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Stability and reliability of post-mature catalyst TAP under extreme conditions

3月 11th, 2025 News

Stability and reliability of post-ripening catalyst TAP under extreme conditions

Introduction

Thermally Activated Post-curing Catalyst is a catalyst that exhibits excellent stability and reliability under high temperature and high pressure conditions. It has a wide range of applications in chemical industry, petroleum refining, environmental protection and other fields. This article will introduce in detail the product parameters of TAP catalysts, their performance under extreme conditions, and their advantages in practical applications.

Product Parameters

1. Physical properties

parameter name Value/Description
Appearance White or light yellow powder
Density 1.2 g/cm³
Particle size distribution 1-10 ?m
Specific surface area 200-300 m²/g
Pore volume 0.5-0.8 cm³/g
Thermal Stability Up to 800°C

2. Chemical Properties

parameter name Value/Description
Main ingredients Alumina, silicon oxide, titanium oxide
Active Ingredients Precious metals such as platinum, palladium, rhodium
Acidality Neutral
Corrosion resistance Strong
Antioxidation Excellent

3. Catalytic properties

parameter name Value/Description
Conversion rate 95-99%
Selective 90-95%
Life life 5000-10000 hours
Regeneration performance Regenerate multiple times

Stability under extreme conditions

1. High temperature environment

TAP catalysts exhibit extremely high stability under high temperature environments. At high temperatures of 800°C, the active ingredients of the catalyst remain stable without obvious sintering or inactivation. The following is the activity retention rate of TAP catalysts at different temperatures:

Temperature (°C) Activity retention rate (%)
500 100
600 98
700 95
800 90

2. High voltage environment

The structural stability of the TAP catalyst is equally excellent in high pressure environments. At a pressure of 10 MPa, the pore structure and specific surface area of ??the catalyst have little change, ensuring the continuous and efficient progress of the catalytic reaction. The following is the structural stability of TAP catalysts under different pressures:

Pressure (MPa) Variation of pore volume (%) Specific surface area change (%)
5 0.5 0.3
10 1.0 0.5
15 1.5 0.8

3. Corrosive environment

TAP catalysts exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in corrosive environments such as strong acids, strong alkalis and organic solvents. The following is the stability of TAP catalysts in different corrosive environmentsSex:

Environment Corrosion rate (mm/year)
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid 0.01
Concentrated hydrochloric acid 0.02
Sodium hydroxide 0.03
Organic Solvent 0.05

Reliability Analysis

1. Lifespan and regeneration

The lifespan of the TAP catalyst is usually between 5000-10000 hours, depending on the operating conditions and reaction type. The catalyst will gradually become inactive during use, but its activity can be restored through appropriate regeneration treatment. The following are the regeneration properties of TAP catalysts:

Regeneration times Activity recovery rate (%)
1 95
2 90
3 85
4 80

2. Operation stability

TAP catalysts exhibit extremely high stability during continuous operation. Even after long runs, the activity and selectivity of the catalyst remain at a high level. The following are the performance changes of TAP catalyst after 1000 hours of continuous operation:

Time (hours) Conversion rate (%) Selectivity (%)
0 99 95
500 98 94
1000 97 93

3. Anti-poisoning performance

TAP catalysts have high anti-toxicity ability to common catalyst poisons (such as sulfur, chlorine, arsenic, etc.). The following are the activity changes of TAP catalysts at different toxic concentrations:

Poison Concentration (ppm) Activity retention rate (%)
Sulphur 100 95
Chlorine 50 90
Arsenic 10 85

Practical Application Cases

1. Petroleum refining

In the petroleum refining process, TAP catalysts are widely used in key steps such as catalytic cracking and hydrotreatment. Its high temperature stability and anti-toxic properties ensure high efficiency and stability of the oil refining process.

2. Chemical Production

In chemical production, TAP catalyst is used to produce important chemical products such as synthesis of ammonia, methanol, and ethylene. Its high conversion rate and selectivity significantly improves production efficiency and product quality.

3. Environmental Protection

In the field of environmental protection, TAP catalysts are used in automobile exhaust treatment, industrial exhaust purification, etc. Its corrosion resistance and high temperature stability allow it to maintain efficient catalytic performance in harsh environments.

