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Practical Guide to Improving Production Efficiency by Semi-hard Bubble Catalyst TMR-3

2月 15th, 2025 News

Introduction

Semi-hard bubble catalyst TMR-3 is a highly efficient catalyst widely used in the production of polyurethane foams. It has attracted much attention for its excellent catalytic properties and wide applicability. With the increasing global demand for environmental protection, energy conservation and efficient production, how to improve production efficiency while ensuring product quality has become a common challenge faced by all enterprises. As a high-performance catalyst, TMR-3 can not only significantly shorten the reaction time, but also effectively improve the physical properties of foam and reduce production costs. Therefore, it has important application value in the polyurethane foam industry.

This article aims to provide enterprises using TMR-3 catalysts with a detailed best practice guide to help them optimize their production processes and improve production efficiency. The article will conduct in-depth discussions on the basic characteristics, application scenarios, operating parameters, process optimization, common problems and solutions of TMR-3, and combine them with new research results at home and abroad to provide scientific and systematic guidance to enterprises. Through reading this article, readers will be able to fully understand the characteristics and advantages of TMR-3 catalysts, master their application skills in actual production, and thus maximize production efficiency.

Basic Characteristics of TMR-3 Catalyst

TMR-3 catalyst is an organometallic compound specially used in the production of polyurethane foams, and its chemical name is Trimethyltin Salt. The catalyst has high efficiency catalytic activity and can significantly accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at a lower dosage, thereby shortening the foaming time and improving the physical properties of the foam. The following are the main characteristics of TMR-3 catalyst:

1. Chemical structure and composition

The chemical structure of the TMR-3 catalyst is shown in formula (1):
[ text{Sn(CH}_3text{)}_3X ]
Among them, X represents a halogen ion (such as Cl?, Br?, etc.), and the specific halogen type will affect the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. The molecular weight of TMR-3 is about 265 g/mol, a density of 1.45 g/cm³, a melting point of -20°C and a boiling point of 180°C. It has good chemical stability, but it may decompose under high temperature or strong acid or alkali conditions.

2. Catalytic activity

The catalytic activity of TMR-3 catalyst is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Fast Reaction: TMR-3 can significantly shorten the reaction time between isocyanate and polyol, and the foaming process can usually be completed within seconds to minutes. This greatly shortens the production cycle and improves the efficiency of the production line.

  • Broad Spectrum Applicability: TMR-3 is suitable for the production of various types of polyurethane foams, including soft bubbles, hard bubbles, semi-hard bubbles and microcell foams. It exhibits good compatibility with different types of polyols and isocyanates and can play a stable catalytic role in different formulation systems.

  • High selectivity: TMR-3 catalyst has high selectivity and can preferentially promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol and reduce the occurrence of side reactions. This helps improve the quality of the foam and reduces the scrap rate.

3. Physical properties

The physical properties of TMR-3 catalyst are shown in Table 1:

parameters value
Appearance Colorless to light yellow transparent liquid
Density (g/cm³) 1.45
Viscosity (mPa·s, 25°C) 10-20
Solution Easy soluble in organic solvents, hard to soluble in water
Melting point (°C) -20
Boiling point (°C) 180

4. Safety and Environmental Impact

TMR-3 catalyst is an organometallic compound and has certain toxicity. Therefore, appropriate safety protection measures need to be taken during use. According to the Chemical Safety Technical Instructions (MSDS), TMR-3 should be avoided from contact with the skin and eyes, and inhaling its vapor may also cause harm to human health. It is recommended to operate in a well-ventilated environment and wear appropriate personal protective equipment (such as gloves, goggles, etc.).

In addition, the environmental impact of TMR-3 is also worthy of attention. Research shows that TMR-3 is difficult to degrade in the natural environment and may cause long-term pollution to water and soil. Therefore, its emissions should be strictly controlled during production and use to avoid adverse effects on the environment. According to the EU Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), TMR-3 has been listed as a chemical that needs to be paid attention to, and enterprises should comply with relevant regulatory requirements when using it.

Application scenarios of TMR-3 catalyst

TMR-3 catalyst has been widely used in the production of polyurethane foams due to its efficient catalytic properties and wide applicability. Depending on different types of foam products, TMR-3It can be used in the following main application scenarios:

1. Semi-hard foam production

Semi-Rigid Foam is a polyurethane foam material between soft bubbles and hard bubbles. It has good elasticity and rigidity and is widely used in car seats, furniture cushions, and packaging materials. and other fields. The application of TMR-3 catalyst in semi-hard bubble production is particularly prominent, mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Shorten foaming time: TMR-3 can significantly accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, shortening the foaming time from traditional minutes to dozens of seconds, greatly improving production efficiency .

  • Improving foam density: By adjusting the dosage of TMR-3, the density of the foam can be accurately controlled, so that it can maintain a low weight while meeting the strength requirements, reducing material costs.

  • Improving foam toughness: TMR-3 catalyst can promote the uniform distribution of the internal structure of the foam, reduce pore defects, thereby improving the toughness and impact resistance of the foam, and extending the service life of the product.

2. Soft bubble production

Flexible Foam is a low-density and high-elastic polyurethane foam material, mainly used in household items such as mattresses, sofas, pillows, etc. Although TMR-3 catalysts are not as widely used in soft bubble production as in semi-hard bubbles, TMR-3 can still play an important role in some special occasions:

  • Accelerate the reaction speed: In some soft bubble products that require rapid molding, TMR-3 can shorten the production cycle by accelerating the reaction and improve the efficiency of the production line.

  • Improve the feel of foam: By reasonably adjusting the dosage of TMR-3, the feel and resilience of the foam can be optimized, making it softer and more comfortable, and in line with the needs of the high-end market.

3. Hard bubble production

Rigid Foam is a high-strength, low-density polyurethane foam material, which is widely used in building insulation, refrigeration equipment, pipeline insulation and other fields. The application of TMR-3 catalyst in hard bubble production is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Improving foam strength: TMR-3 can promote the formation of the internal crosslinked structure of the foam, enhance the mechanical strength of the foam, so that it is not easy to deform or break when under high pressure.

  • Reduce thermal conductivity: By optimizing the dosage of TMR-3, the thermal conductivity of the foam can be further reduced, its insulation performance can be improved, and the requirements of building energy saving.

  • Reduce pore defects: TMR-3 catalyst can effectively reduce pore defects in foam, improve the denseness of the foam, thereby improving its durability and anti-aging properties.

4. Microcell foam production

Microcellular Foam is a polyurethane foam material with a microporous structure, which is widely used in electronics, medical, aerospace and other fields. The application of TMR-3 catalyst in microporous foam production is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Precise control of pore size: By adjusting the dosage and reaction conditions of TMR-3, the pore size in the foam can be accurately controlled, so that it can maintain good breathability while meeting the mechanical performance requirements and Sound insulation effect.

  • Improving foam uniformity: TMR-3 catalyst can promote the uniform distribution of pores inside the foam, reduce local defects, and thus improve the overall performance and consistency of the foam.

  • Reduce production difficulty: The production process of microporous foam is relatively complex. TMR-3 catalyst can simplify the production process by accelerating the reaction, reduce production difficulty, and improve yield.

Operating parameters of TMR-3 catalyst

To ensure the excellent performance of TMR-3 catalysts in polyurethane foam production, its operating parameters must be strictly controlled. The following are the recommended operating parameters of TMR-3 catalyst in different application scenarios:

1. Temperature control

Temperature is one of the key factors affecting the catalytic activity of TMR-3. Generally speaking, the catalytic activity of TMR-3 increases with the increase of temperature, but excessive temperatures may lead to side reactions and affect the quality of the foam. Therefore, in actual production, the appropriate reaction temperature range should be selected according to the specific product type and process requirements.

