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N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine: Catalyst selection from a green chemical perspective

admin 3月 11th, 2025 News

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine: Catalyst selection from a green chemical perspective

Introduction

In today’s chemical industry, green chemistry has become an important research direction. Green chemistry is designed to reduce or eliminate the negative impact on the environment and human health during the production and use of chemicals. N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine, referred to as DMCHA) is an important organic compound and is widely used in catalysts, solvents and intermediates. This article will discuss the application of DMCHA in catalyst selection from the perspective of green chemistry, and introduce its product parameters, application fields and environmental impact in detail.

1. Basic properties of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

1.1 Chemical structure

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine is a cyclic amine compound with its chemical structure as follows:

 CH3
       |
  C6H11-N-CH3

Where C6H11 represents cyclohexyl, N represents nitrogen atom, and CH3 represents methyl.

1.2 Physical Properties

parameters	value
Molecular formula	C8H17N
Molecular Weight	127.23 g/mol
Boiling point	160-162°C
Melting point	-50°C
Density	0.85 g/cm³
Flashpoint	40°C
Solution	Solved in water and organic solvents

1.3 Chemical Properties

DMCHA is alkaline and can react with acid to form salts. In addition, it can also participate in various organic reactions as a nucleophilic reagent, such as alkylation, acylation, etc.

2. Catalyst selection from the perspective of green chemistry

2.1 Green Chemistry Principles

The 12 principles of green chemistry include:

Prevent waste production
Atomic Economy
Reduce the use of hazardous substances
Design safer chemicals
Use safer solvents and reaction conditions
Improving energy efficiency
Use renewable raw materials
Reduce the use of derivatives
Using catalysts
Designing degradable chemicals
Real-time analysis to prevent contamination
Reduce the risk of accidents

2.2 Advantages of DMCHA as a catalyst

DMCHA has the following advantages in catalyst selection:

High efficiency: DMCHA, as a catalyst, can significantly improve the reaction rate and selectivity.
Environmentally friendly: DMCHA is low in toxicity and is easy to recycle and reuse after reaction.
Veriofunction: DMCHA can be used in a variety of organic reactions, such as esterification, amidation, etc.

2.3 Application Example

2.3.1 Esterification reaction

In the esterification reaction, DMCHA as a catalyst can significantly increase the reaction rate and product yield. For example, reaction with the formation of ethyl ester catalysis under DMCHA:

CH3COOH + C2H5OH ? CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

Catalyzer	Reaction time (h)	Product yield (%)
DMCHA	2	95
Catalyzer-free	6	60

2.3.2 Amidation reaction

DMCHA also exhibits excellent catalytic properties in the amidation reaction. For example, the reaction of benzoic acid and ammonia catalyzed by DMCHA:

C6H5COOH + NH3 ? C6H5CONH2 + H2O

Catalyzer	Reaction time (h)	Product yield (%)
DMCHA	3	90
Catalyzer-free	8	50

3. DMCHA product parameters

3.1 Industrial DMCHA

parameters	value
Purity	?99%
Appearance	Colorless transparent liquid
Moisture	?0.1%
Acne	?0.1 mg KOH/g
Heavy Metal Content	?10 ppm

3.2 Pharmaceutical-grade DMCHA

parameters	value
Purity	?99.5%
Appearance	Colorless transparent liquid
Moisture	?0.05%
Acne	?0.05 mg KOH/g
Heavy Metal Content	?5 ppm

4. Application areas of DMCHA

4.1 Chemical Industry

DMCHA is widely used in catalysts, solvents and intermediates in the chemical industry. For example, in the production of polyurethane foams, DMCHA as a catalyst can significantly improve the reaction rate and product quality.

4.2 Pharmaceutical Industry

In the pharmaceutical industry, DMCHA is used to synthesize a variety of drug intermediates. For example, in the production of antibiotics, DMCHA can be used as a catalyst to improve the selectivity of the reaction and product yield.