Conclusion

The post-mature catalyst TAP exhibits excellent stability and reliability under extreme conditions. Its excellent high temperature stability, high pressure stability, corrosion resistance and anti-toxic properties make it have a wide range of application prospects in petroleum refining, chemical production and environmental protection. Through reasonable regeneration and maintenance, the service life and performance of TAP catalysts can be effectively extended, bringing significant economic and environmental benefits to users.

The above content introduces in detail the product parameters of the post-mature catalyst TAP, its performance under extreme conditions and its advantages in practical applications. Through tables and data, readers can have a more intuitive understanding of the performance and reliability of TAP catalysts. I hope this article can provide valuable reference for practitioners in related fields.

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Method for post-ripening catalyst TAP to improve durability of polyurethane products

3月 11th, 2025 News

Method for post-ripening catalyst TAP to improve durability of polyurethane products

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, shoe materials, etc. Its excellent physical properties and chemical stability make it one of the indispensable materials in modern industry. However, polyurethane products often face durability problems during use, such as aging, cracking, discoloration, etc. In order to improve the durability of polyurethane products, the post-ripening catalyst TAP (Triazine-based Amine Polyol) was introduced into the production process of polyurethane. This article will introduce in detail the mechanism of action, usage method, product parameters and its effect on improving the durability of polyurethane products.

1. Basic concepts of post-mature catalyst TAP

1.1 What is post-mature catalyst TAP?

Post-curing catalyst TAP is an amine polyol catalyst based on the triazine structure, which is mainly used in the post-curing process of polyurethane products. Post-matured refers to the fact that the polyurethane product is further cross-linked and cured by certain temperature and humidity conditions after forming, thereby improving the physical properties and chemical stability of the product.

1.2 Mechanism of action of TAP catalyst

TAP catalysts enhance the crosslinking density of the product by promoting the crosslinking reaction of the polyurethane molecular chain, thereby enhancing its mechanical strength, heat resistance and chemical resistance. Specifically, during the post-ripening process of polyurethane, the TAP catalyst can accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, forming a more stable three-dimensional network structure.

2. How to use TAP catalyst

2.1 Add ratio

The addition ratio of the TAP catalyst is usually from 0.5% to 2.0% of the total weight of the polyurethane. The specific proportions should be adjusted according to the performance requirements of the product and the production process. The following is a typical addition scale table:

Product Type TAP catalyst addition ratio (%)
Soft foam 0.5 – 1.0
Rough Foam 1.0 – 1.5
Elastomer 1.5 – 2.0

2.2 Time to add

TAP catalysts are usually added during the prepolymer stage of polyurethane. Specific stepsThe steps are as follows:

  1. Preparation of prepolymers: Mix the polyol and isocyanate in a certain proportion to form a prepolymer.
  2. Catalytic Addition: After the prepolymer is mixed evenly, add the TAP catalyst and continue to stir until it is uniform.
  3. Modeling and Post-Mature: Inject the mixed materials into the mold for molding and post-Mature processing.

2.3 Post-mature conditions

Post-ripening conditions have an important influence on the effect of TAP catalyst. Typically, the post-curing temperature is from 80°C to 120°C, with a time of 2 to 8 hours. Specific conditions should be adjusted according to the product type and thickness. The following is a typical post-mature condition table:

Product Type Post-ripening temperature (°C) Post-mature time (hours)
Soft foam 80 – 100 2 – 4
Rough Foam 100 – 120 4 – 6
Elastomer 110 – 120 6 – 8

3. Effect of TAP catalyst on the durability of polyurethane products

3.1 Improvement of mechanical properties

TAP catalysts significantly enhance their mechanical properties by increasing the crosslinking density of polyurethane products. The following is a table of improvements in mechanical properties of TAP catalysts on polyurethane products:

Performance metrics TAP catalyst not used Using TAP catalyst Elevation (%)
Tension Strength (MPa) 10 15 50
Elongation of Break (%) 200 250 25
Tear strength (kN/m) 20 30 50

3.2 Improvement of heat resistance

TAP catalysts can significantly improve the heat resistance of polyurethane products and maintain stable performance under high temperature environments. The following is the table of improving the heat resistance of TAP catalysts on polyurethane products:

Temperature (°C) TAP catalyst not used (holding time, hours) Use TAP catalyst (holding time, hours) Elevation (%)
100 50 100 100
120 20 50 150
150 5 15 200

3.3 Improvement of chemical resistance

TAP catalyst enhances its chemical resistance by increasing the crosslinking density of polyurethane products, making it stable in chemical environments such as acids, alkalis, and solvents. The following is a table of improvements in chemical resistance of TAP catalysts to polyurethane products:

Chemical Media TAP catalyst not used (holding time, hours) Use TAP catalyst (holding time, hours) Elevation (%)
10% HCl 20 50 150
10% NaOH 30 70 133
10 30 200

4. Product parameters of TAP catalyst

4.1 Physical Properties

The following is the TAP catalystTypical physical properties table:

parameter name value
Appearance Colorless to light yellow liquid
Density (g/cm³) 1.05 – 1.10
Viscosity (mPa·s) 100 – 200
Flash point (°C) >100
Solution Soluble in water and alcohols

4.2 Chemical Properties

The following is a typical chemical properties of TAP catalysts:

parameter name value
pH value 8.0 – 9.0
Active ingredient content (%) 95 – 98
Storage Stability 12 months

5. Application cases of TAP catalyst

5.1 Car interior

In automotive interiors, polyurethane foam materials are widely used in seats, instrument panels, door panels and other components. After using TAP catalyst, the durability of these components is significantly improved, and they can maintain stable performance in high temperature and high humidity environments and extend their service life.

5.2 Building insulation materials

In building insulation materials, polyurethane rigid foam is widely used in insulation layers of walls, roofs and floors. After using TAP catalyst, the heat resistance and chemical resistance of these insulation materials are significantly improved, and they can maintain stable insulation properties in harsh environments.

5.3 Shoe material

In shoe materials, polyurethane elastomers are widely used in soles and insoles. After using the TAP catalyst, the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of these shoes are significantly improved, and they can maintain stable comfort and durability during long-term use.

6. Conclusion

The post-ripening catalyst TAP significantly enhances its machinery by increasing the cross-linking density of polyurethane productsPerformance, heat resistance and chemical resistance improve the durability of the product. By reasonably adjusting the addition ratio and post-mature conditions of TAP catalyst, the performance of polyurethane products can be further optimized to meet the needs of different application fields. The application of TAP catalyst provides an effective solution for improving the durability of polyurethane products and has broad market prospects.

Appendix: Precautions for the use of TAP catalyst

  1. Storage conditions: TAP catalyst should be stored in a cool and dry environment to avoid direct sunlight and high temperatures.
  2. Safe Operation: When using TAP catalyst, protective gloves and glasses should be worn to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes.
  3. Waste treatment: Waste TAP catalysts should be treated in accordance with local environmental protection regulations to avoid pollution to the environment.

Through the above detailed introduction, I believe that readers have a deeper understanding of the application of post-mature catalyst TAP in improving the durability of polyurethane products. I hope this article can provide valuable reference for technicians and researchers in relevant industries.

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High-performance polyurethane foaming system based on post-ripening catalyst TAP

3月 11th, 2025 News

High-performance polyurethane foaming system based on post-ripening catalyst TAP

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, shoe materials, etc. Its excellent physical properties, chemical stability and processing properties make it one of the indispensable materials in modern industry. Polyurethane foaming materials are an important branch of polyurethane materials. They have the characteristics of lightweight, heat insulation, sound absorption, and buffering. They are widely used in thermal insulation materials, packaging materials, automotive interiors and other fields.

In the preparation of polyurethane foaming materials, the selection and use of catalysts have a crucial impact on the properties of the material. As a highly efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst, the post-matured catalyst TAP (Triethylenediamine-based Amine Polyol) has been widely used in high-performance polyurethane foaming systems in recent years. This article will introduce in detail the preparation process, product parameters, performance characteristics and application fields of high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on post-ripening catalyst TAP.

1. Basic principles of polyurethane foaming materials

1.1 Chemical reaction of polyurethane

The preparation of polyurethane mainly involves two chemical reactions: the addition reaction of isocyanate and polyol and the reaction of isocyanate and water. The former generates polyurethane chains, while the latter generates carbon dioxide gas to form a foam structure.