  • Semi-hard bubble: The recommended reaction temperature is 70-90°C. Within this temperature range, TMR-3 can fully exert its catalytic effect while avoiding the occurrence of side reactions. If the temperature is too high (>90°C), it may cause cracks or pore defects on the foam surface; if the temperature is too low (<70°C), it may cause too slow reaction speed and prolong production cycle.

  • Soft bubbles: The recommended reaction temperature is 60-80°C. Because the density of soft bubbles is low, the reaction temperature should not be too high to avoid affecting the elasticity and feel of the foam. Within this temperature range, TMR-3 can effectively accelerate the reaction while maintaining the softness of the foam.

  • hard bubble: The recommended reaction temperature is 80-100°C. The density of hard bubbles is high and the reaction temperature can be appropriately increased to ensure the uniformity and strength of the internal structure of the foam. However, attention should be paid to avoid excessive temperature (>100°C) to avoid burning on the foam surface.

  • Microcell foam: The recommended reaction temperature is 50-70°C. Temperature control is particularly important in the production process of microporous foam. Too high temperatures may lead to excessive pores, affecting the mechanical properties of the foam; too low temperatures may lead to uneven pores and reducing the quality of the foam.

2. Reaction time

TMR-3 catalyst can significantly shorten the foaming time of polyurethane foam, but too short reaction time may lead to uneven internal structure of the foam, affecting product quality. Therefore, in actual production, the reaction time should be reasonably controlled according to the specific product type and process requirements.

  • Semi-hard bubble: The recommended reaction time is 10-30 seconds. During this time, TMR-3 can fully catalyze the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, so that the foam can quickly foam and shape. If the reaction time is too long (>30 seconds), bubbles or depressions may occur on the surface of the foam; if the reaction time is too short (<10 seconds), it may lead to uneven internal structure of the foam, affecting its mechanical properties.

  • Soft bubbles: The recommended reaction time is 30-60 seconds. Due to the low density of soft bubbles, the reaction time can be appropriately extended to ensure uniformity and elasticity of the internal structure of the foam. During this time, TMR-3 is able to effectively accelerate the reaction while maintaining the softness of the foam.

  • hard bubble: The recommended reaction time is 10-20 seconds. The density of hard bubbles is high and the reaction time can be appropriately shortened to ensure the uniformity and strength of the internal structure of the foam. However, attention should be paid to avoid short reaction time (<10 seconds) to avoid cracks or pore defects on the foam surface.

  • Microcell foam: The recommended reaction time is 5-15 seconds. During the production process of microporous foam, the control of reaction time is particularly important. Excessive reaction time may lead toThis causes too large pores to affect the mechanical properties of the foam; a short reaction time may lead to uneven pores and reduce the quality of the foam.

3. Catalyst dosage

The amount of TMR-3 catalyst is used directly affecting its catalytic activity and the physical properties of the foam. Generally speaking, the dosage of TMR-3 should be adjusted according to the specific product type and process requirements. Excessive amounts may cause cracks or pore defects on the foam surface; too small amounts may cause too slow reaction speed and prolong production cycle.

  • Semi-hard bubble: The recommended catalyst dosage is 0.5-1.5 wt%. Within this range, TMR-3 can fully exert its catalytic effect while avoiding the occurrence of side reactions. If the dosage is too large (>1.5 wt%), it may cause cracks or pore defects on the foam surface; if the dosage is too small (<0.5 wt%), it may cause too slow reaction speed and prolong production cycle.

  • Soft bubble: The recommended catalyst dosage is 0.3-0.8 wt%. Due to the low density of soft bubbles, the amount of catalyst can be appropriately reduced to avoid affecting the elasticity and feel of the foam. Within this range, TMR-3 is able to effectively accelerate the reaction while maintaining the softness of the foam.

  • hard bubble: The recommended catalyst dosage is 1.0-2.0 wt%. The density of hard bubbles is high, and the amount of catalyst can be appropriately increased to ensure the uniformity and strength of the internal structure of the foam. However, attention should be paid to avoid excessive use (>2.0 wt%) to avoid cracks or pore defects on the foam surface.

  • Microcell foam: The recommended catalyst dosage is 0.5-1.0 wt%. During the production process of microporous foam, the control of the amount of catalyst is particularly important. Excessive amounts may lead to excessive pores, affecting the mechanical properties of the foam; excessive amounts may lead to uneven pores and reducing the quality of the foam.

4. Other operating parameters

In addition to temperature, reaction time and catalyst dosage, there are some other operating parameters that can also affect the performance of TMR-3 catalyst, mainly including:

  • Stirring speed: Too fast stirring speed may lead to uneven pores inside the foam, affecting its mechanical properties; too slow stirring speed may lead to insufficient reaction and prolong the production cycle. It is generally recommended that the stirring speed is 500-1000 rpm.

  • Raw Material Ratio: The ratio of isocyanate to polyol should be adjusted according to the specific product type and process requirements. Generally speaking, the amount of isocyanate should be used slightly higher than that of the polyol to ensure complete reaction. The recommended ratio of isocyanate to polyol is 1.05-1.15:1.

  • Addants: In certain special occasions, an appropriate amount of plasticizer, stabilizer, foaming agent and other additives can also be added to further optimize the performance of the foam. For example, adding an appropriate amount of silicone oil can improve the surface smoothness of the foam; adding an appropriate amount of flame retardant can improve the fire resistance of the foam.

Process optimization of TMR-3 catalyst

In order to further improve the application effect of TMR-3 catalyst in polyurethane foam production, enterprises can optimize the process in the following ways:

1. Premixing process

Premixing process refers to premixing the TMR-3 catalyst with polyol or other additives before reaction, and then reacting with isocyanate. This method can effectively improve the dispersion of the catalyst, ensure that it is evenly distributed during the reaction, and thus improve the catalytic efficiency. Research shows that the use of premixing technology can increase the catalytic efficiency of TMR-3 by 10%-20%, significantly shorten the foaming time and improve production efficiency.

2. Adding in step

Step feeding refers to adding TMR-3 catalyst in multiple times during the reaction, rather than adding all the catalyst at one time. This method can effectively control the reaction rate and avoid side reactions caused by excessive catalyst concentration. Research shows that the use of step-by-step feeding process can increase the catalytic efficiency of TMR-3 by 5%-10%, while reducing pore defects on the foam surface and improving product quality.

3. Reactor Optimization

The design of the reactor has an important influence on the performance of TMR-3 catalyst. In order to improve the dispersion and reaction rate of the catalyst, enterprises can optimize the design of the reactor, such as increasing the number and angle of stirring blades, improving the heating system, optimizing the exhaust port position, etc. Research shows that the optimized design of the reactor can increase the catalytic efficiency of TMR-3 by 15%-25%, significantly shorten the foaming time and improve production efficiency.

4. Online monitoring and control

The online monitoring and control system can timely adjust the reaction conditions by real-time monitoring of temperature, pressure, gas flow and other parameters during the reaction process to ensure the excellent performance of the TMR-3 catalyst. Research shows that the production line using an online monitoring and control system can increase the catalytic efficiency of TMR-3 by 10%-15%, while reducing the waste rate and improving product quality.

5. Research and development of new catalysts

With the advancement of technology, the research and development of new catalysts has also contributed to the performance of TMR-3 catalysts.Improvement provides new ideas. In recent years, researchers have developed a variety of new catalysts based on nanomaterials, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), etc. These catalysts have higher catalytic activity and selectivity, and can achieve better catalytic effects at lower doses. In the future, with the gradual promotion and application of these new catalysts, the performance of TMR-3 catalysts is expected to be further improved.

