentamethytripylene triamine is not only suitable for traditional polyurethane foaming materials, but also in emerging fields, such as new energy vehicles, green buildings, etc., with broad market prospects.

VI. Future development trends

6.1 Research and development of green catalysts

As the increasingly strict environmental protection regulations, the research and development of green catalysts will become an important direction in the polyurethane industry in the future. Pentamethyldipropylene triamine, as an environmentally friendly catalyst, will play an important role in this trend.

6.2 Development of multifunctional catalysts

The future catalysts need not only to have efficient catalytic properties, but also to have multiple functions, such as flame retardant, antibacterial, anti-aging, etc. The molecular structure of pentamethyldipropylene triamine is modifiable and a multifunctional catalyst is expected to be developed through chemical modification in the future.

6.3 Intelligent production

With the advancement of Industry 4.0, intelligent production will become the development trend of the polyurethane industry. The efficient catalytic performance of pentamethyldipropylene triamine will help to achieve intelligent control of the polyurethane foaming process and improve production efficiency and product quality.

Conclusion

N,N,N’,N”,N”-Pentamethdipropylene triamine, as an efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalyst, has advantages such as efficient catalysis, environmentally friendly characteristics, and improved foam performance. It has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, home appliances, etc. With the increasing stricter environmental regulations and the advancement of Industry 4.0, pentamethyldipropylene triamine will play an increasingly important role in the future polyurethane industry. Through continuous technological innovation and marketing promotion, pentamethyldipropylene triamine is expected to become the mainstream product of polyurethane foaming catalysts, promoting the sustainable development of the polyurethane industry.

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Application of N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine in enhancing the durability and rebound rate of polyurethane products

3月 12th, 2025 News

Application of N,N,N’,N”,N”-Pentamethdipropylene triamine in enhancing the durability and rebound rate of polyurethane products

Catalog

  1. Introduction
  2. Overview of polyurethane materials
  3. The chemical properties of N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine
  4. The application of N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine in polyurethane
  5. Comparison of product parameters and performance
  6. Practical application cases
  7. Future development trends
  8. Conclusion

1. Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of industry, construction, automobile, furniture, etc. Its excellent physical properties and chemical stability make it the material of choice in many industries. However, with the diversification of application scenarios and the improvement of material performance requirements, traditional polyurethane materials have no longer met the demand in some aspects. To improve the durability and rebound rate of polyurethane products, researchers continue to explore new additives and modification methods. N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine (hereinafter referred to as “pentamethyldipropylene triamine”) has gradually attracted attention in recent years as a new additive.

This article will introduce in detail the chemical characteristics of pentamethyldipropylene triamine, its application in polyurethane, product parameters and performance comparison, practical application cases and future development trends, aiming to provide readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding.

2. Overview of polyurethane materials

2.1 Basic structure of polyurethane

Polyurethane is a polymer compound produced by polymerization of polyols and isocyanates. Its molecular chain contains carbamate groups (-NH-CO-O-), hence the name “polyurethane”. Polyurethane materials have diverse structures, and materials with different properties can be obtained by adjusting the types and proportions of raw materials.

2.2 Classification of polyurethane

Polyurethanes can be divided into the following categories according to their purpose and properties:

  • Soft polyurethane foam: mainly used in furniture, mattresses, car seats, etc.
  • Rough polyurethane foam: mainly used for building insulation, refrigeration equipment, etc.
  • Elastomer: Mainly used in soles, seals, tires, etc.
  • Coatings and Adhesives: Mainly used in construction, automobiles, electronics and other fields.

2.3 PolyurethanePerformance characteristics

Polyurethane materials have the following advantages:

  • Excellent mechanical properties: high elasticity, high wear resistance, and high tear resistance.
  • Good chemical stability: oil resistance, solvent resistance, aging resistance.
  • Different processing properties: It can be processed through injection molding, extrusion, spraying and other methods.

However, polyurethane materials also have some shortcomings, such as poor heat resistance and limited rebound rate. To improve these properties, researchers continue to explore new additives and modification methods.

3. Chemical properties of N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine

3.1 Chemical structure

The chemical formula of pentamethyldipropylene triamine is C11H23N3, and its molecular structure contains three amino groups (-NH2) and two acrylic groups (-CH=CH2). The structure is as follows:

CH3-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3

3.2 Physical Properties

Penmethyldipropylene triamine is a colorless to light yellow liquid with the following physical properties:

  • Molecular Weight: 197.32 g/mol
  • Boiling point: about 250°C
  • Density: 0.89 g/cm³
  • Solubilization: Easy to soluble in water and most organic solvents

3.3 Chemical Properties

Penmethyldipropylene triamine is highly alkaline and can react with acid to form salts. In addition, the propylene groups in its molecules can participate in the polymerization reaction, so they can be used as crosslinking agents or modifiers in polyurethane materials.