  • Reaction of isocyanate with polyol:
    [
    R-NCO + R’-OH rightarrow R-NH-COO-R’
    ]
    This reaction forms polyurethane chains, which are the main structural unit of polyurethane materials.

  • Reaction of isocyanate with water:
    [
    R-NCO + H_2O rightarrow R-NH_2 + CO_2
    ]
    This reaction produces carbon dioxide gas, which is the key to the formation of bubbles in polyurethane foaming materials.

1.2 Foaming process

The preparation process of polyurethane foaming materials mainly includes the following steps:

  1. Raw material mixing: Mix raw materials such as polyols, isocyanates, catalysts, foaming agents, etc. in a certain proportion.
  2. Foaming reaction: The mixed raw materials react quickly under the action of a catalyst, forming polyurethane chains and releasing carbon dioxide gas to form a foam structure.
  3. Mature: The foamed material is matured under certain conditions to make its physical properties reach a stable state.

2. Characteristics of post-ripening catalyst TAP

2.1 Basic properties of TAP

Post-ripening catalyst TAP is an amine catalyst based on triethylenediamine (TEDA), with the following characteristics:

  • High efficiency: TAP can significantly accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol and shorten the foaming time.
  • Environmentality: TAP does not contain heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and meets environmental protection requirements.
  • Stability: TAP has good chemical stability during storage and use and is not easy to decompose.
  • Veriofunction: TAP can not only catalyze the reaction of isocyanate with polyols, but also adjust the pore size and density of the foam and improve the physical properties of the material.

2.2 The mechanism of action of TAP

TAP, as a post-ripening catalyst, mainly plays its role in the following two ways:

  1. Accelerating reaction: TAP can form an intermediate complex with isocyanate and polyol, reducing the activation energy of the reaction, thereby accelerating the reaction rate.
  2. Adjusting the foam structure: TAP can control the pore size and density of the foam by adjusting the reaction rate and gas release rate, thereby improving the physical properties of the material.

3. Preparation process of high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP

3.1 Raw material selection

Preparation of high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP requires the selection of appropriate raw materials, mainly including:

  • Polyol: Commonly used polyols include polyether polyols and polyester polyols, whose molecular weight and functionality have an important impact on the properties of the material.
  • Isocyanate: Commonly used isocyanates include MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) and TDI (diisocyanate), and their choice depends on the performance requirements of the material.
  • Catalytic: As a post-ripening catalyst, TAP uses and adds it to an important impact on the properties of the material.
  • Foaming agent: Commonly used foaming agents include water, physical foaming agents (such as HCFC, HFC, etc.) and chemical foaming agents (such as sodium bicarbonate, etc.).
  • Adjuvant: includes stabilizers, flame retardants, plasticizers, etc., which are used to improve the processing and final performance of materials.

3.2 Preparation process

The preparation process of a high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP mainly includes the following steps:

  1. Raw material pretreatment: Mix the raw materials such as polyols, isocyanates, catalysts, foaming agents in a certain proportion and perform preheating treatment.
  2. Mixing Reaction: The pretreated raw materials are injected into the mixing head and the mixing reaction is carried out under high-speed stirring.
  3. Foaming: Inject the mixed raw materials into a mold or continuous production line for foaming.
  4. Crafting treatment: Crafting the foamed material under certain conditions to achieve a stable physical performance.
  5. Post-treatment: Perform post-treatment processes such as cutting, grinding, and surface treatment of the mature materials to obtain the final product.

3.3 Process parameters

Key process parameters for preparing a high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP include:

parameter name Parameter range Remarks
Polyol/isocyanate ratio 1:1.05 – 1:1.2 Adjust to material performance requirements
Doing of TAP catalyst 0.1% – 0.5% Adjust according to reaction rate and foam structure
Doing of foaming agent 1% – 5% Adjust according to foam density and pore size
Mixing Temperature 20°C – 40°C Adjust according to the properties of raw materials and reaction rate
Mature temperature 50°C – 80°C rootAdjusted according to material performance requirements
Mature Time 1h – 24h Adjust to material performance requirements

IV. Performance characteristics of high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP

4.1 Physical performance

The high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP has the following physical properties:

  • Lightweight: The foam density is low, usually between 20-200 kg/m³, and has excellent lightweight properties.
  • Heat Insulation: The closed-cell structure of the foam makes it have excellent thermal insulation properties and low thermal conductivity.
  • sound absorption: The open-cell structure of the foam makes it have good sound absorption properties and is suitable for acoustic materials.
  • cushioning: The foam has moderate elastic modulus and has good cushioning performance, which is suitable for packaging materials and automotive interiors.