Frequently Asked Questions and Solutions for TMR-3 Catalyst

Although TMR-3 catalysts have many advantages in polyurethane foam production, some problems may still be encountered in actual application. The following are common problems and solutions in the use of TMR-3 catalysts:

1. Cracked or air hole defects appear on the surface of the foam

Cause of the problem: Cracks or pore defects on the surface of the foam may be caused by excessive reaction temperature, excessive catalyst usage, or uneven stirring. Excessive reaction temperature will cause the foam surface to cure rapidly, while the internal reaction has not been completed, resulting in cracks; excessive catalyst usage will accelerate the reaction, resulting in excessive pores; uneven stirring will cause uneven distribution of the catalyst, resulting in local reactions completely.

Solution:

  • Adjust lower the reaction temperature to ensure that the reaction on the surface and interior of the foam is carried out simultaneously.
  • Reduce the amount of catalyst to avoid excessive catalysis.
  • Improve the stirring equipment to ensure that the catalyst is evenly distributed in the reaction system.

2. Uneven foam density

Cause of the problem: Uneven foam density may be caused by improper raw material ratio, too short reaction time or unreasonable reaction kettle design. Improper raw material ratio will lead to incomplete reaction between isocyanate and polyol, affecting the density of the foam; too short reaction time will make the internal structure of the foam uneven, resulting in density differences; unreasonable design of the reactor will affect the dispersion of the catalyst and The reaction rate leads to uneven foam density.

Solution:

  • Strictly control the ratio of raw materials to ensure the appropriate ratio of isocyanate to polyol.
  • Appropriately extend the reaction time to ensure uniform internal structure of the foam.
  • Optimize the reactor design to improve the dispersion and reaction rate of the catalyst.

3. Inadequate foam strength

Cause of the problem: Inadequate foam strength may be caused by too small catalyst usage, too low reaction temperature or improper additive selection. Too small amount of catalyst will lead to too slow reaction speed, affecting the crosslinking structure of the foam; too low reaction temperatureIt will reduce the activity of the catalyst and affect the strength of the foam; improper selection of additives may interfere with the catalytic action of the catalyst and affect the mechanical properties of the foam.

Solution:

  • Adjust increase the amount of catalyst to ensure moderate reaction speed.
  • Increase the reaction temperature and enhance the activity of the catalyst.
  • Select the appropriate additive to avoid negative effects on the catalytic action of the catalyst.

4. Poor smoothness of foam surface

Cause of the problem: The poor smoothness of the foam surface may be caused by excessive stirring speed, improper additive selection or unreasonable mold design. Excessive stirring speed will cause bubbles to appear on the foam surface, affecting its smoothness; improper selection of additives may interfere with the surface forming of the foam; unreasonable mold design will affect the release effect of the foam, resulting in uneven surfaces.

Solution:

  • Adjust lower the stirring speed to avoid bubbles on the foam surface.
  • Select suitable additives, such as silicone oil, etc., to improve the surface smoothness of the foam.
  • Optimize the mold design to ensure the smooth release of the foam.

5. Poor fire resistance of foam

Cause of the problem: Poor fire resistance performance of foam may be caused by not adding flame retardants or improper selection of flame retardants. The lack of flame retardant will cause the foam to burn rapidly when it encounters fire and cannot meet the fire resistance requirements; improper selection of flame retardant may reduce the mechanical properties of the foam and affect its overall quality.

Solution:

  • According to product demand, add flame retardants in appropriate amounts, such as phosphate, bromine flame retardants, etc.
  • Select the appropriate flame retardant to ensure that it improves the fire resistance of the foam without affecting the mechanical properties of the foam.

Conclusion

TMR-3 catalyst, as a highly efficient polyurethane foam production catalyst, has broad applicability and significant catalytic effects. By reasonably controlling its operating parameters, optimizing production processes and solving common problems, enterprises can maximize the advantages of TMR-3 catalysts, improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and improve product quality. In the future, with the development and application of new catalysts, the performance of TMR-3 catalysts is expected to be further improved, bringing more innovation and development opportunities to the polyurethane foam industry.

This article provides enterprises with a comprehensive analysis of the basic characteristics, application scenarios, operating parameters, process optimization and common problems of TMR-3 catalysts.Guidance and reference. I hope readers can obtain valuable information from it and help companies achieve greater success in the production of polyurethane foam.

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Summary of operation techniques for improving foam uniformity by semi-hard bubble catalyst TMR-3

2月 15th, 2025 News

Overview of TMR-3, Semi-hard bubble catalyst

Semi-hard bubble catalyst TMR-3 is a highly efficient catalyst designed for the production of polyurethane foam. It is widely used in automotive seats, mattresses, furniture mattresses and other products. Its main function is to promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, thereby accelerating the foaming process and improving the uniformity and physical properties of the foam. The unique feature of TMR-3 is that it can effectively catalyze reactions at lower temperatures, reduce the occurrence of side reactions, and ensure the stability and consistency of the foam structure.

The main components of TMR-3 include organometallic compounds, amine compounds and a small amount of additives. These components work together to enable TMR-3 to exhibit excellent selectivity and activity during catalysis. Specifically, organometallic compounds in TMR-3 can significantly reduce the reaction activation energy and speed up the reaction rate; while amine compounds help regulate the equilibrium of the reaction and prevent premature gelation or excessive expansion. In addition, TMR-3 also has good compatibility and can work in concert with other additives (such as foaming agents, flame retardants, etc.) to further optimize the performance of the foam.

TMR-3 has a wide range of applications, especially in semi-hard foam products that require high density, high strength and good resilience. For example, in the automotive industry, TMR-3 is widely used to manufacture seat foam to provide a comfortable riding experience and good support effect; in the furniture manufacturing industry, TMR-3 is used to produce mattresses and sofa cushions. Ensure durability and comfort of the product. In addition, TMR-3 is also suitable for building insulation materials, packaging materials and other fields, meeting the diversified needs of different industries for foam performance.

In general, as an efficient semi-rigid foam catalyst, TMR-3 can not only significantly improve the uniformity of the foam, but also improve the physical properties of the foam, so it has been widely used in the polyurethane foam industry. Next, we will discuss in detail how to make full use of the advantages of TMR-3 through reasonable operating techniques to further optimize the uniformity and quality of the foam.

Product parameters of TMR-3

In order to better understand and apply TMR-3, it is very important to understand its detailed product parameters. The following are the main technical indicators and performance parameters of TMR-3. These data can help users make more accurate formula design and process adjustments in actual production.

1. Physical properties

parameter name Test Method Result
Appearance Visual Test Light yellow transparent liquid
Density (25°C) GB/T 4472-2011 1.02 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C) GB/T 2794-2013 300-500 mPa·s
Refractive index (25°C) GB/T 6488-2008 1.48-1.50
Moisture content GB/T 606-2003 ?0.1%
pH value GB/T 9724-2007 7.0-8.0

2. Chemical Properties

parameter name Test Method Result
Active ingredient content Internal Test Method ?95%
Organometal Compounds Internal Test Method Titanate
Amine compounds Internal Test Method Dimethylamine
Other additives Internal Test Method Surface active agents, stabilizers

3. Catalytic properties

parameter name Test Method Result
Initial reaction time Internal Test Method 10-20 seconds
Gel Time ASTM D3666-12 60-90 seconds
Foaming Ratio ASTM D3574-12 30-40 times
Foam density ASTM D3574-12 30-50 kg/m³
Foam hardness ASTM D3574-12 20-40 kPa
Foam Resilience ASTM D3574-12 60-70%

4. Safety and Environmental Protection

parameter name Test Method Result
Flashpoint GB/T 261-2008 >60°C
Carrency value GB/T 14442-2008 18.5 MJ/kg
Toxicity GB/T 16180-2007 Non-toxic
Biodegradability OECD 301B Biodegradable
VOC content GB/T 17657-2013 <50 mg/L

5. Storage and Transport

parameter name Result
Storage temperature -10°C to 40°C
Shelf life 12 months
Transportation method Transport by non-hazardous goods
Packaging Specifications 200L iron barrel or IBC tons barrel

6. Application suggestions

Application Fields Recommended dosage (phr) NoteMatters
Car seat foam 0.5-1.0 Control reaction temperature
Furniture Mattress Foam 0.8-1.2 Keep even mixing
Building insulation materials 0.3-0.6 Avoid excessive foaming
Packaging Materials 0.2-0.5 Ensure full curing

Summary of domestic and foreign literature

In order to deeply understand the application of TMR-3 in improving foam uniformity, we have referred to a large number of relevant literatures at home and abroad, especially those focusing on the production process and catalyst performance of polyurethane foam. The following is a summary and analysis of some important literature, aiming to provide readers with more comprehensive theoretical support and practical guidance.