4.3Agriculture

In agriculture, DMCHA is used to synthesize pesticides and herbicides. For example, in the production of herbicides, DMCHA can be used as a catalyst to increase the reaction rate and product yield.

5. Environmental Impact of DMCHA

5.1 Toxicity

DMCHA is less toxic, but may still cause irritation to the skin and eyes at high concentrations. Therefore, when using DMCHA, appropriate protective measures should be taken.

5.2 Biodegradability

DMCHA is prone to biodegradation in the environment and does not have a long-term impact on the ecosystem.

5.3 Waste treatment

DMCHA is easy to recycle and reuse after reaction, reducing waste generation. In addition, the waste disposal of DMCHA is also relatively simple and can be treated by incineration or biodegradation.

6. Conclusion

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, as an important organic compound, has significant advantages in catalyst selection from the perspective of green chemistry. Its efficiency, environmental friendliness and versatility make it widely used in the chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry and agriculture. Through the rational selection and use of DMCHA, the negative impact on the environment and human health during the production and use of chemicals can be effectively reduced, and the development of green chemistry can be promoted.

Appendix

Appendix A: Synthesis method of DMCHA

DMCHA synthesis methods mainly include the following:

Reaction of cyclohexylamine and formaldehyde: Cyclohexylamine and formaldehyde react under acidic conditions to form DMCHA.
Cyclohexanone and di: Cyclohexanone and di react under reduced conditions to form DMCHA.
Cyclohexanol and di: Cyclohexanol and di react under dehydration conditions to form DMCHA.

Appendix B: DMCHA’s safety data sheet

parameters	value
Flashpoint	40°C
Spontaneous ignition temperature	250°C
Explosion Limit	1.1-7.0%
Toxicity	Low toxic
Protective Measures	Wear gloves and goggles

Appendix C: Storage and Transport of DMCHA

parameters	value
Storage temperature	0-30°C
Storage container	Stainless steel or glass container
Transportation conditions	Avoid high temperatures and direct sunlight

Through the above content, we have a comprehensive understanding of the catalyst selection and application of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine from the perspective of green chemistry. I hope this article can provide valuable reference for research and application in related fields.

Polyurethane synthesis technology under catalytic action of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

admin 3月 11th, 2025 News

Polyurethane synthesis technology under catalyzed by N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

1. Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, shoe materials, etc. Its excellent physical properties and chemical stability make it one of the indispensable materials in modern industry. In the synthesis of polyurethane, the selection of catalyst is crucial. N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine, referred to as DMCHA) plays an important role in polyurethane synthesis as a highly efficient catalyst. This article will introduce in detail the polyurethane synthesis technology under the catalytic action of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, covering reaction mechanism, process parameters, product performance and other aspects.

2. Chemical properties of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine is an organic amine compound with the molecular formula C8H17N and contains cyclohexyl and two methyl substituted amino groups in the structure. Its chemical properties are as follows:

Features	Value/Description
Molecular Weight	127.23 g/mol
Boiling point	159-160 °C
Density	0.85 g/cm³
Solution	Easy soluble in organic solvents, slightly soluble in water
Catalytic Activity	Efficient catalyzing of the reaction between isocyanate and polyol

3. Basic principles of polyurethane synthesis

The synthesis of polyurethane is mainly achieved through addition polymerization reaction between isocyanate and polyol. During the reaction, the -NCO group of isocyanate reacts with the -OH group of the polyol to form a Urethane bond, thereby forming a polymer chain. The reaction equation is as follows:

R-NCO + R'-OH ? R-NH-CO-O-R'

Under the catalytic action of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, the reaction rate is significantly improved and the reaction conditions are more mild.

