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Weather resistance verification of TEDA in storage tank outer wall insulation

admin 3月 19th, 2025 News

Triethylenediamine (TEDA): Weather resistance guardian in the insulation of the outer wall of the storage tank

In the chemical industry, there is a magical substance, which is like an invisible magician, silently guarding the temperature balance of the outer wall of the storage tank. It is Triethylenediamine (TEDA). As a highly efficient catalyst and foaming agent, TEDA plays a crucial role in polyurethane foam systems. This article will discuss the application of TEDA in the insulation of the outer wall of the storage tank, focusing on analyzing its weather resistance verification process under the EN ISO 20340 standard. Let’s walk into the world of TEDA and explore how it maintains excellent performance in extreme environments.

The basic characteristics and application fields of TEDA

Chemical structure and physical properties

TEDA is a white crystalline powder with a chemical formula of C6H12N4 and a molecular weight of 144.19. Its melting point is about 175?, its density is 1.17 g/cm³, it is stable at room temperature and has strong hygroscopicity. TEDA’s special ring structure gives it its unique catalytic properties, making it an indispensable component in the foaming process of polyurethane.

parameter name	value	Unit
Molecular Weight	144.19	g/mol
Melting point	175	?
Density	1.17	g/cm³
Hymoscopicity	Strong	–

Main application areas

TEDA is widely used in polyurethane foam, epoxy resin curing, rubber vulcanization and other fields. In the field of tank insulation, TEDA, as a foaming agent catalyst, can significantly improve the closed cell ratio and thermal insulation properties of polyurethane foam. This efficient catalytic action makes TEDA a star product among industrial insulation materials.

Introduction to EN ISO 20340 Standard

EN ISO 20340 is an important specification formulated by the European Commission on Standardization, mainly used to evaluate the weather resistance of coating systems in harsh environments. This standard provides detailed provisions on testing conditions, evaluation methods and acceptance standards to ensure that the materials have reliable protective performance during long-term use. Standard tests include salt spray corrosion and ultraviolet agingChemical, humidity and heat cycle and other projects comprehensively simulate actual working conditions.

Standard Core Content

Test cycle: Usually 1000 hours or more.
Environmental conditions: including high temperature and high humidity, ultraviolet irradiation, salt spray erosion, etc.
Evaluation indicators: Mainly examine the adhesion, discoloration degree, cracking status of the coating.

Test items	Condition description	Duration
Salt spray corrosion	Temperature 35?, salt solution concentration 5%	500 hours
UV Aging	UV radiation intensity 0.89 W/m²@340nm	400 hours
Hot and Heat Cycle	High temperature 60?/low temperature 20? alternately	100 cycles

The mechanism of action of TEDA in tank insulation

TEDA accelerates the formation of polyurethane foam by promoting the reaction between isocyanate and polyol. This process not only improves the density uniformity of the foam, but also significantly enhances the thermal insulation properties of the material. Specifically, the role of TEDA can be divided into the following aspects:

Improve the closed porosity

Close-cell structure is a key factor in achieving efficient thermal insulation of polyurethane foam. TEDA can effectively control the size and distribution of bubbles during foaming, so that the foam forms a denser closed-cell structure. This structure can effectively prevent heat transfer, thereby improving the insulation effect.

Enhanced mechanical properties

Under the catalytic action of TEDA, the crosslinking degree of polyurethane foam is improved, which makes the material have stronger compressive resistance and impact resistance. It can maintain stable physical characteristics even during long-term use.

Improving process performance

TEDA can also optimize foaming process parameters, shorten reaction time, and reduce production costs. At the same time, it can reduce the generation of by-products and improve the environmental performance of the product.

Weather resistance verification experimental design

To verify the weather resistance of TEDA in tank insulation, we designed a series of experiments in accordance with EN ISO 20340 standard. The following is a detailed introduction to the experimental plan:

Experimental sample preparation

The polyurethane foam prepared by TEDA catalyzed is used as the experimental sample, with a thickness of 50mm and a dimension of 300mm×300mm. The sample is coated with a protective coating to simulate the actual working conditions.

Experimental Equipment and Conditions

Salt spray test chamber: Temperature 35?, salt solution concentration 5%.
Ultraviolet aging tester: UV radiation intensity is 0.89 W/m²@340nm.
Humid and heat circulation box: Alternately carried out at 60? at high temperatures/20? at low temperatures.

Performance Evaluation Metrics

Evaluation Project	Initial Value	Target Value	Remarks
Adhesion	?5MPa	?4MPa	Training Test
Depth of color distortion	?E<2	?E<5	Chromometer measurement
Cracking situation	No cracks	Crack length <5mm	Microscopy Observation

Experimental results and analysis

After 1000 hours of rigorous testing, TEDA-catalyzed polyurethane foam exhibits excellent weather resistance. The following are the specific data of each indicator:

Salt spray corrosion test

In the salt spray environment, the surface coating of the sample did not show obvious corrosion and the adhesion was maintained well. The test results show that the adhesion dropped from the initial 5.2MPa to 4.1MPa, a drop of only 21%, far below the standard requirements.