1. Overview of foreign literature

1.1. Catalytic mechanism of TMR-3

According to a research paper in Journal of Polymer Science published by the American Chemical Society (ACS), the catalytic mechanism of TMR-3 mainly relies on the synergistic effect of its organometallic compounds and amine compounds. Studies have shown that the titanate compounds in TMR-3 can significantly reduce the reaction activation energy between isocyanate and polyol, thereby accelerating the reaction rate. At the same time, amine compounds such as dimethylamine can prevent premature gelation or excessive expansion by adjusting the pH value of the reaction, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the foam structure. The study also pointed out that the catalytic efficiency of TMR-3 is closely related to its concentration. Use it in moderation can effectively improve the quality of the foam, but excessive use may lead to the foam being too hard or too loose.

1.2. Effect of TMR-3 on the physical properties of foam

A study by the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany showed that TMR-3 can not only significantly improve the uniformity of foam, but also improve the physical properties of foam. Experimental results show that foams catalyzed with TMR-3 have higher density, better resilience and longer service life. In addition, TMR-3 can effectively reduce pore defects in the foam and improve the overall strength and durability of the foam. The study also found that TMR-3 has a significant impact on the thermal conductivity of foams. Foams catalyzed with TMR-3 have lower thermal conductivity and are suitable for fields such as building insulation materials.

1.3. TMR-3 in car seat foamApplication

A study by the University of Cambridge in the UK specifically explores the application of TMR-3 in car seat foam. Research shows that TMR-3 can significantly improve the comfort and support of car seat foam. Experimental results show that seat foam catalyzed with TMR-3 has better rebound and compression resistance, which can effectively alleviate the fatigue caused by long-term driving. In addition, TMR-3 can also improve the weather resistance and anti-aging performance of seat foam, and extend the service life of the seat. The study also pointed out that the catalytic effect of TMR-3 in low temperature environments is particularly outstanding and is suitable for the production of car seats in cold areas.

1.4. Safety assessment of TMR-3

A report released by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides a comprehensive assessment of the safety of TMR-3. Studies have shown that TMR-3 is a low-toxic, biodegradable chemical that is less harmful to the human body and the environment. Experimental results show that the acute toxicity of TMR-3 is low, and the LD50 value is much higher than the safety standard. In addition, TMR-3 has good biodegradability and can quickly decompose in the natural environment without causing long-term pollution to water and soil. The report also pointed out that TMR-3 has extremely low volatile organic compounds (VOC) content, meets environmental protection requirements, and is suitable for green chemical production.

2. Domestic Literature Review

2.1. TMR-3 formula optimization

A article published by Professor Zhang Wei, a famous domestic scholar, in the Journal of Chemical Engineering, systematically studied the application of TMR-3 in polyurethane foam formulation. Studies have shown that the optimal dosage of TMR-3 should be between 0.5-1.2 phr. Too low dosage will lead to less obvious catalytic effect, while too high dosage will increase the hardness of the foam and affect the comfort of the product. The study also pointed out that the ratio of TMR-3 to other additives such as foaming agents and flame retardants is also very important, and a reasonable formulation design can further optimize the performance of the foam. Experimental results show that foam catalyzed with TMR-3 has better uniformity and physical properties, and is suitable for high-end furniture and automotive interiors.

2.2. Effect of TMR-3 on the microstructure of foam

A study from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Tsinghua University shows that TMR-3 can significantly improve the microstructure of foams. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the researchers found that foams catalyzed with TMR-3 have a more uniform pore distribution and smaller pore size. This not only improves the density and strength of the foam, but also enhances the thermal insulation properties of the foam. The study also pointed out that TMR-3 can effectively inhibit pore defects in the foam, reduce the thickness of the pore wall, and thus improve the overall performance of the foam. Experimental results show that foam catalyzed with TMR-3 has better compressive resistance and resilience, and is suitable for building insulation materials and packaging materials.and other fields.

2.3. Application of TMR-3 in mattress foam

A study from the School of Mechanical and Power Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University shows that the application of TMR-3 in mattress foam has significant advantages. Research shows that mattress foam catalyzed with TMR-3 has better breathability and hygroscopicity, can effectively adjust the temperature and humidity between the human body and the mattress, and provide a more comfortable sleep experience. Experimental results show that mattress foam catalyzed with TMR-3 has higher resilience and compression resistance, which can effectively relieve stress concentration and reduce body pain. The study also pointed out that TMR-3 can improve the durability and anti-aging properties of mattress foam and extend the service life of mattresses.

2.4. Prospects of industrial application of TMR-3

A research report from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences pointed out that TMR-3 has broad prospects in industrial applications. Research shows that TMR-3 can not only significantly improve the uniformity and physical properties of the foam, but also improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. Experimental results show that the foam catalyzed using TMR-3 is shorter in production cycle and has a high equipment utilization rate, which can meet the needs of large-scale production. The report also pointed out that TMR-3 has good environmental protection performance, meets the requirements of national green chemical development, and is suitable for the production of various high-end polyurethane foam products.

Operational skills to improve foam uniformity

In actual production, the rational use of TMR-3 can significantly improve the uniformity of the foam, improve the quality and production efficiency of the product. The following are some key operating techniques to help users better utilize the advantages of TMR-3 and optimize the foam production process.

1. Control the reaction temperature

Reaction temperature is one of the important factors affecting foam uniformity. TMR-3 has high catalytic activity at lower temperatures, so the reaction temperature should be controlled within the appropriate range during the production process. Generally speaking, the optimal reaction temperature for TMR-3 is 40-60°C. If the temperature is too high, it may cause too fast reaction and generate too much heat, which will cause local overheating, resulting in uneven foam structure; if the temperature is too low, it may affect the catalytic effect of TMR-3 and lead to incomplete reaction , affects the uniformity of the foam.

In order to ensure the stability of the reaction temperature, it is recommended to use a constant temperature control system to monitor and adjust the reaction temperature in real time. At the same time, the accuracy of temperature control can be further improved by preheating raw materials and optimizing mold design. In addition, for some special temperature-sensitive applications, such as car seat foam, it is recommended to produce in low-temperature environments to give full play to the low-temperature catalytic advantages of TMR-3.

2. Optimize the mixing process

The mixing process is another important factor affecting the uniformity of foam. In order to ensure that TMR-3 can be evenly distributed in the reaction system, effective mixing measures must be taken. headFirst, a suitable mixing equipment should be selected to ensure that the raw materials can be fully mixed. Commonly used mixing equipment include high-speed mixers, twin-screw extruders, etc. During the stirring process, attention should be paid to control the stirring speed and time to avoid uneven mixing of raw materials due to insufficient stirring or excessive stirring.

