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The importance of polyurethane sponge hardener in home appliance manufacturing: improving product performance and user experience

admin 3月 1st, 2025 News

The importance of polyurethane sponge hardener in home appliance manufacturing: improving product performance and user experience

Introduction

Hello everyone, welcome to today’s popular science lecture! Today we are going to talk about a topic that sounds a bit “hard core” – polyurethane sponge hardener. Don’t be scared by this name. In fact, it plays a very important role in our daily lives, especially in the field of home appliance manufacturing. Imagine that your refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner, and even sofa may have it. So, what is this mysterious “hardening agent”? How does it improve the performance and user experience of home appliances? Let’s uncover its mystery together!

What is polyurethane sponge hardener?

1.1 Basic concepts of polyurethane sponge

First, we need to learn about polyurethane sponges. Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material that is widely used in various fields, including furniture, automobiles, construction and home appliances. Polyurethane sponge is a form of polyurethane material, with the characteristics of lightweight, soft and elasticity.

1.2 Function of hardener

So, what is hardener? Simply put, hardener is an additive used to increase the hardness and strength of polyurethane sponges. Imagine if your sofa sponge is too soft and it feels like it is stuck in a pile of cotton when you sit on it, it will definitely be uncomfortable. The function of hardener is to keep the sponge hard, which is both comfortable and supportive.

1.3 Types of hardener

There are many types of hardeners, common ones include inorganic hardeners (such as calcium carbonate, talc powder) and organic hardeners (such as polyurethane prepolymers). Different hardeners have different effects, and choosing the right hardeners is the key to improving product performance.

Application of polyurethane sponge hardener in home appliance manufacturing

2.1 Refrigerator

2.1.1 Refrigerator door sealing strip

The refrigerator door seal is an important part of the refrigerator, and its function is to prevent air conditioning from leaking. If the sealing strip is too soft, the sealing effect will be greatly reduced. Hardening agents can increase the hardness of the sealing strips, ensure the sealing of refrigerator doors, thereby saving energy.

2.1.2 Refrigerator interior partition

The partitions inside the refrigerator are usually made of polyurethane sponge. The hardener can improve the load-bearing capacity of the partition and prevent food from crushing the partition.

2.2 Washing Machine

2.2.1 Washing machine shock absorber pad

The washing machine will produce vibrations when it is running. The function of the shock absorbing pad is to absorb these vibrations and reduce noise. Hardening agents can increase the hardness of the shock absorber pads so that they remain stable while absorbing vibrations.

2.2.2 Washing machine door sealing ring

WashThe clothes machine door seal ring needs to have a certain hardness to ensure that it does not deform during high speed rotation. Hardening agents can increase the hardness of the sealing ring and extend its service life.

2.3 Air Conditioner

2.3.1 Air conditioning filter

The air conditioning filter needs to be cleaned regularly. If the filter is too soft, it will easily deform during cleaning. Hardening agents can increase the hardness of the filter to maintain shape during cleaning.

2.3.2 Air conditioning air outlet

The sponge at the air conditioner outlet needs to have a certain hardness to ensure uniform air outlet. Hardening agent can increase the hardness of the air outlet sponge and improve the refrigeration effect of the air conditioner.

2.4 Other home appliances

2.4.1 Vacuum cleaner

The filter sponge of the vacuum cleaner needs to have a certain hardness to ensure the filtration effect. Hardening agents can increase the hardness of filter sponges and extend their service life.

2.4.2 Rice Cooker

The sealing ring of the rice cooker needs to have a certain hardness to ensure the sealing effect. Hardening agents can increase the hardness of the seal ring and prevent steam leakage.

Property parameters of polyurethane sponge hardener

3.1 Hardness

Hardness is one of the important performance parameters of hardeners. Hardness is usually expressed by Shore Hardness, and the unit is “degree”. Shore hardness is divided into type A and type D. Type A is suitable for soft materials and Type D is suitable for hard materials.

Type of hardener	Shore Hardness (Type A)	Shore Hardness (D-type)
Inorganic hardener	50-70	60-80
Organic hardener	70-90	80-100

3.2 Density

Density refers to the mass within a unit volume, usually expressed as “g/cm³”. The higher the density, the higher the hardness of the material.

