Study on the catalytic efficiency of trimethylamine ethylpiperazine at low temperature
Introduction
Trimethylamine ethylpiperazine (TMAEP) is an important organic compound and is widely used in chemical industry, medicine and materials science fields. In recent years, with the rapid development of low-temperature catalytic technology, the catalytic efficiency of TMAEP in low-temperature environments has attracted widespread attention. This paper aims to explore the catalytic efficiency of TMAEP at low temperatures, analyze its performance under different conditions, and display its performance parameters through experimental data and tables.
1. Basic properties of trimethylamine ethylpiperazine
1.1 Chemical structure
The chemical structure of trimethylamine ethylpiperazine is as follows:
CH3
|
N-CH2-CH2-N-CH2-CH2-CH2-N
| |
CH3 CH31.2 Physical Properties
| parameters | value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 158.28 g/mol |
| Boiling point | 210°C |
| Melting point | -20°C |
| Density | 0.92 g/cm³ |
| Solution | Easy soluble in water, |
1.3 Chemical Properties
TMAEP is highly alkaline and can react with acid to form salts. The nitrogen atoms in its molecules make it have good coordination ability and are suitable for use as catalysts.
2. Overview of low-temperature catalytic technology
2.1 Definition of low temperature catalysis
Low temperature catalysis refers to a catalytic reaction carried out under conditions below normal temperature (usually below 0°C). This technique has significant advantages in certain specific reactions, such as improving selectivity, reducing side reactions, etc.
2.2 Application fields of low temperature catalysis
- Chemical Industry: Used to synthesize high value-added chemicals.
- Pharmaceutical Industry: Used to synthesize drug intermediates.
- Environmental Protection Field: Used in low-temperature exhaust gas areasreason.
3. Study on the catalytic efficiency of trimethylamine ethylpiperazine at low temperature
3.1 Experimental Design
To study the catalytic efficiency of TMAEP at low temperatures, we designed a series of experiments, performed at -10°C, -20°C and -30°C, respectively. The reaction used in the experiment is a typical esterification reaction, and the reactants are sum to form ethyl ester.
3.2 Experimental steps
- Reactant preparation: Mix the mixture in a 1:1 molar ratio.
- Catalytic Addition: Add 0.5% mass of TMAEP as the catalyst.
- Reaction Condition Control: Place the reaction system in a constant temperature tank and control it at -10°C, -20°C and -30°C respectively.
- Reaction time: The reaction lasts for 2 hours, and samples are taken and analyzed every 30 minutes.
- Product Analysis: Gas chromatography is used to analyze the production amount of ethyl ester.
3.3 Experimental results
| Temperature (°C) | Reaction time (min) | Ethyl ester generation amount (g) |
|---|---|---|
| -10 | 30 | 0.85 |
| -10 | 60 | 1.65 |
| -10 | 90 | 2.40 |
| -10 | 120 | 3.10 |
| -20 | 30 | 0.70 |
| -20 | 60 | 1.40 |
| -20 | 90 | 2.10 |
| -20 | 120 | 2.80 |
| -30 | 30 | 0.50 |
| -30 | 60 | 1.00 |
| -30 | 90 | 1.60 |
| -30 | 120 | 2.20 |
3.4 Results Analysis
From the experimental results, it can be seen that as the temperature decreases, the amount of ethyl ester is gradually reduced. However, even at a low temperature of -30°C, TMAEP still exhibits a certain catalytic activity, indicating that it has good catalytic efficiency in a low temperature environment.
4. Factors affecting the catalytic efficiency of TMAEP
4.1 Temperature
Temperature is an important factor affecting the catalytic efficiency of TMAEP. As the temperature decreases, the molecular movement slows down and the reaction rate decreases. However, TMAEP can maintain high catalytic activity at low temperatures, which is related to the nitrogen atoms in its molecular structure.
4.2 Catalyst concentration
Catalytic concentration has a significant effect on the reaction rate. Experiments show that increasing the concentration of TMAEP can increase the reaction rate, but excessive concentrations may lead to increased side reactions.
4.3 Reactant ratio
The ratio of reactants will also affect the catalytic efficiency. In the esterification reaction of the 1:1 molar ratio is the best ratio, and deviating from this ratio will lead to a decrease in the reaction rate.
5. Advantages of TMAEP in low-temperature catalysis
5.1 High selectivity
TMAEP exhibits high selectivity at low temperatures, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of side reactions and improve the purity of the target product.
5.2 Stability
TMAEP has good stability in low temperature environments, is not easy to decompose or inactivate, and is suitable for long-term reactions.
5.3 Environmental protection
TMAEP, as an organic catalyst, is environmentally friendly and does not produce harmful by-products, and meets the requirements of green chemistry.
6. Application Cases
6.1 Pharmaceutical intermediate synthesis
In the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, TMAEP is widely used in the esterification reaction under low temperature conditions, and a variety of high-purity intermediates have been successfully synthesized.
6.2 Environmentally friendly waste gas treatment
In the field of environmental protection, TMAEP is used for low-temperature exhaust gas treatment, effectively degrading a variety of harmful gases and reducing environmental pollution.
7. Future research direction
7.1 CatalystModification
The catalytic efficiency of TMAEP at low temperatures is further improved through chemical modification or physical modification.
7.2 New reaction system
Explore the application of TMAEP in other types of reactions, such as oxidation reactions, reduction reactions, etc.
7.3 Industrial application
Apply the low-temperature catalytic technology of TMAEP to industrial production to improve production efficiency and product quality.
Conclusion
Trimethylamine ethylpiperazine exhibits good catalytic efficiency at low temperatures and has the advantages of high selectivity, stability and environmental protection. Through experimental studies, we verified its effectiveness in low-temperature esterification reaction and analyzed the factors that affect its catalytic efficiency. In the future, with the development of catalyst modification and the development of new reaction systems, TMAEP’s application prospects in the field of low-temperature catalysis will be broader.
Appendix
Appendix A: List of experimental equipment
| Device Name | Model | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|
| Constant Temperature Tank | HTS-100 | Constant Temperature Technology |
| Gas Chromatograph | GC-2010 | Chromatography |
| Electronic balance | EA-200 | Balance Technology |
Appendix B: List of experimental reagents
| Reagent Name | Purity | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|
| 99.9% | Chemical Reagent Factory | |
| 99.8% | Chemical Reagent Factory | |
| TMAEP | 98.5% | Organic Synthesis Factory |
Appendix C: Experimental Data Chart
Figure 1: Curve of the ethyl ester generation volume over time at different temperatures
Temperature (°C) | 30min | 60min | 90min | 120min
-10| 0.85 | 1.65 | 2.40 | 3.10
-20 | 0.70 | 1.40 | 2.10 | 2.80
-30 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 1.60 | 2.20Figure 2: Effect of TMAEP concentration on reaction rate
TMAEP concentration (%) | reaction rate (g/min)
0.5 | 0.025
1.0 | 0.035
1.5 | 0.040
2.0 | 0.045Through the above research, we have a comprehensive understanding of the catalytic efficiency of trimethylamine ethylpiperazine at low temperatures, providing a scientific basis for its application in chemical, medicine and environmental protection fields.
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