4. Catalytic mechanism of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine as a catalyst, mainly throughThe following two ways to promote reaction:

Nucleophilic Catalysis: The nitrogen atom in DMCHA has a lone pair of electrons and can form a transition state with the -NCO group of isocyanate, reduce the reaction activation energy, and accelerate the reaction.
Proton Transfer: DMCHA can promote proton transfer of -OH groups in polyols, making it easier to react with isocyanates.

5. Polyurethane synthesis process

5.1 Raw material preparation

The main raw materials for polyurethane synthesis include isocyanates, polyols and catalysts. The specific raw material parameters are as follows:

Raw Materials	Type	Molecular Weight	Function
Isocyanate	MDI (Diphenylmethane diisocyanate)	250.25 g/mol	Provided-NCO Group
Polyol	Polyether polyol	2000-6000 g/mol	Provided-OH group
Catalyzer	N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine	127.23 g/mol	Accelerating the reaction

5.2 Reaction conditions

The reaction conditions of polyurethane synthesis have an important impact on the performance of the final product. The following are typical reaction conditions:

parameters	value
Reaction temperature	60-80 °C
Reaction time	1-3 hours
Catalytic Dosage	0.1-0.5 wt%
Isocyanate to polyol ratio	1:1 (molar ratio)

5.3 Process flow

Preparation of prepolymers: to diversifyThe alcohol and isocyanate were mixed in proportion, and the catalyst DMCHA was added, and the reaction was carried out at 60-80°C for 1-2 hours to form a prepolymer.
Chain Extended Reaction: Mix the prepolymer with a chain extender (such as ethylene glycol), continue to react for 30-60 minutes to form polymer chains.
Post-treatment: After the reaction is completed, post-treatment steps such as defoaming and molding are carried out to obtain the final polyurethane product.

6. Product Performance

The polyurethane catalyzed by N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine has excellent physical properties and chemical stability. The following are typical product performance parameters:

Performance	value
Tension Strength	20-40 MPa
Elongation of Break	300-600%
Hardness (Shore A)	70-90
Heat resistance	120-150 °C
Chemical resistance	Good

7. Application areas

Polyurethanes catalyzed by N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine are widely used in the following fields:

Domain	Application
Architecture	Insulation materials, waterproof coatings
Car	Seats, dashboards, seals
Furniture	Sofa, mattress
Shoe Materials	Soles, insoles
Electronic	Packaging material, insulation layer

8. Process Optimization

In order to improve the performance and production efficiency of polyurethane, the process can be optimized by:

Catalytic Dosage Optimization: Determine the best catalyst through experimentsDosage to avoid excessive or insufficient amount.
Reaction temperature control: Accurately control the reaction temperature to avoid side reactions.
Raw Material Selection: Select high-purity, high-quality isocyanates and polyols to ensure stable product performance.

9. Environmental protection and safety

In the process of polyurethane synthesis, the use of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine requires attention to environmental protection and safety issues:

Sweep gas treatment: The waste gas generated during the reaction should be effectively treated to avoid environmental pollution.
Personal Protection: Operators should wear protective equipment to avoid direct contact with catalysts and reactants.
Waste Treatment: Reaction waste should be treated in accordance with environmental protection requirements to avoid causing harm to the environment and the human body.

10. Conclusion

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, as a highly efficient catalyst, plays an important role in polyurethane synthesis. Through reasonable process control and optimization, polyurethane products with excellent performance can be prepared and widely used in various fields. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, polyurethane catalyzed by N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine will exert its unique advantages in more fields.

The above is a detailed introduction to the polyurethane synthesis technology under the catalytic action of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine. Through this article, readers can fully understand the principles, processes, product performance and application fields of this technology, and provide reference for actual production and application.