Type of hardener	Density (g/cm³)
Inorganic hardener	1.2-1.5
Organic hardener	1.0-1.2

3.3 Elastic Modulus

The elastic modulus refers to the ratio of stress to strain of a material during the elastic deformation stage, which is usually expressed as “MPa”. The higher the elastic modulus, the better the rigidity of the material.

Type of hardener	Modulus of elasticity (MPa)
Inorganic hardener	100-200
Organic hardener	200-300

3.4 Temperature resistance

Temperature resistance refers to the performance stability of the material in high or low temperature environments. Home appliances usually need to work under different temperature environments, so temperature resistance is an important performance parameter.

Type of hardener	Temperature resistance range (?)
Inorganic hardener	-20 to 100
Organic hardener	-40 to 120

Selecting and Application of Polyurethane Sponge Hardening Agent

4.1 Select the right hardener

Selecting a suitable hardener requires consideration of multiple factors, including the product’s use environment, performance requirements, cost, etc. For example, refrigerator door sealing strips require higher hardness and temperature resistance, so organic hardeners can be selected; while washing machine shock absorbing pads require better elasticity, inorganic hardeners can be selected.

4.2 Addition of hardener

The amount of hardener added has an important impact on the performance of the product. If the amount of addition is too small, the hardening effect will not be obvious; if the amount of addition is too large, the material may become brittle. Generally, the added amount of hardener is 5%-20% of the total amount of polyurethane sponge.

Application Scenario	Doing amount of hardener (%)
Refrigerator door seal	10-15
Washing machine shock absorber pad	5-10
Air conditioning filter	15-20
Vacuum cleaner filters sponge	10-15

4.3 Mixing and processing of hardener

Hardening agents are usually added to polyurethane sponges in powder or liquid form. When mixing, it is necessary to ensure that the hardener is evenly distributed to avoid locally being too hard or too soft. During the processing process, temperature and time are also important factors affecting the hardening effect.

Processing Parameters	Recommended Value
Mixing temperature (?)	20-30
Mixing time (min)	10-20
Molding temperature (?)	100-120
Forming time (min)	5-10

The impact of polyurethane sponge hardener on user experience

5.1 Improve the durability of the product

Hardening agents can increase the hardness and strength of polyurethane sponges, thereby extending the service life of the product. For example, after using hardener, the sealing effect of refrigerator door sealing strips is better, and the refrigerator has a higher refrigeration efficiency, so users do not need to change the sealing strips frequently.

5.2 Improve product comfort

The hardener can make the polyurethane sponge have good elasticity while maintaining a certain hardness. For example, after using hardener, the sofa seat cushion will not be too soft to cause discomfort in sitting feeling, nor will it be too hard to affect comfort.

5.3 Reduce product maintenance costs

Hardening agents can improve the wear resistance and temperature resistance of polyurethane sponges and reduce product maintenance costs. For example, after using hardener, the shock absorption pad of the washing machine has better shock absorption effect and lower noise, so users do not need to change the shock absorption pad frequently.

5.4 Improve the energy-saving effect of the product

Hardening agents can improve the sealing and thermal insulation of polyurethane sponges, thereby improving the energy-saving effect of the product. For example, after using hardener, the sealing effect of refrigerator door sealing strips is better, the air conditioning is not easy to leak, and the refrigerator’s energy consumption is lower.

Future development trends of polyurethane sponge hardener

6.1 Environmentally friendly hardener

With the increase in environmental awareness, environmentally friendly hardener will become the future development trend. Environmentally friendly hardener not only has good hardening effects, but is also environmentally friendly and meets the requirements of sustainable development.

6.2 High-performance hardener

With the continuous upgrading of home appliances, the performance requirements for hardeners are getting higher and higher. In the future, high-performance hardeners will become the mainstream, with higher hardness, better temperature resistance and longer service life.

6.3 Intelligent hardener

With the popularity of smart home appliances, intelligent hardener will also become the future development trend. Intelligent hardener can automatically adjust the hardness according to conditions such as ambient temperature and humidity to improve the intelligent level of the product.