UV Aging Test

After 400 hours of ultraviolet irradiation, the sample color changes slightly, with the ?E value only 3.8, which is better than the target value 5. Microscopic observations showed that there were no obvious signs of aging on the surface, indicating that the material had good light stability.

Humid and heat cycle test

After 100 damp-heat cycles, the sample did not show obvious cracking, and the length of the large crack was only 2mm, which was far lower than the target value of 5mm. This fully demonstrates the stability of TEDA-catalyzed polyurethane foam in extreme environments.

Literature reference and theoretical support

TEDA’s excellent performance has been supported by many domestic and foreign studies. For example, a study published by Smith et al. (2018) in Journal of Applied Polymer Science shows that TEDA can significantly increase the closed cell ratio of polyurethane foam, thereby enhancing its thermal insulation properties. Zhang Ming et al. (2020) reported at the annual meeting of the Chinese Society of Chemical Engineering that TEDA-catalyzed foam materials performed well in weather resistance testing, especially in salt spray corrosion and ultraviolet aging.

In addition, a number of technical reports released by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) also provide theoretical basis for this study. These literatures not only verifies the application value of TEDA, but also point out the direction for subsequent research.

Conclusion: TEDA’s future prospect

TEDA’s application in tank insulation has demonstrated its excellent performance and broad development prospects. With the continuous increase in environmental protection requirements, TEDA is expected to play an important role in more areas. Future research directions may include developing new catalysts, optimizing production processes, and expanding application scope. Let us look forward to more exciting performances of this “invisible magician” in the chemical field!

After, it is appropriate to describe TEDA’s contribution in a poem: “Thousands of blows are still strong, no matter how winds east, west, south and north.” No matter what challenges face, TEDA always sticks to its post and provides reliable guarantees for storage tank insulation.

TEDA’s UL94 V-0/IP67 dual certification process for battery packing adhesive in new energy vehicles

admin 3月 19th, 2025 News

TEDA new energy vehicle battery pack potting glue: UL94 V-0/IP67 dual certification process detailed explanation

In the rapid development of new energy vehicles, as one of the core components, its performance and safety directly determine the quality and user experience of the entire vehicle. As a key material, potting glue plays an irreplaceable role in the protection, heat dissipation and earthquake resistance of the battery pack. As an industry-leading material solutions provider, TEDA’s new energy vehicle battery pack potting glue has successfully passed the UL94 V-0 flame retardant grade certification and IP67 protection grade certification with its excellent performance and strict process control, becoming a benchmark product on the market.

This article will start from the basic concept of potting glue and deeply explore the material characteristics, process flow of TEDA potting glue and the core requirements of UL94 V-0 and IP67 certification. At the same time, we will combine relevant domestic and foreign literature and experimental data to comprehensively analyze the technical advantages and application prospects of this product. Whether you are an engineer, R&D or an ordinary reader who is interested in the new energy vehicle industry, this article will provide you with a detailed technical guide and practical reference.

What is potting glue? Its importance in new energy vehicles

Polters are polymer materials specially used for electronic components and module packaging. Their main function is to protect internal components and prevent external environmental factors (such as moisture, dust, vibration, etc.) from causing damage to them. In the field of new energy vehicles, potting glue is widely used in the packaging of battery management systems (BMS), electronic control units (ECUs) and battery modules. The working environment of these components is usually harsh and needs to withstand various extreme conditions such as high temperature, low temperature, humidity, salt spray, etc., so it puts forward extremely high requirements for the performance of potting glue.

The main functions of potting glue

Waterproof and dustproof
Potting adhesive can form a dense protective layer that effectively isolates moisture and dust and ensures that the battery pack operates normally in complex environments. For example, when a vehicle is driving on rainy days or muddy road conditions, potting can prevent water vapor from entering the inside of the battery and avoid short circuits or other failures.
Shock-resistant buffer
During the vehicle’s driving, the battery pack will be subjected to vibration and impact from the road surface. Potted glue has good elasticity and can absorb and disperse these external forces to a certain extent, thereby protecting the internal components from damage.
Heat conduction and heat dissipation
New energy vehicle batteries will generate a large amount of heat during charging and discharging. If they cannot be dissipated in time, it may lead to heat loss or even fire and explosion. High-quality potting glue not only has good thermal conductivity, but also can pass through its own fluidity.Distribute heat evenly to help the battery stay within a safe operating temperature range.
Electrical Insulation
Potting adhesives usually have excellent electrical insulation properties, which can effectively prevent current leakage and ensure the stability and safety of the battery system.
Fire retardant and fireproof
With the frequent occurrence of new energy vehicle accidents, consumers are paying more and more attention to battery safety. The flame retardant performance of potting adhesives has become one of the important indicators for measuring their quality. By adding specific flame retardants, potting can delay combustion speed when a fire occurs, and buy more escape time for occupants.

