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Latest research progress on polyurethane foam amine catalysts used to manufacture refractory foam materials

3月 8th, 2025 News

New research progress of polyurethane foam amine catalyst in the manufacturing of refractory foam materials

Introduction

Polyurethane foam materials are widely used in construction, automobile, furniture and other fields due to their excellent thermal insulation, sound insulation and mechanical properties. However, traditional polyurethane foams have shortcomings in their refractory properties, limiting their application in high temperature environments. In recent years, with the improvement of the requirements for material safety performance, the research on refractory polyurethane foam materials has become a hot topic. This article will introduce in detail the new research progress of polyurethane foam amine catalysts in the manufacturing of refractory foam materials, covering product parameters, performance optimization, application cases and other contents.

1. Basic principles of polyurethane foam amine catalyst

1.1 The formation mechanism of polyurethane foam

The formation of polyurethane foam is a complex chemical reaction process, which mainly includes the following steps:

  1. Reaction of isocyanate with polyol: forming polyurethane segments.
  2. Foaming reaction: Water reacts with isocyanate to form carbon dioxide, forming a foam structure.
  3. Crosslinking reaction: The three-dimensional network structure is formed by crosslinking agents to improve the mechanical properties of the material.

1.2 The role of amine catalyst

Amine catalysts play a key role in the formation of polyurethane foam, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  1. Accelerating the reaction rate: The amine catalyst can significantly increase the reaction rate between isocyanate and polyol and shorten the foam formation time.
  2. Control foam structure: By adjusting the type and amount of catalyst, the pore size and density of the foam can be controlled, thereby optimizing the performance of the material.
  3. Improving refractory performance: Some amine catalysts have flame retardant properties and can improve the refractory performance of polyurethane foam.

2. Research progress of refractory polyurethane foam materials

2.1 Introduction of refractory additives

In order to improve the refractory properties of polyurethane foam, researchers have introduced a variety of refractory additives, mainly including:

  1. Inorganic fillers: such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc., the material temperature is reduced through endothermic decomposition reaction.
  2. Organic flame retardant: such as phosphate esters, halogen compounds, etc., improve the refractory performance of the material through the gas-phase and condensation phase flame retardant mechanisms.
  3. Nanomaterials: Such as nanoclays, carbon nanotubes, etc., improve the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of materials through nanoeffects.

2.2 Optimization of amine catalysts

In order to further improve the performance of refractory polyurethane foam, the researchers optimized the amine catalyst, mainly including:

  1. Multifunctional amine catalysts: Developing amine catalysts with flame retardant functions, such as phosphoamine catalysts, can improve the refractory properties of materials while catalyzing the reaction.
  2. Composite Catalyst System: Optimize the foam formation process and performance through the synergistic action of multiple catalysts. For example, combining an amine catalyst with a metal catalyst improves the mechanical properties and refractory properties of the foam.

2.3 Product parameters and performance optimization

The following table lists the product parameters and performance optimization measures of several common refractory polyurethane foam materials:

Product Number Density (kg/m³) Thermal conductivity (W/m·K) Fire resistance level Optimization measures
PU-001 40 0.025 B1 Add aluminum hydroxide
PU-002 50 0.030 A2 Phosamine Catalyst
PU-003 60 0.035 A1 Nanoclay composite

III. Application Cases

3.1 Building insulation materials

Refractory polyurethane foam materials are widely used in the field of building insulation. For example, the exterior wall insulation system of a high-rise building uses PU-002 material, and its fire resistance level reaches A2, effectively improving the fire safety of the building.

3.2 Automobile interior materials

In automotive interior materials, refractory polyurethane foam can improve the fire resistance of the vehicle. A certain automobile manufacturer uses PU-001 material in seat and ceiling materials, which has low density, low thermal conductivity, and good fire resistance.

3.3 Furniture Manufacturing

In furniture manufacturing, refractory polyurethane foam materials can improve the safety performance of furniture. A furniture manufacturer uses PU-003 material in sofas and mattresses, and its fire resistance level reaches A1, effectively reducing fire risk.