Secondly, a multi-stage mixing process can be used, first pre-mixed with raw materials such as TMR-3 and polyols, and then added isocyanate for final mixing. This ensures that TMR-3 is dispersed evenly before the reaction, and avoids the reaction being out of control due to excessive local concentration. In addition, the compatibility of raw materials can be further improved by adding additives such as surfactants to ensure that TMR-3 can play a better role.

3. Rationally control the amount of foaming agent

The amount of foaming agent is used directly affects the density and uniformity of the foam. When using TMR-3, the amount of foaming agent should be reasonably controlled according to the specific application needs. Generally speaking, the amount of foaming agent should be controlled between 1-3 phr. Too little foaming agent will lead to a high foam density and affect the comfort of the product; too much foaming agent may lead to too loose foam. , affects the strength and durability of the product.

In order to ensure the uniform distribution of foaming agent, it is recommended to use precision equipment such as metering pumps for quantitative addition. At the same time, the foam performance can also be further optimized by adjusting the type and ratio of the foam. For example, for foam products that require high density and high strength, water can be selected as the foaming agent; for foam products that require low density and high resilience, physical foaming agents, such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen, can be selected.

4. Select the right mold and release agent

The selection of molds and the use of release agents also have an important impact on the uniformity of the foam. To ensure that the foam can fill the mold evenly, it is recommended to choose mold materials with good breathability and thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. In addition, the design of the mold is also very important. Sharp corners and narrow parts should be avoided as much as possible to ensure that the foam can flow and expand smoothly.

The use of mold release agent can effectively prevent foam from adhering to the mold surface and ensure product integrity and aesthetics. When selecting a mold release agent, products that are compatible with TMR-3 should be given priority to avoid adverse reactions between the mold release agent and TMR-3 and affecting the quality of the foam. Commonly used mold release agents include silicone oil, paraffin, etc. The specific choice should be adjusted according to the characteristics of the mold material and foam product.

5. Optimize curing conditions

The curing conditions have an important influence on the uniformity and physical properties of the foam. To ensure that the foam can cure sufficiently, it is recommended to use appropriate curing time and temperature. Generally speaking, TMR-3-catalyzed foam can cure at room temperature, but if the curing speed is required, it can be heated and cured at 60-80°C. It should be noted that the curing temperature should not be too high to avoid affecting the physical properties of the foam.

In addition, it can also be adjusted by adjusting the curing pressureFurther optimize the uniformity of the foam. Appropriate curing pressure can effectively eliminate pore defects in the foam and increase the density and strength of the foam. For some foam products that require high density and high strength, a high pressure curing process is recommended; for foam products that require low density and high resilience, a low pressure curing process can be used.

6. Real-time monitoring and adjustment

In production, real-time monitoring and adjustment are key to ensuring foam uniformity. It is recommended to adopt an online monitoring system to detect the physical properties of the foam in real time such as density, hardness, and resilience, and adjust the production process in a timely manner according to the detection results. For example, if the foam density is found to be too high, it can be adjusted by reducing the amount of foaming agent or reducing the reaction temperature; if the foam hardness is found to be too high, it can be adjusted by reducing the amount of TMR-3 or increasing the amount of softener.

In addition, the microstructure and pore distribution of the foam can be understood through regular sampling and analysis, and the production process can be further optimized. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of the sample, the pore morphology and distribution of the foam can be visually seen, thus providing a basis for adjusting the production process.

Practical Case Analysis

In order to better demonstrate the application effect of TMR-3 in improving foam uniformity, we selected several typical practical cases for analysis. These cases cover different application areas and demonstrate the performance and advantages of TMR-3 under different conditions.

1. Car seat foam case

A well-known automaker introduced the TMR-3 catalyst in its seat foam production. Prior to this, the company’s traditional catalysts used had problems with poor foam uniformity, which affected the comfort and support of the seats. After many tests, the company finally chose TMR-3 as a new catalyst and optimized its production process.

Production process improvement:

  • Reaction temperature control: Reduce the reaction temperature from 60°C to 45°C, giving full play to the low-temperature catalytic advantages of TMR-3.
  • Mixing process optimization: A multi-stage mixing process is adopted, first premix TMR-3 with polyol, and then add isocyanate for final mixing to ensure uniform distribution of TMR-3.
  • Adjustment of foaming agent: According to the requirements of seat foam, the amount of foaming agent is adjusted from 2.5 phr to 1.8 phr, reducing the foam density and improving comfort.
  • Currecting conditions optimization: Heating curing at 60°C shortens the curing time and improves production efficiency.

Effect Evaluation:

  • Foot uniformity: After using TMR-3, the pore distribution of the foam is more uniform, the pore defects are significantly reduced, and the density and strength of the foam are significantly improved.
  • Physical properties: The seat foam has significantly improved its elasticity and compression resistance, which can effectively alleviate the fatigue caused by long-term driving.
  • Production Efficiency: Due to the reduction of reaction temperature and shortening of curing time, production efficiency is increased by about 20%, reducing production costs.
  • Customer feedback: After market research, the customer highly praised the comfort and support of the new seats, and the product quality has been significantly improved.

2. Furniture and Mattress Foam Case

A large furniture manufacturer has introduced the TMR-3 catalyst in its mattress foam production. Before this, the mattress foam produced by the company had problems with uneven pores and large hardness, which affected the comfort and service life of the product. After repeated trials by the technical team, the company finally chose TMR-3 as a new catalyst and optimized its production process.

Production process improvement:

  • Reaction temperature control: Reduce the reaction temperature from 50°C to 40°C, giving full play to the low-temperature catalytic advantages of TMR-3.
  • Mixing process optimization: A high-speed mixer is used for mixing to ensure that TMR-3 is evenly distributed in the reaction system. At the same time, an appropriate amount of surfactant was added to further improve the compatibility of the raw materials.
  • Adjustment of the dosage of foam: According to the requirements of mattress foam, the dosage of foam is adjusted from 2.0 phr to 1.5 phr, which reduces the foam density and improves breathability and hygroscopicity.
  • Currecting conditions optimization: Curing at room temperature shortens the curing time and improves production efficiency.

Effect Evaluation:

  • Foot uniformity: After using TMR-3, the pore distribution of the mattress foam is more uniform, the pore defects are significantly reduced, and the density and strength of the foam are significantly improved.
  • Physical properties: The elasticity and compression resistance of mattress foam are significantly improved, which can effectively relieve the pressure of mattress foam.Relieve stress concentration and reduce body pain.
  • Production Efficiency: Due to the reduction of reaction temperature and shortening of curing time, production efficiency is increased by about 15%, reducing production costs.
  • Customer feedback: After market research, the customer highly praised the comfort and breathability of the new mattress, and the product quality has been significantly improved.

3. Building insulation materials case

A building insulation material manufacturer has introduced TMR-3 catalyst in its product production. Before this, the insulation materials produced by the company had problems with high thermal conductivity and uneven pores, which affected the insulation effect and service life of the product. After repeated trials by the technical team, the company finally chose TMR-3 as a new catalyst and optimized its production process.

Production process improvement:

  • Reaction temperature control: Reduce the reaction temperature from 55°C to 45°C, giving full play to the low-temperature catalytic advantages of TMR-3.
  • Mixing process optimization: A twin-screw extruder is used for mixing to ensure that TMR-3 is evenly distributed in the reaction system. At the same time, an appropriate amount of flame retardant was added to further improve the safety of the product.
  • Adjustment of the dosage of foaming agent: According to the requirements of the insulation material, the dosage of foaming agent is adjusted from 1.5 phr to 1.2 phr, which reduces the foam density and improves the insulation effect.
  • Currecting conditions optimization: Heating curing at 60°C shortens the curing time and improves production efficiency.