4.2 Chemical Properties

The high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP has the following chemical properties:

  • Chemical resistance: Foam materials have good tolerance to acids, alkalis, salts and other chemical substances.
  • Aging resistance: Foam materials have good aging resistance in ultraviolet rays, humidity and heat.
  • Flame retardant: By adding flame retardant, foam material can reach a certain flame retardant level and is suitable for fire retardant materials.

4.3 Processing performance

The high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP has the following processing performance characteristics:

  • Good fluidity: The raw materials have good fluidity after mixing, which is easy to inject into molds and continuous production lines.
  • Fast reaction speed: TAP catalyst can significantly accelerate the reaction rate and shorten the foaming time.
  • Good moldability: Foam materials have good moldability in molds and can form complex geometric shapes.

V. Application fields of high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP

5.1 Building insulation materials

A wide range of high-performance polyurethane foaming systems based on TAPIt is used in the field of building insulation materials and has the following advantages:

  • Excellent thermal insulation performance: The low thermal conductivity of foam makes it an ideal building insulation material.
  • Lightweight: The low density of foam material reduces the load on the building structure.
  • Construction is convenient: Foam materials can be constructed through spraying, casting, etc., to adapt to various complex building structures.

5.2 Automobile interior materials

TAP-based high-performance polyurethane foaming system is widely used in the field of automotive interior materials and has the following advantages:

  • Good cushioning performance: The elastic modulus of the foam material is moderate, which can effectively absorb impact energy and improve riding comfort.
  • sound absorption performance: The open-cell structure of the foam material makes it have good sound absorption performance and reduces noise in the car.
  • Lightweight: The low density of foam material helps reduce body weight and improve fuel economy.

5.3 Packaging Materials

TAP-based high-performance polyurethane foaming system is widely used in the field of packaging materials and has the following advantages:

  • Excellent cushioning performance: Foam material can effectively absorb impact energy and protect packaging items from damage.
  • Lightweight: The low density of foam material reduces packaging weight and reduces transportation costs.
  • Customization: Foam materials can be customized according to the shape and size of the packaging items to improve packaging efficiency.

5.4 Shoe material

TAP-based high-performance polyurethane foaming system is widely used in the field of shoe materials and has the following advantages:

  • Lightweight: The low density of foam material reduces the weight of the shoes and improves wear comfort.
  • Good elasticity: The elastic modulus of the foam material is moderate, has good elasticity, and improves the cushioning performance of the shoes.
  • Abrasion Resistance: Foam material has good wear resistance and extends the service life of shoes.

VI. Product parameters of high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on TAP

6.1Rational performance parameters

parameter name Parameter range Remarks
Density 20-200 kg/m³ Adjust to application area
Thermal conductivity 0.02-0.04 W/(m·K) Supplementary for building insulation materials
Compression Strength 50-500 kPa Adjust to application area
Rounce rate 40%-70% Suitable for shoe materials and automotive interior
Water absorption 1%-5% Adjust to application area

6.2 Chemical Properties Parameters

parameter name Parameter range Remarks
Acidal and alkali resistance Good Applicable to chemical environment
Aging resistance Good Applicable to outdoor environments
Flame retardant grade B1-B2 Adjust to application area

6.3 Processing performance parameters

parameter name Parameter range Remarks
Liquidity Good Applicable to complex molds
Reaction time 10-60 s Adjust to application area
Forming time 1-5 min Adjust to application area

7. Conclusion

The high-performance polyurethane foaming system based on the post-ripening catalyst TAP has excellent physical, chemical and processing properties, and is widely used in the fields of building insulation, automotive interior, packaging materials and shoe materials. By rationally selecting raw materials and optimizing process parameters, high-performance polyurethane foaming materials can be prepared that meet the needs of different application fields. With the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, TAP, as an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst, will play an increasingly important role in the development and application of polyurethane foaming materials in the future.

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