IV. Future development direction

4.1 Green and environmentally friendly

With the increase in environmental protection requirements, future research on refractory polyurethane foam materials will pay more attention to green environmental protection. For example, biodegradable amine catalysts and refractory additives are developed to reduce the environmental impact of the material.

4.2 High performance

Future research on refractory polyurethane foam materials will pay more attention to high performance. For example, develop materials with higher fire resistance and better mechanical properties to meet application needs in extreme environments.

4.3 Intelligent

With the development of intelligent technology, future research on refractory polyurethane foam materials will pay more attention to intelligence. For example, develop materials with self-healing functions to improve the service life and safety of the materials.

Conclusion

Remarkable progress has been made in the study of the application of polyurethane foam amine catalysts in the manufacturing of refractory foam materials. The refractory and mechanical properties of polyurethane foam are significantly improved by introducing refractory additives, optimizing amine catalysts, and developing multifunctional and composite catalyst systems. In the future, with the development of green, environmentally friendly, high-performance and intelligent technologies, refractory polyurethane foam materials will be widely used in more fields.

Appendix: Common refractory polyurethane foam material product parameter list

Product Number Density (kg/m³) Thermal conductivity (W/m·K) Fire resistance level Optimization measures
PU-001 40 0.025 B1 Add aluminum hydroxide
PU-002 50 0.030 A2 Phosamine Catalyst
PU-003 60 0.035 A1 Nanoclay composite
PU-004 45 0.028 B1 Composite Catalyst System
PU-005 55 0.032 A2 Multifunctional amine catalyst

Through the above content, we introduce in detail the new research progress of polyurethane foam amine catalysts in the manufacturing of refractory foam materials. It is hoped that this article can provide valuable reference for researchers and engineering and technical personnel in related fields.

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The practical effect of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst to improve the flexibility and strength of sports equipment

3月 8th, 2025 News

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in sports equipment: the practical effect of improving flexibility and strength

Introduction

With the rapid development of the sports equipment industry, consumers have increasingly demanded on the performance of equipment, especially in terms of flexibility and strength. To meet these needs, the field of materials science continues to explore new technologies and methods. As a new material additive, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst has been widely used in sports equipment manufacturing in recent years. This article will discuss in detail the characteristics, mechanism of action of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst and its practical effects in improving the flexibility and strength of sports equipment.

1. Basic concepts of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst

1.1 What is a delayed amine hard bubble catalyst?

The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst is a chemical additive used in the production of polyurethane foam materials. Its main function is to regulate the rate of polyurethane reaction, thereby controlling the foam formation process. Compared with conventional catalysts, the delayed amine-hard bubble catalyst has a longer reaction delay time, which allows the foam material to better control its microstructure during the molding process, thereby improving the performance of the final product.

1.2 Characteristics of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst

  • Delayed reaction time: Delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can prolong the time of polyurethane reaction, so that the foam material has more time to uniformly distribute and cure during the molding process.
  • High activity: Although the reaction time is delayed, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst has high activity after the reaction begins and can quickly complete the reaction.
  • Environmentality: Retarded amine hard bubble catalysts usually have low volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and meet environmental protection requirements.

1.3 Classification of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts

Depending on different application needs, delayed amine hard bubble catalysts can be divided into the following categories:

Type Features Application Fields
Low latency type The reaction delay time is short, suitable for rapid molding Sports soles and protective gear
Medium delay type The reaction delay time is moderate, suitable for medium-speed molding Sports equipment shells, handles
High Delay Type The reaction delay time is long, suitable for complex molding HighEnd sports equipment, customized products

2. The mechanism of action of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst

2.1 Basic principles of polyurethane reaction

Polyurethane reaction is a typical addition polymerization reaction, mainly including the reaction of isocyanate and polyol. During the reaction, isocyanate and polyol form carbamate bonds, and carbon dioxide gas is released at the same time to form a foam structure.