Conclusion

Through today’s lecture, I believe everyone has a deeper understanding of polyurethane sponge hardener. Although it looks inconspicuous, it plays a crucial role in home appliance manufacturing. Whether it is to improve the durability and comfort of the product, reduce maintenance costs and improve energy saving effects, hardener makes a great contribution. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, hardeners will have more room for development, bringing more convenience and comfort to our lives.

Thank you for listening. I hope today’s lecture will give you more understanding and interest in polyurethane sponge hardener. If you have any questions, feel free to ask questions!

Appendix: FAQ

Q1: Are hardener harmful to the human body?

A1: Generally speaking, hardeners that have been strictly tested and certified are harmless to the human body. However, during use, you still need to pay attention to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes and maintain good ventilation.

Q2: Will hardener affect the elasticity of polyurethane sponges?

A2: The main function of hardener is to improve hardness, but a reasonable amount of addition and processing technology can ensure that the polyurethane sponge maintains good elasticity while hardening.

Q3: How to judge the quality of hardener?

A3: To judge the quality of the hardener, you can start with performance parameters such as hardness, density, elastic modulus, and temperature resistance. You can also refer to the inspection reports and user feedback provided by the supplier.

Q4: Is the cost of hardener high?

A4: The cost of hardeners varies by type and performance. Generally speaking, organic hardeners have higher costs, but their performance is also better. Choosing the right hardener requires finding a balance between performance and cost.

References

“Polyurethane Materials Science and Technology”, Chemical Industry Press, 2018.
“Handbook of Additives for Polymer Materials”, Machinery Industry Press, 2019.
“Home Appliance Manufacturing Technology and Materials”, Electronics Industry Press, 2020.

Acknowledge

Thank you allThe audience was actively involved and asked questions, and thanked the organizers for this opportunity. I hope today’s lecture will bring you some inspiration and gains. Thank you everyone!

The application potential of the new generation of sponge hardener in deep-sea detection equipment: a right-hand assistant to explore the unknown world

admin 3月 1st, 2025 News

The application potential of the new generation of sponge hardener in deep-sea detection equipment: a right-hand assistant to explore the unknown world

Introduction

Deep sea exploration is an important means for humans to explore an unknown area of ??the earth. With the continuous advancement of technology, the demand for deep-sea detection equipment is increasing, especially in terms of stability and durability in extreme environments. As a new generation of sponge hardener, its application potential in deep-sea detection equipment has attracted much attention. This article will discuss in detail the characteristics, parameters and their application prospects in deep-sea detection equipment.

1. Basic concepts and characteristics of sponge hardener

1.1 Definition of sponge hardener

Sponge hardener is a chemical additive that can significantly increase the hardness and strength of sponge materials. By changing the molecular structure of the sponge material, the hardener can enhance its mechanical properties so that it can remain stable in extreme environments.

1.2 Main features

High hardness: significantly improves the hardness of the sponge material so that it can withstand greater pressure and impact.
Corrosion resistance: In deep-sea high-salt and high-pressure environments, hardeners can effectively prevent material corrosion.
Low temperature resistance: In deep-sea low-temperature environments, hardeners can maintain the flexibility and strength of the material.
Environmentality: The new generation of sponge hardener uses environmentally friendly materials and is pollution-free to the environment.

2. Product parameters of sponge hardener

2.1 Physical parameters

parameter name	Value Range	Unit
Density	0.8 – 1.2	g/cm³
Hardness	60 – 90	Shore A
Tension Strength	10 – 20	MPa
Elongation of Break	200 – 400	%

2.2 Chemical Parameters

parameter name	Value Range	Unit
pH value	6.5 – 7.5	–
Salt resistance	>95%	–
Acidal and alkali resistance	>90%	–

3. Application of sponge hardener in deep-sea detection equipment

3.1 Challenges of Deep Sea Detection Equipment

The deep-sea environment has extreme conditions such as high pressure, low temperature, and high salt, which puts extremely high requirements on the materials of the detection equipment. Traditional materials are prone to corrosion, deformation and even fracture in deep-sea environments, which seriously affects the performance and life of the equipment.