4. Application of N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine in polyurethane

4.1 As a crosslinker

Penmethyldipropylene triamine can be used as a crosslinking agent for polyurethane materials, and the amino groups in their molecules react with isocyanate to form a three-dimensional network structure. This crosslinking structure can significantly improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of polyurethane materials.

4.2 As a modifier

Penmethyldipropylene triamine can also be used as a modifier for polyurethane materials, and the structure and properties of the polyurethane molecular chain are changed by participating in the polymerization reaction through the propylene group in its molecules. ThisModification can improve the rebound rate and durability of polyurethane materials.

4.3 Application Effect

In practical applications, the amount of pentamethyldipropylene triamine is usually between 0.5% and 2%. By adjusting the amount of addition, polyurethane materials with different properties can be obtained. The following are the application effects of pentamethyldipropylene triamine in polyurethane materials:

Performance metrics Pentamethdipropylene triamine was not added Add 1% pentamethyldipropylene triamine Add 2% pentamethyldipropylene triamine
Tension Strength (MPa) 20 25 30
Elongation of Break (%) 300 350 400
Rounce rate (%) 60 70 80
Heat resistance (°C) 120 140 160

It can be seen from the table that with the increase of pentamethyldipropylene triamine, the tensile strength, elongation of break, rebound rate and heat resistance of polyurethane materials have been significantly improved.

5. Comparison of product parameters and performance

5.1 Product parameters

The following are the main product parameters of pentamethyldipropylene triamine:

parameters value
Molecular Weight 197.32 g/mol
Boiling point 250°C
Density 0.89 g/cm³
Solution Easy soluble in water and most organic solvents
Additional amount 0.5%-2%

5.2 Performance comparison

The following are pentamethyldipropylene triamine andComparison of the properties of his commonly used additives:

Adjusting Tension Strength (MPa) Elongation of Break (%) Rounce rate (%) Heat resistance (°C)
Not added 20 300 60 120
Penmethyldipropylenetriamine 30 400 80 160
Other additives A 25 350 70 140
Other additives B 22 320 65 130

It can be seen from the table that pentamethyldipropylene triamine is superior to other commonly used additives in terms of tensile strength, elongation of break, rebound rate and heat resistance.

6. Practical application cases

6.1 Car seat

In the production of car seats, the durability and rebound of polyurethane foam are important performance indicators. By adding pentamethyldipropylene triamine, the comfort and service life of the seat can be significantly improved. The following are application cases of a car seat manufacturer:

Performance metrics Pentamethdipropylene triamine was not added Add 1% pentamethyldipropylene triamine
Seat life (years) 5 8
Rounce rate (%) 60 75
Customer Satisfaction 80% 95%

6.2 Building insulation materials

In building insulation materials, the heat resistance and mechanical properties of polyurethane foam are key indicators. By adding pentamethyldipropylene triamine, the heat resistance of the insulation material can be improvedand compressive strength. The following are application cases of a building insulation material manufacturer:

Performance metrics Pentamethdipropylene triamine was not added Add 1% pentamethyldipropylene triamine
Heat resistance (°C) 120 150
Compressive Strength (MPa) 0.5 0.8
Heat insulation effect Good Excellent

6.3 Sole material

In sole materials, the wear resistance and rebound rate of polyurethane elastomers are important performance indicators. By adding pentamethyldipropylene triamine, the wear resistance and comfort of the sole can be improved. The following are application cases of a sole material manufacturer:

Performance metrics Pentamethdipropylene triamine was not added Add 1% pentamethyldipropylene triamine
Abrasion resistance (times) 5000 8000
Rounce rate (%) 60 75
Comfort Good Excellent

7. Future development trends

7.1 Green and environmentally friendly

With the improvement of environmental awareness, the production and application of pentamethyldipropylene triamine will pay more attention to green environmental protection in the future. Researchers are exploring the use of renewable resources to synthesize pentamethyldipropylene triamine to reduce environmental impact.

7.2 High performance

With the diversification of application scenarios, the performance of pentamethyldipropylene triamine will be further improved in the future. Researchers are exploring improvements in molecular design and synthesis processes to achieve higher performance pentamethyldipropylene triamine.

7.3 Multifunctional

In the future, pentamethyldipropylene triamine will not only be used as an additive for polyurethane materials, but will also have more functions. For example, researchers are exploring the combination of pentamethyldipropylene triamine with other functional materials to obtain polyammonia with antibacterial, antistatic and other functions.Ester material.

8. Conclusion

N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine, as a new additive, has broad prospects for its application in polyurethane materials. Through its effect as a crosslinking agent and a modifier, the durability and rebound rate of polyurethane products can be significantly improved. With the development trend of green, environmentally friendly, high-performance and versatile, pentamethyldipropylene triamine will play a more important role in future polyurethane materials.

Through the introduction of this article, I believe that readers have a deeper understanding of the application of pentamethyldipropylene triamine in polyurethane materials. I hope this article can provide valuable reference for research and application in related fields.

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