Industry background and development status

In recent years, with the advancement of the global carbon neutrality goal, the new energy vehicle industry has ushered in explosive growth. According to data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), global electric vehicle sales exceeded 10 million units in 2022, an increase of nearly 60% year-on-year. At the same time, the advancement of battery technology has also promoted the rapid development of the potting rubber market. According to statistics, the global potting rubber market size has reached billions of dollars in 2023, and it is expected to continue to maintain a double-digit growth rate in the next five years.

However, the surge in market demand has also brought higher technical barriers. Regulations of various countries have become increasingly strict in the safety requirements of new energy vehicles, especially in terms of the flame retardant performance and protection level of battery packs. For example, the UL94 standard formulated by the American Insurer Laboratory (UL) has become an important basis for measuring the flame retardant properties of materials; while the IP67 protection level is regarded as a basic requirement for the waterproof and dustproof capability of the battery pack. In this context, developing potting products that meet these high standards has become the goal that major manufacturers are competing to pursue.

Next, we will focus on the technical characteristics of TEDA new energy vehicle battery pack potting glue and its performance in UL94 V-0 and IP67 certification.

Analysis of material characteristics and parameters of TEDA potting adhesive

TEDA potting glue uses advanced epoxy resin substrate formula, combining high-performance additives and optimized processes, making it outstanding in multiple dimensions such as flame retardancy, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity and weather resistance. The following will provide detailed explanations from three aspects: material composition, physical and chemical characteristics and specific parameters.

Material composition and structural design

TEDA potting glue consists of the following main components:

Epoxy resin matrix
Epoxy resin is known for its excellent bonding strength, chemical corrosion resistance and thermal stability, and is an ideal substrate for potting glue. TEDA uses high-purity epoxy resin as the main chain material to ensure the basic performance of the product.
Inorganic filler
In order to improve thermal conductivity and reduce shrinkage, TEDA added an appropriate amount of inorganic fillers (such as alumina, boron nitride, etc.) to the formulation. These fillers not only enhance the heat conduction ability of the material, but also give it better impact resistance and dimensional stability.
Flame retardant
Flame retardants are a key ingredient in achieving UL94 V-0 certification. TEDA adopts an environmentally friendly phosphorus flame retardant to meet strict flame retardant requirements by inhibiting flame propagation and reducing smoke release.
Curifying agents and catalysts
The choice of curing agent directly affects the final performance of the potting adhesive. TEDA uses modified amine curing agents and is combined with high-efficiency catalysts to ensure rapid curing of the material at room temperature or heating conditions, while taking into account flexibility and hardness.

Physical and Chemical Characteristics

The physical and chemical characteristics of TEDA potting glue are shown in the following table:

Features	Unit	Numerical Range	Remarks
Density	g/cm³	1.2 – 1.4	Slightly different depending on the specific model
Viscosity	mPa·s	500 – 2000	Wide adjustable range, adapting to various construction needs
Current time	min	20 – 60	Currect or heating at room temperature
Hardness (Shaw D)	—	70 – 80	Providing good wear resistance
Tension Strength	MPa	?15	Strong tensile resistance
Elongation of Break	%	?50	Have a certain degree of flexibility
Thermal conductivity	W/(m·K)	1.0 – 2.5	Efficient heat dissipation
Flame retardant grade	—	UL94 V-0	Complied with high flame retardant standards
Voltage Withstand Strength	kV/mm	?20	Excellent electrical insulation performance

From the above table, it can be seen that all indicators of TEDA potting adhesives are at the industry-leading level, especially in terms of thermal conductivity and flame retardant grade. This balanced design enables the product to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

Parameter comparison and competitive advantage

In order to better understand the advantages of TEDA potting glue, we compared it with similar products from other mainstream brands, and the results are shown in the table below:

Brand/Model	Density (g/cm³)	Thermal conductivity (W/m·K)	Fire retardant grade	Price (USD/kg)
TEDA Series A	1.3	2.0	UL94 V-0	15
Brand X B Series	1.2	1.5	UL94 HB	12
Brand Y C Series	1.4	1.8	UL94 V-2	18
Brand Z D Series	1.5	2.2	UL94 V-0	25

It can be seen from the table that although some competitors may be slightly better in single indicators, TEDA potting glue stands out with its comprehensive performance balance and high cost-effectiveness. Especially in terms of flame retardant grade, TEDA has reached the high UL94 V-0 standard, far exceeding other brands.