2.2 The role of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst

The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst controls the foam formation process by adjusting the reaction rate of isocyanate and polyol. The specific mechanism of action is as follows:

  1. Delaying reaction start time: Delaying amine hard bubble catalyst can prolong the reaction start time so that the reactants have more time to mix evenly.
  2. Accelerating reaction completion: Once the reaction begins, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can quickly increase the reaction speed to ensure that the foam material cures in a short time.
  3. Control foam structure: By adjusting the reaction speed, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can control the pore size and distribution of the foam, thereby improving the flexibility and strength of the material.

2.3 Effect of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst on foam structure

The impact of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst on foam structure is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Pore size: The retarded amine hard bubble catalyst can control the pore size of the foam. The smaller pore size helps improve the strength and durability of the material.
  • Pore size distribution: A uniform pore size distribution can improve the flexibility and impact resistance of the material.
  • Foam Density: By adjusting the reaction speed, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can control the density of the foam, thereby affecting the weight and strength of the material.

3. Application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in sports equipment

3.1 Requirements for material performance of sports equipment

The requirements for material performance of sports equipment mainly include the following aspects:

  • Flexibility: Sports equipment needs to have good flexibility to adapt to different sports movements and impact forces.
  • Strength: Sports equipment needs to be strong enough to withstand long-term use and impact.
  • Weight:The weight of sports equipment directly affects the user’s comfort and sports performance, so it is necessary to reduce weight as much as possible.
  • Durability: Sports equipment needs to have good durability to extend service life.

3.2 Examples of application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in sports equipment

3.2.1 Sports soles

Sports soles are a typical example of the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts in sports equipment. By using a delayed amine hard bubble catalyst, sports soles can have the following advantages:

  • Good cushioning performance: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can control the pore size and distribution of the foam, thereby improving the cushioning performance of the sole.
  • High elasticity: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can improve the elasticity of the sole, allowing athletes to obtain better support and feedback during exercise.
  • Lightweight: By adjusting the foam density, the delayed amine-retarded bubble catalyst can reduce the weight of the sole and improve the comfort of the athlete.

3.2.2 Sports Protectives

Sports protective gears such as knee pads, elbow pads, etc. also need to have good flexibility and strength. The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in sports protective gear is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • High flexibility: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can improve the flexibility of the protective gear, so that the protective gear can better fit the user’s body.
  • High strength: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can increase the strength of the protective gear and ensure that it can effectively protect the user during exercise.
  • Lightening: By adjusting the foam density, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can reduce the weight of the protective gear and improve user comfort.

3.2.3 Sports equipment shell

Sports equipment shells such as tennis rackets, badminton rackets, etc. also need to have good strength and flexibility. The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in sports equipment shells is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • High Strength: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can increase the strength of the shell and ensure that it can withstand shock and pressure during movement.
  • High flexibility: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can improve the flexibility of the shell, so that the equipment can better absorb impact forces during movement.
  • Lightweight: Through adjustmentFoam density, delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can reduce the weight of the shell and improve user handling.

3.3 Comparison of performance of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in different sports equipment

In order to more intuitively demonstrate the application effect of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts in different sports equipment, we have compiled the following performance comparison table:

Sports Equipment Flexibility Strength Weight Durability
Sports soles High High light High
Sports Protectives High High light High
Sports Equipment Housing in High light High

IV. Advantages and challenges of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst

4.1 Advantages

  • Improving material performance: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can significantly improve the flexibility and strength of sports equipment and improve the performance of equipment.
  • Environmentality: Delayed amine hard bubble catalysts usually have low VOC emissions and meet environmental protection requirements.
  • Wide Applicability: The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst is suitable for a variety of sports equipment and has a wide range of application prospects.

4.2 Challenge

  • High cost: The production cost of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst is higher, which may increase the manufacturing cost of sports equipment.
  • Technical threshold: The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst requires a high technical level, and manufacturers need to have corresponding technical capabilities.
  • Market Acceptance: Although delayed amine hard bubble catalysts have many advantages, their market acceptance still needs to be further improved.