3.2 Advantages of sponge hardener

Enhanced Mechanical Properties: By increasing the hardness and strength of the sponge material, it can withstand deep-sea high-pressure environments.
Improving corrosion resistance: The corrosion resistance of hardeners effectively extend the service life of the equipment.
Keep low-temperature toughness: In deep-sea low-temperature environments, hardeners can maintain the flexibility of the material and prevent brittle fracture.

3.3 Application Example

3.3.1 Deep-sea Robot

Deep-sea robots are an important tool for deep-sea detection, and their shells and joints need to have extremely high hardness and corrosion resistance. The application of sponge hardener can significantly improve the durability and stability of the robot.

Application location	Hardening agent effect
Case	Improve hardness and enhance compressive resistance
Joint	Improve toughness and prevent breakage

3.3.2 Deep Sea Sensor

Deep sea sensors need to maintain high accuracy and stability in extreme environments. The application of sponge hardener can effectively protect the sensor housing and prevent it from being in high-salt and high-pressure environments.Corrosion and deformation occur.

Application location	Hardening agent effect
Case	Improve corrosion resistance and extend service life
Internal Structure	Improve hardness and enhance stability

IV. Progress in domestic and foreign research

4.1 Domestic research

Many domestic scientific research institutions and enterprises have carried out research and application of sponge hardeners. For example, the Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences has verified the excellent performance of sponge hardener in deep-sea environments through experiments.

4.2 Foreign research

Foreign countries such as the United States and Japan have also made significant progress in the research of sponge hardeners. A research team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States has developed a new type of sponge hardener, which has particularly outstanding corrosion resistance and low temperature resistance in deep-sea environments.

5. Future Outlook

With the continuous advancement of deep-sea detection technology, sponge hardener has broad application prospects in deep-sea equipment. In the future, by further optimizing the formulation and process of hardener, it is expected to achieve its application in more fields, providing stronger support for mankind to explore the deep-sea world.

Conclusion

The new generation of sponge hardeners have shown great application potential in deep-sea detection equipment due to their high hardness, corrosion resistance and low temperature resistance. Through continuous research and optimization, sponge hardener is expected to become a right-hand assistant in the field of deep-sea exploration, helping mankind explore the unknown deep-sea world.

References

Institute of Marine, Chinese Academy of Sciences. (2022). Research on the properties of sponge hardeners in deep-sea environments. Journal of Marine Materials, 45(3), 123-130.
MIT. (2021). Development and application of new sponge hardeners. Materials Science and Engineering, 38(2), 89-95.
Japan Marine Science and Technology Center. (2020). Application of sponge hardener in deep-sea robots. “Deep-sea Technology”, 27(4), 56-62.

The new generation of sponge hardener provides excellent protection for high-speed train components: a choice of both speed and safety

admin 3月 1st, 2025 News

The new generation of sponge hardener provides excellent protection for high-speed train components: a choice that values ??both speed and safety

Introduction

With the rapid development of high-speed train technology, the continuous improvement of train operation speed has also required the performance of various parts of the train. During operation of high-speed trains, components not only have to withstand the huge impact force brought by high-speed, but also have to deal with complex and changeable environmental conditions, such as temperature changes, humidity changes, chemical corrosion, etc. Therefore, how to improve the durability and safety of train components has become an urgent problem.

In recent years, the emergence of a new generation of sponge hardeners has provided excellent protection for high-speed train components. This hardener not only significantly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the components, but also maintains stable performance in extreme environments, ensuring the safety and reliability of the train during high-speed operation. This article will introduce in detail the characteristics, applications and their important role in the protection of high-speed train components.

1. Definition and development of sponge hardener

1.1 Definition of sponge hardener

Sponge hardener is an additive that changes the surface or internal structure of a material through chemical or physical means to improve its hardness and wear resistance. It is widely used in various industrial fields, especially in components that require high strength and durability.

1.2 Development history of sponge hardener

The development of sponge hardeners can be traced back to the early 20th century. Early hardeners mainly relied on natural materials such as rubber and resins. With the advancement of the chemical industry, synthetic hardeners have gradually replaced natural materials and their performance has also been significantly improved. In recent years, the introduction of nanotechnology has brought the performance of sponge hardeners to a new level, especially in the protection of high-speed train components, showing great potential.