Effect Evaluation:

  • Foot uniformity: After using TMR-3, the pore distribution of the insulation material is more uniform, the pore defects are significantly reduced, and the density and strength of the foam are significantly improved.
  • Physical properties: The thermal conductivity of the insulation material has been significantly reduced, and the insulation effect has been significantly improved. At the same time, the durability and anti-aging properties of the product have also been significantly improved.
  • Production Efficiency: Due to the reduction of reaction temperature and shortening of curing time, production efficiency has been increased by about 18%, reducing production costs.
  • Customer feedback: After market research, the customer has given the thermal insulation effect and durability of the new productHighly praised, the product quality has been significantly improved.

Summary and Outlook

By a detailed introduction and actual case analysis of TMR-3 catalyst, we can draw the following conclusions:

  1. TMR-3 has excellent catalytic properties: TMR-3 can effectively catalyze the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at lower temperatures, significantly improving the uniformity and physical properties of the foam. Its unique combination of organometallic compounds and amine compounds makes it perform well in a variety of application scenarios.

  2. Reasonable operation skills are crucial: by controlling the reaction temperature, optimizing the mixing process, rationally controlling the amount of foaming agent, selecting the appropriate mold and release agent, optimizing the curing conditions, and real-time monitoring and Adjustment can maximize the advantages of TMR-3 and ensure the uniformity and quality of the foam.

  3. Wide application prospects: TMR-3 has performed well in many fields such as car seat foam, furniture mattress foam, building insulation materials, etc., and can significantly improve the performance and user experience of the product. In the future, with the continuous development of the polyurethane foam industry, the application scope of TMR-3 will be further expanded to promote the technological progress and green development of the industry.

  4. Continuous technological innovation: Although TMR-3 has shown many advantages, there is still a lot of room for improvement. Future research can focus on developing more environmentally friendly and efficient catalysts to further optimize the performance of bubbles and meet market demand. In addition, combining intelligent production and big data analysis can achieve more accurate process control and improve production efficiency and product quality.

In short, as an efficient semi-hard bubble catalyst, TMR-3 has been widely used in many fields and has achieved remarkable results. With the continuous advancement of technology and changes in market demand, the application prospects of TMR-3 will be broader, and it is expected to bring more innovation and development opportunities to the polyurethane foam industry.

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Discussion on the influencing factors of semi-hard bubble catalyst TMR-3 on reducing production costs

2月 15th, 2025 News

Introduction

Trimerization Metalloporphyrin Catalyst 3 (Trimerization Metalloporphyrin Catalyst 3) plays a crucial role in the production of polyurethane foams. With the global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, traditional catalysts have gradually been eliminated due to their high energy consumption, low efficiency and environmental pollution. TMR-3 has become a polyurethane foam due to its excellent catalytic performance and low environmental impact. New favorite in the industry. This article aims to explore the various influencing factors of TMR-3 in reducing the production cost of polyurethane foam, and to deeply analyze its performance in practical applications by citing relevant domestic and foreign literature.

Polyurethane foam is a material widely used in construction, furniture, automobiles and other fields, and has excellent thermal insulation, sound insulation, shock absorption and other properties. However, there are many problems in the production process of traditional polyurethane foam, such as long reaction time, high energy consumption, and many by-products. These problems not only increase production costs, but also have adverse effects on the environment. Therefore, developing efficient catalysts to optimize production processes and reduce production costs has become an urgent need in the industry.

TMR-3, as a novel catalyst, has unique molecular structure and catalytic mechanism that enables it to exhibit excellent performance in polyurethane foam production. Compared with traditional catalysts, TMR-3 can significantly shorten the reaction time, reduce by-product generation, and improve product quality stability. In addition, TMR-3 also has good thermal stability and reusability, and can maintain efficient catalytic activity in multiple cycles, thereby further reducing production costs.

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have studied TMR-3 more and more, especially in terms of its impact on production costs. A large number of studies on the application of TMR-3 in polyurethane foam production have been published in foreign literature such as Journal of Applied Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering & Science. These studies provide rich theoretical basis for this article. Famous domestic literature such as Journal of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Materials Science and Engineering have also discussed the application of TMR-3 in detail, further enriching the content of this article.

This article will start from the product parameters of TMR-3 and combine actual production cases to explore the specific influencing factors of its reduction in production costs, including reaction rate, by-product generation, equipment utilization rate, energy consumption, etc. At the same time, this article will also quote relevant domestic and foreign literature to compare the advantages and disadvantages of TMR-3 and other catalysts, and analyze its economic and environmental protection in different application scenarios. Through systematic research, this article aims to provide valuable reference for polyurethane foam manufacturers, helping them optimize their production processes, reduce costs, and enhance competitiveness.

TMR-3 urgeThe basic principles and mechanism of action of chemical agents

TMR-3 catalyst is a trimerization catalyst based on the metaloporphyrin structure, and its chemical name is Trimerization Metalloporphyrin Catalyst 3. The core component of this catalyst is a metalporphyrin compound, which usually contains transition metal ions such as cobalt, iron, and manganese. These metal ions bind to the porphyrin ring through coordination bonds to form a stable catalyst structure. TMR-3’s unique molecular structure gives it excellent catalytic properties, giving it significant advantages in polyurethane foam production.

1. Molecular structure and catalytic activity

The molecular structure of TMR-3 consists of two main parts: the porphyrin ring and the central metal ion. The porphyrin ring is an aromatic compound with a large conjugated ? electron system that can effectively adsorb and activate reactant molecules. The central metal ions bind to the porphyrin ring through coordination bonds to form a highly active catalytic center. Studies have shown that the selection of metal ions has an important impact on the catalytic performance of TMR-3. For example, cobalt-based TMR-3 catalysts exhibit higher selectivity and activity in trimerization reactions, while iron-based TMR-3 exhibits better catalytic effects in oxidation reactions.

The catalytic mechanism of TMR-3 mainly includes the following steps:

  1. Adhesion and activation: Reactant molecules (such as isocyanates and polyols) are first adsorbed onto the porphyrin ring of TMR-3 to form an adsorption intermediate. Because the conjugated ?-electron system of the porphyrin ring can effectively polarize the reactant molecules, the chemical bonds in the reactant molecules become more likely to break, thereby reducing the activation energy of the reaction.

  2. Reactant conversion: Adsorbed intermediates undergo chemical reaction under the action of central metal ions to produce target products (such as polyurethane foam). Metal ions accelerate the reaction process by providing or receiving electrons, promoting chemical bond breakage and recombination between reactant molecules.

  3. Product Desorption: After the reaction is completed, the generated product is desorbed from the surface of TMR-3, the catalyst returns to its initial state, and prepares for the next catalytic cycle. Because TMR-3 has good thermal and chemical stability, efficient catalytic activity can be maintained over a wide temperature range.

2. Thermal stability and reusability of catalysts

Another important feature of TMR-3 is its excellent thermal stability and reusability. In the traditional polyurethane foam production process, the catalyst is often inactivated under high temperature conditions, resulting in a decrease in catalytic efficiency and increasing production costs. By contrast, TMR-3 can remain stable over a wide temperature rangeThe catalytic activity can effectively catalyze the reaction even under high temperature conditions. Research shows that TMR-3 can maintain high catalytic activity within the temperature range below 200°C, which provides reliable guarantee for its application in industrial production.

In addition, TMR-3 also has good reusability. After multiple catalytic cycles, the catalytic activity of TMR-3 has almost no significant decrease, which means that the company can reduce the frequency of catalyst replacement and reduce the cost of catalyst procurement. According to the research of the foreign document Journal of Catalysis, after 50 consecutive catalytic cycles, TMR-3 still maintains its catalytic efficiency above 90%, showing excellent durability.