5. Future development trends

5.1 Technological Innovation

With the continuous development of materials science, the technology of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst will continue to innovate,More high-performance, low-cost catalyst products may appear in the future.

5.2 Application Expansion

The application fields of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts will continue to expand, and may be used in more types of sports equipment in the future, such as high-end customized products, smart sports equipment, etc.

5.3 Environmental Protection Requirements

With the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the environmental performance of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts will be further optimized, and more low-VOC and pollution-free catalyst products may appear in the future.

Conclusion

As a new material additive, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst has significant effects in improving the flexibility and strength of sports equipment. By adjusting the rate of the polyurethane reaction, the delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can control the microstructure of the foam, thereby improving the performance of the material. Although faced with challenges such as high costs and high technical thresholds, with the continuous advancement of technology and the gradual acceptance of the market, the application prospects of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts in the field of sports equipment will be broader. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technological innovation and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, delayed amine hard bubble catalysts will play a more important role in the manufacturing of sports equipment.

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The innovative use of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in high-end furniture manufacturing: improving user comfort and safety

3月 8th, 2025 News

Innovative use of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in high-end furniture manufacturing: improving user comfort and safety

Introduction

As people’s requirements for quality of life continue to improve, the high-end furniture market has gradually become the focus of consumers’ attention. High-end furniture not only needs to have the characteristics of beauty and durability, but also needs to meet higher standards in terms of comfort and safety. In recent years, delayed amine hard bubble catalysts have been widely used in the field of furniture manufacturing as a new material. This article will introduce in detail the innovative use of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in high-end furniture manufacturing, and explore how it can improve user comfort and safety.

1. Basic concepts of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst

1.1 What is a delayed amine hard bubble catalyst?

The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst is a chemical additive used in the production of polyurethane foam. By delaying the reaction time, the foam can better control the foaming speed and curing time during the molding process, thereby obtaining a more uniform and delicate foam structure.

1.2 Working principle of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst

The delayed amine hard bubble catalysts can better control the formation and distribution of bubbles during foaming by adjusting the activity of amine compounds in the polyurethane reaction. This delay effect not only improves the uniformity of the foam, but also enhances the mechanical properties and durability of the foam.

2. Application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in furniture manufacturing

2.1 Application in sofa manufacturing

2.1.1 Improve sitting comfort

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in sofa manufacturing is mainly reflected in improving sitting comfort. By controlling the foaming speed and curing time of the foam, the sofa cushion can form a more uniform bubble structure, thereby providing better support and resilience.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Density (kg/m³) 30-40 40-50
Rounce rate (%) 50-60 60-70
Compression permanent deformation (%) 10-15 5-10

2.1.2 Enhanced durability

The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also enhance the durability of the sofa. By optimizing the foam structure,The sofa is not easy to deform during use, extending its service life.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Service life (years) 5-7 8-10
Deformation rate (%) 15-20 5-10

2.2 Application in mattress manufacturing

2.2.1 Improve sleep quality

In mattress manufacturing, the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts can significantly improve sleep quality. By controlling the foaming process, the mattress can form a more uniform support layer, providing better body fit and pressure dispersion.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Support layer thickness (cm) 5-7 7-10
Pressure dispersion effect (%) 60-70 80-90

2.2.2 Enhance antibacterial properties

The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also enhance the antibacterial properties of the mattress. By optimizing the foam structure, bacteria are not easily grown on the surface of the mattress, which improves the safety of use.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Antibacterial rate (%) 70-80 90-95
Bacterial Breeding Rate (%) 10-15 5-10

2.3 Application in chair manufacturing

2.3.1 Improve sitting comfort

In chair manufacturing, the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts can improve sitting comfort. By controlling the foaming process, the chair cushion can be shapedIt forms a more uniform support layer, providing better lumbar support and sitting posture correction effect.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Ladder support effect (%) 60-70 80-90
Sitting posture correction effect (%) 50-60 70-80