Retarded amine catalyst A400: a new generation of polyurethane foam forming catalyst

admin 3月 9th, 2025 News

Retardant amine catalyst A400: a new generation of polyurethane foam forming catalyst

Introduction

Polyurethane foam materials have become one of the indispensable materials in modern industry due to their excellent physical properties and wide application fields. However, the molding process of polyurethane foam involves a variety of chemical reactions and physical changes, where the selection and use of catalysts have a critical impact on the performance of the final product. In recent years, with the advancement of technology and changes in market demand, a new generation of polyurethane foam forming catalyst, the delay amine catalyst A400, has emerged. This article will introduce in detail the characteristics, applications, product parameters and their advantages in polyurethane foam molding.

1. Overview of Retarded Amine Catalyst A400

1.1 What is retarded amine catalyst A400?

The retardant amine catalyst A400 is a highly efficient catalyst designed specifically for polyurethane foam molding. By delaying the reaction time, it enables the foam to better control the foaming and gel time during the molding process, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of the foam. Compared with conventional catalysts, the retardant amine catalyst A400 has higher catalytic efficiency and longer delay times, which can meet the needs of complex molding processes.

1.2 Main features of retardant amine catalyst A400

High-efficiency Catalysis: A400 can quickly start reactions at lower temperatures, significantly improving production efficiency.
Delayed reaction: By precisely controlling the reaction time, the A400 can effectively extend the foaming and gel time to ensure the uniformity of the foam.
Environmental Safety: A400 does not contain harmful substances, meets environmental protection requirements, and is safe to use.
Widely applicable: Suitable for a variety of polyurethane foam materials, including soft, hard and semi-rigid foams.

2. Application fields of delayed amine catalyst A400

2.1 Furniture Industry

In the furniture industry, polyurethane foam is widely used in the manufacturing of sofas, mattresses, seats and other products. The delayed amine catalyst A400 can effectively control the foaming and gel time of the foam, ensure the uniformity and comfort of the foam, thereby improving the quality and durability of furniture products.

2.2 Automotive Industry

In the automotive industry, polyurethane foam is used in the manufacturing of seats, headrests, instrument panels and other components. The delayed reaction characteristics of the A400 enable the foam to better adapt to complex mold shapes during the molding process, improving product accuracy and consistency.

2.3 Construction Industry

In the construction industry, polyurethane foam is used in the manufacturing of thermal insulation materials, sound insulation materials, etc. The efficient catalytic performance of the A400 can significantly improve production efficiency, while its environmentally friendly characteristics meet the sustainable development requirements of the construction industry.

2.4 Packaging Industry

In the packaging industry, polyurethane foam is used in the manufacturing of protective packaging materials. The delayed reaction characteristics of A400 enable the foam to better adapt to packaging needs of different shapes during the molding process and improve the protective performance of packaging materials.

III. Product parameters of delayed amine catalyst A400

3.1 Physical Properties

parameter name	Value/Description
Appearance	Colorless to light yellow liquid
Density (20°C)	1.05 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C)	50-100 mPa·s
Flashpoint	>100°C
Solution	Easy soluble in water and organic solvents

3.2 Chemical Properties

parameter name	Value/Description
pH value (1% aqueous solution)	8.5-9.5
Active ingredient content	?98%
Stability	Stable at room temperature, avoid high temperature and strong acid and alkali environment

3.3 Conditions of use

parameter name	Value/Description
Using temperature	20-40°C
Concentration of use	0.1-0.5% (based on the weight of polyurethane raw materials)
Reaction time	Adjustable, usually 5-15 minutes

IV. Advantages of delayed amine catalyst A400

4.1 Improve Production Efficiency

The efficient catalytic performance of A400 can significantly shorten the molding time of polyurethane foam and improve production efficiency. At the same time, its delayed reaction characteristics allow the foam to better control the foaming and gel time during the molding process and reduce the waste rate.

4.2 Improve product quality

By precisely controlling the reaction time, the A400 can ensure uniformity and stability of the foam, thereby improving the quality of the product. Whether in the furniture, automobiles or construction industries, the A400 can significantly improve the performance and durability of the product.

4.3 Environmental protection and safety

A400 does not contain harmful substances, meets environmental protection requirements, and is safe to use. During the production process, the A400 does not produce harmful gases and is friendly to the health and environment of the operator.