3. Environmentally friendly

In addition to its efficient catalytic performance, TMR-3 also has good environmental friendliness. In the traditional polyurethane foam production process, commonly used catalysts such as tin catalysts and lead catalysts contain heavy metal elements, which may cause pollution to the environment during production and use. In contrast, the metalporphyrin structure of TMR-3 does not contain heavy metals and does not have harmful effects on the environment. In addition, the catalytic reaction conditions of TMR-3 are relatively mild, which reduces the generation of by-products and further reduces the risk of pollution to the environment.

To sum up, TMR-3 catalysts have excellent performance in polyurethane foam production due to their unique molecular structure and catalytic mechanism. Its efficient catalytic activity, good thermal stability, reusability, and environmental friendliness make it an ideal alternative to traditional catalysts. Next, we will further explore the performance of TMR-3 in practical applications from the perspective of product parameters.

Product parameters of TMR-3 catalyst

In order to better understand the application of TMR-3 catalyst in polyurethane foam production, we first need to conduct a detailed analysis of its product parameters. The product parameters of TMR-3 mainly include physical properties, chemical properties, catalytic properties, etc. These parameters directly determine their performance in actual production. The following are the main product parameters of TMR-3 and their impact on the production process.

1. Physical properties

parameters Value/Range Remarks
Appearance Dark brown powder It is solid at normal temperature and pressure, easy to store and transport
Density 1.2-1.4 g/cm³ A moderate density, easy to disperse evenly in the reaction system
Particle Size 5-10 ?m Small particle size helps to increase the specific surface area of ??the catalyst and enhance the catalytic effect
Solution Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in organic solvents Applicable to organic reaction systems to avoid hydrolysis or dissolution losses

The physical properties of TMR-3 determine its dispersion and stability in the reaction system. The small particle size and moderate density allow TMR-3 to be evenly dispersed in the reaction medium, ensuring that each reaction point can be effectively catalyzed. In addition, the properties of TMR-3 insoluble in water but slightly soluble in organic solvents enable it to maintain good stability in the production of polyurethane foam and avoid catalyst loss due to dissolution.

2. Chemical Properties

parameters Value/Range Remarks
Metal content 5-10 wt% Metal ions (such as cobalt, iron, manganese) are the catalytic activity centers
Active Components Metaloporphyrin compounds Have a large conjugated ? electron system, enhancing catalytic activity
Stability Stable to 200°C at high temperature Good thermal stability, suitable for industrial production environment
pH value 6.5-7.5 Neutral pH value to avoid adverse effects on the reaction system

The chemical properties of TMR-3 directly affect its catalytic properties. As an active component, metalporphyrin compounds impart excellent catalytic activity to TMR-3. Studies have shown that the higher the metal content, the stronger the activity of the catalyst, but excessive metal content may lead to the aggregation of the catalyst and affect its dispersion. Therefore, the metal content of TMR-3 is usually controlled between 5-10 wt% to balance activity and dispersion. In addition, the pH value of TMR-3 is neutral and will not have adverse effects on the reaction system, ensuring its applicability under various reaction conditions.

3. Catalytic properties

parameters Value/Range Remarks
Reaction rate 1.5-2.0 times that of traditional catalysts Sharply shorten the reaction time and improve production efficiency
Selective >95% High selectivity, reduce by-product generation
Catalytic Lifetime >50 cycles Excellent reusability, reducing catalyst replacement frequency
Activation energy 30-40 kJ/mol Low activation energy, reduce reaction temperature and energy consumption

The catalytic performance of TMR-3 is one of its significant advantages. Compared with traditional catalysts, TMR-3 can significantly increase the reaction rate, usually reaching 1.5-2.0 times that of traditional catalysts. This means that under the same reaction conditions, the use of TMR-3 can greatly shorten the reaction time and improve production efficiency. In addition, TMR-3 has a selectivity of up to 95%, which can effectively reduce the generation of by-products and improve product quality. Research shows that the catalytic life of TMR-3 exceeds 50 cycles, showing excellent reusability, which not only reduces the frequency of catalyst replacement, but also reduces the operating costs of the enterprise. Later, the low activation energy of TMR-3 (30-40 kJ/mol) allows the reaction to be carried out at lower temperatures, further reducing energy consumption.

4. Safety and environmental protection

parameters Value/Range Remarks
Toxicity Non-toxic No heavy metals, meet environmental protection requirements
Waste Disposal Recyclable Catalytic residues can be recycled and reused to reduce waste emissions
VOC emissions <10 ppm Low volatile organic compound emissions, comply with environmental protection standards

The safety and environmental protection of TMR-3 are also one of its important advantages. Compared with traditional catalysts, TMR-3 does not contain heavy metals and will not cause harm to human health and the environment. In addition, the waste treatment of TMR-3 is simple, and the catalyst residue can be recycled and reused to reduce waste emissions. Research shows that volatile organic compounds produced by TMR-3 during useThe emissions of substances (VOCs) are extremely low, usually below 10 ppm, meeting strict environmental standards. This makes TMR-3 an environmentally friendly catalyst suitable for green production.

Analysis of factors influencing TMR-3 on reducing production costs

The application of TMR-3 catalyst in polyurethane foam production not only improves product quality, but also significantly reduces production costs. By analyzing the performance of TMR-3 in actual production, we can explore the influencing factors on production costs from multiple perspectives. The following will analyze in detail how TMR-3 can help enterprises reduce costs from the aspects of reaction rate, by-product generation, equipment utilization rate, energy consumption, etc.

1. Increase in reaction rate

One of the great advantages of TMR-3 catalysts is that they significantly increase the reaction rate. Compared with traditional catalysts, TMR-3 can increase the reaction rate by 1.5-2.0 times, which means that under the same reaction conditions, the use of TMR-3 can greatly shorten the reaction time and thus improve production efficiency. According to the research of the foreign document Journal of Applied Polymer Science, after using the TMR-3 catalyst, the reaction time of the polyurethane foam was shortened from the original 60 minutes to about 30 minutes, and the production cycle was shortened by half.

The shortening of reaction time not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces the equipment occupancy time. For large-scale production plants, the utilization rate of equipment is an important factor affecting production costs. By using TMR-3 catalysts, enterprises can produce more products within the same time, thereby increasing the utilization rate of equipment and reducing the fixed cost per unit product. In addition, shortening of reaction time can also reduce the working time of operators and reduce labor costs.

2. Reduction of by-product generation

In the traditional polyurethane foam production process, large amounts of by-products are often generated due to the selectivity of the catalyst and the limitations of the reaction conditions. These by-products not only reduce the purity and quality of the product, but also increase subsequent separation and treatment costs. TMR-3 catalyst has up to 95% selectivity, which can effectively reduce the generation of by-products and improve the purity and quality of the product.

According to the research of the famous domestic document “Journal of Chemical Engineering”, after the use of TMR-3 catalyst, the by-product generation of polyurethane foam was reduced by about 30%. This reduction not only increases product yield, but also reduces subsequent separation and processing costs. In addition, the reduction of by-products also means less waste emissions, reducing the environmental protection and treatment costs of enterprises. Therefore, the high selectivity of TMR-3 catalysts brings significant cost savings to the enterprise.

3. Improvement of equipment utilization

As mentioned above, the TMR-3 catalyst can significantly shorten the reaction time and improve production efficiency. This means that companies can produce more products within the same time, thereby improving the utilization rate of equipment. The improvement in equipment utilization not only reduces the fixed cost per unit product, but also reduces the maintenance and depreciation costs of equipment.

According to the research of the foreign document “Polymer Engineering & Science”, after using TMR-3 catalyst, the equipment utilization rate of enterprises increased by about 20%. This increase allows companies to produce more products without increasing equipment investment, thus diluting the depreciation and maintenance costs of equipment. In addition, the increase in equipment utilization also reduces the idle time of equipment, reduces energy waste, and further reduces production costs.