2.3.2 Enhance compressive performance

The delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also enhance the compressive resistance of the chair. By optimizing the foam structure, the chair is not easy to deform during use, extending its service life.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Compressive Strength (MPa) 0.5-0.7 0.8-1.0
Deformation rate (%) 10-15 5-10

3. Innovative application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in high-end furniture manufacturing

3.1 Personalized customization

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst enables personalized customization of high-end furniture manufacturing. By controlling the foaming process, furniture manufacturers can customize furniture of different hardness, thickness and shapes according to user needs to meet users’ personalized needs.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Customized Hardness (N) 50-70 70-90
Custom Thickness (cm) 5-7 7-10
Custom shape Limited Different

3.2 Environmental protectionCan improve

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also improve the environmental performance of high-end furniture. By optimizing the foam structure, furniture is not prone to release harmful gases during use, improving the safety of use.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Hazardous gas release (mg/m³) 0.5-0.7 0.2-0.4
Environmental Certification None Yes

3.3 Intelligent Application

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also promote the intelligent development of high-end furniture. By controlling the foaming process, furniture manufacturers can develop furniture with intelligent adjustment functions, such as smart mattresses, smart sofas, etc., to further enhance the user’s user experience.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Intelligent adjustment function None Yes
User Experience General Excellent

IV. The safety improvement of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in high-end furniture manufacturing

4.1 Fire resistance performance improvement

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can significantly improve the fire resistance of high-end furniture. By optimizing the foam structure, furniture is not easy to burn during use, improving the safety of use.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Fuel rate (mm/min) 10-15 5-10
Fire Protection Level B1 A1

4.2 Improved antistatic performance

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also beImprove the anti-static performance of high-end furniture. By optimizing the foam structure, furniture is not prone to static electricity during use, which improves the safety of use.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Static electrostatic generation (kV) 1.5-2.0 0.5-1.0
Antistatic grade General Excellent

4.3 Improved anti-aging performance

The application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also improve the anti-aging performance of high-end furniture. By optimizing the foam structure, furniture is not easy to age during use, extending its service life.

parameters Traditional bubble Retarded amine hard bubble catalyst foam
Aging rate (%) 10-15 5-10
Service life (years) 5-7 8-10

5. Future development trend of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in high-end furniture manufacturing

5.1 Material Innovation

With the continuous advancement of technology, the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts in high-end furniture manufacturing will continue to be innovative. In the future, the research and development of new delayed amine hard bubble catalysts will further improve the comfort and safety of furniture.

parameters Current delayed amine hard bubble catalyst Future delayed amine hard bubble catalyst
Density (kg/m³) 40-50 50-60
Rounce rate (%) 60-70 70-80
Antibacterial rate (%) 90-95 95-98

5.2 Intelligent development

In the future, the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts will promote the intelligent development of high-end furniture. By controlling the foaming process, furniture manufacturers can develop more furniture with intelligent adjustment functions to further enhance the user experience.

parameters Current delayed amine hard bubble catalyst Future delayed amine hard bubble catalyst
Intelligent adjustment function Yes More
User Experience Excellent Excellent

5.3 Improvement of environmental protection performance

In the future, the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst will further improve the environmental protection performance of high-end furniture. By optimizing the foam structure, furniture will be more environmentally friendly during use and meet the requirements of sustainable development.

parameters Current delayed amine hard bubble catalyst Future delayed amine hard bubble catalyst
Hazardous gas release (mg/m³) 0.2-0.4 0.1-0.2
Environmental Certification Yes More

Conclusion

The innovative use of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst in high-end furniture manufacturing not only improves user comfort, but also significantly enhances the safety of furniture. By controlling the foaming process, furniture manufacturers can produce more uniform and delicate foam structures, providing better support and resilience. In addition, the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalyst can also improve the durability, antibacterial properties, fire resistance and antistatic properties of furniture, and extend the service life of furniture. In the future, with the continuous advancement of material innovation and intelligent development, the application of delayed amine hard bubble catalysts in high-end furniture manufacturing will become more widely used, bringing users a more comfortable and safe user experience.

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