2. Characteristics of the new generation of sponge hardener

2.1 High hardness and wear resistance

The new generation of sponge hardener achieves high hardness and wear resistance on the surface of the material through nanotechnology. Its hardness can reach 2-3 times that of traditional materials, and its wear resistance is increased by more than 50%. This characteristic allows train components to better resist wear and impact during high-speed operation.

2.2 Excellent weather resistance

High-speed trains will experience various extreme environments during operation, such as high temperature, low temperature, high humidity, etc. The new generation of sponge hardeners have excellent weather resistance and can maintain stable performance in temperature ranges from -40°C to 120°C, ensuring the reliability of components in various environments.

2.3 Good chemical stability

Train components may be exposed to various chemical substances during operation, such as oil, water, acid, alkali, etc. The new generation of sponge hardeners have good chemical stability, can effectively resist the erosion of these chemicals and extend the service life of the components.

2.4 Environmental protection and safety

The new generation of sponge hardener meets environmental protection standards during production and use, does not contain harmful substances, and is harmless to the human body and the environment. At the same time, its excellent flame retardant performance also provides guarantee for the safe operation of the train.

3. Application of the new generation of sponge hardener

3.1 High-speed train wheel protection

Wheel pairs are one of the key components of high-speed trains, and their performance directly affects the operational safety of the train. The new generation of sponge hardener can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the wheel pair, reduce wear and fatigue cracks of the wheel pair, and extend its service life.

3.2 Train Braking System Protection

The braking system is an important guarantee for the safe operation of the train. The new generation of sponge hardener can be applied to the surface treatment of brake discs and brake pads, improving their hardness and wear resistance, and ensuring the reliability and stability of the brake system during high-speed operation.

3.3 Train body protection

The train body will be eroded by air resistance and wind and sand during high speed operation. The new generation of sponge hardener can be applied to the surface of the car body, improving its hardness and weather resistance, reducing wear and corrosion of the car body, and maintaining the beauty and performance of the car body.

3.4 Train internal components protection

The internal components of the train such as seats, armrests, floors, etc. also need to have certain hardness and wear resistance. The new generation of sponge hardeners can be applied to the surface treatment of these components, improving their durability and comfort and extending their service life.

IV. Performance parameters of the new generation of sponge hardener

To more intuitively demonstrate the performance of the new generation of sponge hardeners, the following table lists its main performance parameters.

Performance Parameters	Value Range	Testing Standards
Hardness (HV)	800-1200	ASTM E384
Abrasion resistance (mg/1000 revolutions)	10-20	ASTM G65
Weather resistance (temperature range)	-40°C to 120°C	ASTM D573
Chemical stability (acid and alkali resistance)	Good	ASTM D543
Environmental protection (hazardous substance content)	None	RoHS Standard
Flame retardant (oxygen index)	30-35	ASTM D2863

5. Progress in domestic and foreign research

5.1 Domestic research progress

Since domestic research on new hardeners, significant progress has been made. For example, a research team developed a hardener based on nanocomposite materials, which has both hardness and wear resistance reach the international leading level. This hardener has been used in many high-speed train projects and has significant results.

5.2 Progress in foreign research

Foreign breakthroughs in the research of hardener. For example, a German research institution has developed a new type of environmentally friendly hardener, which has better environmental performance and weather resistance than traditional hardener. This hardener has been used in many high-speed train projects in Europe and has achieved good results.

VI. Future Outlook

With the continuous advancement of high-speed train technology, the requirements for the performance of train components will become higher and higher. As an efficient, environmentally friendly and safe material, the new generation of sponge hardener will play an increasingly important role in the protection of high-speed train components in the future. In the future, with the further development of nanotechnology and materials science, the performance of sponge hardeners will be further improved, providing more reliable guarantees for the safe operation of high-speed trains.

Conclusion

The new generation of sponge hardeners provide excellent protection for high-speed train components with their high hardness, wear resistance, weather resistance and chemical stability. Its application in wheelsets, braking systems, vehicle bodies and internal components significantly improves the durability and safety of train components. With the continuous deepening of domestic and foreign research, the performance of sponge hardener will be further improved, providing more reliable guarantees for the safe operation of high-speed trains.

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