4.4 Widely applicable

A400 is suitable for a wide range of polyurethane foam materials, including soft, rigid and semi-rigid foams. Whether in the furniture, automobile, construction or packaging industries, the A400 can meet the needs of different application scenarios.

V. How to use the delayed amine catalyst A400

5.1 Preparation

Before using the A400, it is necessary to ensure that the polyurethane raw materials and molds are clean and dry. At the same time, adjust the use concentration and reaction time of A400 according to specific application requirements.

5.2 Add A400

Add A400 to the polyurethane raw material at a predetermined concentration and stir evenly. Pay attention to controlling the addition speed to avoid uneven reactions due to excessive local concentration.

5.3 Forming process

Inject the mixed polyurethane raw materials into the mold to control the forming temperature and pressure. The delayed reaction characteristics of A400 enable the foam to better adapt to the mold shape during the molding process, improving the accuracy and consistency of the product.

5.4 Post-processing

After the molding is completed, necessary post-treatment, such as cutting, grinding, etc. The efficient catalytic performance of the A400 can significantly shorten the post-processing time and improve production efficiency.

VI. Market prospects of delayed amine catalyst A400

6.1 Market demand

With the rapid development of the furniture, automobile, construction and packaging industries, the demand for high-performance polyurethane foam materials is increasing. As an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst, A400 can meet the market’s demand for high-quality foam materials and has broad market prospects.

6.2 Technology development trends

In the future, with the advancement of technology and the marketWith changes in demand, polyurethane foam molding technology will develop in a direction of more efficient and environmentally friendly. As a new generation catalyst, A400 will continue to lead the industry’s technological development trend and promote the innovation and application of polyurethane foam materials.

6.3 Competition Analysis

At present, there are a variety of polyurethane foam forming catalysts on the market, but A400 occupies an advantageous position in the competition due to its advantages such as efficient catalysis, delayed reaction, and environmental protection and safety. In the future, with the widespread application of A400 and the continuous advancement of technology, its market competitiveness will be further enhanced.

7. Conclusion

As a new generation of polyurethane foam forming catalyst, the delayed amine catalyst A400 has significant advantages such as high efficiency catalysis, delayed reaction, environmental protection and safety. In the furniture, automobile, construction and packaging industries, the A400 can significantly improve production efficiency, improve product quality, meet environmental protection requirements, and have broad market prospects. With the advancement of technology and changes in market demand, A400 will continue to lead the development of polyurethane foam forming technology and promote innovation and progress in the industry.

Appendix: FAQs about delayed amine catalyst A400

Q1: How to determine the concentration of A400?

A: The concentration of A400 is usually 0.1-0.5% (based on the weight of polyurethane raw material), and the specific concentration can be adjusted according to application requirements and process conditions.

Q2: What are the storage conditions of A400?

A: A400 should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place to avoid high temperatures and strong acid and alkaline environments. The storage temperature should be controlled between 20-40°C.

Q3: Is the A400 suitable for all types of polyurethane foams?

A: The A400 is suitable for a wide range of polyurethane foam materials, including soft, hard and semi-rigid foams. However, in specific applications, it is recommended to test and adjust according to material characteristics and process conditions.

Q4: How environmentally friendly is the A400?

A: A400 does not contain harmful substances, meets environmental protection requirements, and is safe to use. During the production process, the A400 does not produce harmful gases and is friendly to the health and environment of the operator.

Q5: How to control the reaction time of A400?

A: The reaction time of A400 can be controlled by adjusting the usage concentration and molding temperature. Usually, the reaction time is 5-15 minutes, and the specific time can be adjusted according to the application needs.

Through the above content, we introduce in detail the characteristics, applications, product parameters and their advantages in polyurethane foam molding. I hope this article can help readers better understand the A400 and give full play to its great value in practical applications.

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