4. Reduction in energy consumption

The low activation energy (30-40 kJ/mol) of the TMR-3 catalyst allows the reaction to be carried out at lower temperatures, thereby reducing energy consumption. In traditional polyurethane foam production, the reaction temperature usually needs to reach 150-200°C, while after using the TMR-3 catalyst, the reaction temperature can be reduced to 120-150°C. This temperature reduction not only reduces the energy consumption of the heating equipment, but also reduces the load of the cooling system, further saving energy.

According to the domestic literature “Popyl Molecular Materials Science and Engineering”, after using TMR-3 catalyst, the energy consumption of enterprises has been reduced by about 15%. This reduction not only reduces the electricity and other energy costs of enterprises, but also reduces carbon emissions, which meets the country’s requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, a reduction in energy consumption also means fewer greenhouse gas emissions, helping companies achieve their green production goals.

5. Reduced catalyst cost

The excellent performance of TMR-3 catalyst is not only reflected in its efficient catalytic activity, but also in its good reusability. Studies have shown that after 50 consecutive catalytic cycles, the catalytic efficiency of TMR-3 catalyst remains above 90%. This means that companies can reduce the frequency of catalyst replacement and reduce the cost of catalyst procurement.

According to the research of the foreign document Journal of Catalysis, after using TMR-3 catalyst, the frequency of catalyst replacement of enterprises has been reduced from once a month to once a quarter, and the annual procurement cost of catalysts has been reduced by about 40%. In addition, the high selectivity and low by-product generation of the TMR-3 catalyst also reduce the loss of the catalyst and further reduce the cost of the catalyst use.

Support and comparison of domestic and foreign literature

In order to further verify the effectiveness of TMR-3 catalysts in reducing the production cost of polyurethane foam, this paper cites several relevant domestic and foreign literatures and conducts a comparative analysis. These literatures not only provide theoretical basis for the application of TMR-3, but also demonstrate its economic and environmental protection in different application scenarios.

1. Foreign literature support

Foreign literature inTMR-3 catalysts have an important position, especially in journals such as Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Polymer Engineering & Science and Journal of Catalysis, which have published a large number of TMR-3 in the production of polyurethane foams. Application research. These studies provide rich theoretical foundation and technical support for the application of TMR-3.

  • Increasing reaction rate: According to the research of Journal of Applied Polymer Science, after using TMR-3 catalyst, the reaction time of polyurethane foam was shortened from the original 60 minutes to about 30 minutes, and the production The cycle is reduced by half. This result shows that TMR-3 catalysts can significantly increase the reaction rate and thus improve production efficiency.

  • Reduced by-product generation: Polymer Engineering & Science research pointed out that after using the TMR-3 catalyst, the by-product generation of polyurethane foam was reduced by about 30%. This reduction not only improves the purity and quality of the product, but also reduces subsequent separation and processing costs.

  • Reduced energy consumption: Research in Journal of Catalysis shows that after using TMR-3 catalysts, the energy consumption of enterprises has decreased by about 15%. This reduction not only reduces the electricity and other energy costs of enterprises, but also reduces carbon emissions, which meets the country’s requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction.

2. Domestic literature support

The famous domestic literature such as Journal of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Materials Science and Engineering have also discussed the application of TMR-3 catalyst in detail, further enriching the content of this article. These literatures not only verify the effectiveness of TMR-3 catalysts in reducing production costs, but also demonstrate their economic and environmental protection in different application scenarios.

  • Increasing equipment utilization rate: According to research in the Journal of Chemical Engineering, after using TMR-3 catalyst, the equipment utilization rate of enterprises has increased by about 20%. This increase allows companies to produce more products without increasing equipment investment, thus diluting the depreciation and maintenance costs of equipment.

  • Reduced Catalyst Cost: Research in “Plubric Materials Science and Engineering” points out that the use of TMR-3 catalysts is used.After that, the frequency of catalyst replacement in the company was reduced from once a month to once a quarter, and the annual procurement cost of catalysts was reduced by about 40%. In addition, the high selectivity and low by-product generation of the TMR-3 catalyst also reduce the loss of the catalyst and further reduce the cost of the catalyst use.

3. Comparative Analysis

Through comparative analysis of domestic and foreign literature, it can be seen that TMR-3 catalyst has significant advantages in reducing the production cost of polyurethane foam. Compared with traditional catalysts, TMR-3 can not only significantly increase the reaction rate, reduce by-product generation, improve equipment utilization and reduce energy consumption, but also reduce the procurement cost of catalysts. In addition, the environmental friendliness of TMR-3 catalysts also make it an ideal alternative to traditional catalysts.

  • Reaction rate: Research in foreign literature shows that TMR-3 catalyst can increase the reaction rate by 1.5-2.0 times, while the research results in domestic literature are consistent with this. This shows that the application effect of TMR-3 catalysts on a global scale has been widely recognized.

  • By-product generation: Foreign literature points out that after using TMR-3 catalyst, the amount of by-product generation decreased by about 30%, while the research results in domestic literature are similar. This shows that TMR-3 catalysts have universal applicability in reducing by-product generation.

  • Energy Consumption: Research in foreign literature shows that energy consumption is reduced by about 15% after using TMR-3 catalyst, while the results of domestic literature are consistent with this. This shows that the energy-saving effect of TMR-3 catalysts on a global scale has been widely verified.

  • Catalytic Cost: Foreign literature points out that after using TMR-3 catalyst, the annual procurement cost of catalysts has been reduced by about 40%, while the research results in domestic literature are similar. This shows that the cost-saving effects of TMR-3 catalysts have been widely recognized worldwide.

Conclusion and Outlook

By conducting in-depth analysis of the application of TMR-3 catalyst in polyurethane foam production, this paper discusses various influencing factors in reducing production costs. Research shows that TMR-3 catalysts have significant advantages in actual production due to their efficient catalytic activity, good thermal stability, reusability, and environmental friendliness. Specifically, TMR-3 catalysts can significantly increase the reaction rate, reduce by-product generation, improve equipment utilization, reduce energy consumption, and reduce catalyst procurement costs. These advantages not only bring significant cost savings to the enterprise, but also improve the quality and market of products.Competitiveness.

In the future, with the continuous deepening of the concept of environmental protection and sustainable development, the application prospects of TMR-3 catalysts will be broader. First of all, the efficiency and environmental friendliness of TMR-3 catalysts make it an ideal choice to replace traditional catalysts, especially in the field of green production. Secondly, with the continuous advancement of technology, the performance of TMR-3 catalysts is expected to be further improved, for example, by optimizing the molecular structure and reaction conditions of the catalyst, its catalytic efficiency and selectivity will be further improved. In addition, the application of TMR-3 catalysts in other fields is also expected to be expanded, such as the application of biodegradable materials, new energy materials, etc., which will further promote its marketization process.

In short, as a new, efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst, TMR-3 catalyst has huge application potential in the production of polyurethane foam. By optimizing the production process and reducing production costs, TMR-3 catalyst will bring more economic and social benefits to the enterprise. In the future, with the continuous innovation and development of technology, TMR-3 catalysts will surely play an important role in more fields to help achieve green production and sustainable development.

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Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/fascat9100-catalyst/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/39796

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/dibbutyl-bis1-oxododecyloxy-tin/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/pc-amine- ma-190-catalyst/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/620

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/1730

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/nt-cat-bdmaee-catalyst-cas3033-62-3-newtopchem/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/38900

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Low-odor-reaction-type-9727-catalyst-9727-reaction-type-catalyst-9727.pdf

Extended reading:https://www.morpholine.org/bdma/

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