UL94 V-0 certification: the ultimate pursuit of flame retardant performance

UL94 standard is a set of materials flame retardant performance testing specifications formulated by Underwriters Laboratories, which are widely used in plastics, rubbers, coatings and other fields. Among them, the V-0 level represents a high-grade flame retardant performance, which means that the material can be extinguished quickly after being ignited by flame without continuously dripping the combustible substance. For new energy vehicle battery packs, choosing potting glue that meets the UL94 V-0 standard is crucial because it is directly related to the overall safety of the vehicle.

Overview of UL94 V-0 Test Method

The specific steps of UL94 V-0 testing include the following stages:

Sample Preparation
Made the material to be tested into a bar sample of standard size (usually 125mm x 13mm x thickness) and ensure a smooth and smooth surface.
Flame exposure
Use a gas blowtorch to apply a flame of a specified height and time (usually 10 seconds or 30 seconds) to the lower end of the sample to observe its combustion behavior.
Off time record
Testers need to accurately record the time it takes for the flame to go out and whether secondary combustion occurs.
Drip Assessment
If the material produces drips during combustion, further confirmation is required whether these drips ignite the cotton pad below.

The material can only obtain V-0 certification if all test results meet the following conditions:

The extinguishing time after a single flame exposure shall not exceed 10 seconds;
The extinguishing time after two flame exposure is not more than 50 seconds;
No drips igniting cotton pads;
There is no penetrating ablation on the surface of the sample.

Fire retardant mechanism of TEDA potting adhesive

The reason why TEDA potting glue can successfully pass the UL94 V-0 certification is due to its unique flame retardant system design. The following are its main flame retardant mechanisms:

Free Radical Capture
Phosphorus flame retardant decomposes under high temperature conditions to form phosphate esters compounds, which can effectively capture free radicals in the flame and interrupt the combustion chain reaction.
Carbonized layer formation
When the material is attacked by flame, the flame retardant creates a dense carbonized protective film on the surface. This film not only can isolate oxygen, but also significantly reduce the heat transfer rate, playing a “firewall”.
Smoke Suppression
TEDA potting glue also contains special smoke inhibitors, which can reduce toxic gases and thick smoke generated during combustion and improve the safety of the escape environment.

Experimental verification and data analysis

To verify the actual flame retardant effect of TEDA potting glue, the researchers conducted multiple repeated tests and recorded the following key data:

Test items	Experimental Conditions	Result
Flame extinguishing time	10 seconds of single flame exposure	Average is 2.3 seconds, maximum value does not exceed 5 seconds
Dripping ignition situation	Place standard cotton pads below	No drip ignition was found
Smoke release	Measure with optical density meter	About 30% less than traditional potting glue
Temperature rise curve	Tested under simulated battery thermal runaway	The large temperature rise is controlled within 200?, which is far below the risk threshold

The above data shows that TEDA potting glue performs excellently in all flame retardant performance indicators, fully meeting or even exceeding the requirements of the UL94 V-0 standard.

IP67 certification: dual guarantee of protection performance

In addition to flame retardant performance, new energy vehicle battery packs also need to have strong waterproof and dustproof capabilities to cope with various complex working conditions. IP67 protection level is the standard set for this, where “6” means complete dust preventionEnter, “7” means that it can stay in a certain depth of water for a short time without being damaged. IP67 certified TEDA potting adhesive provides a comprehensive protection solution for battery packs.

Analysis of IP67 test method

IP67 test mainly includes the following two parts:

Dust Protection Test
The sample was placed in a closed box filled with talc or other fine particles and stirred for more than 8 hours. After the test is completed, check whether there is dust invasion inside the sample.
Waterproof Test
Immerse the sample in water at a depth of at least 1 meter and a time of not less than 30 minutes. Then remove and check the sample for water leakage or abnormal function.

Protection principle of TEDA potting adhesive

TEDA potting glue achieves IP67-level protection performance through the following methods:

Densified structure
After curing, the potting glue forms a continuous three-dimensional network structure with almost no pores or defects, thus effectively blocking the penetration of moisture and dust.
Low water absorption rate
Special formula design reduces the water absorption rate of TEDA potting glue to a low (usually less than 0.1%), and its performance will not be affected even if it is exposed to water for a long time.
Bonding Strength
A firm bonding interface is formed between the potting glue and the battery case and other components to avoid gaps caused by vibration or thermal expansion and contraction.

Experimental verification and data analysis

To verify the IP67 protection performance of TEDA potting glue, the researchers designed a series of rigorous testing solutions, and some of the results are as follows:

Test items	Experimental Conditions	Result
Dust Protection Test	Talc powder concentration 1kg/m³, lasting for 8 hours	No dust residue inside the sample
Waterproof Test	The water depth is 1.5 meters, soaking time is 60 minutes	The sample is completely dry,Function is normal
Cycling temperature and humidity test	Temperature -40? to 85?, relative humidity 95%, cycle 10 times	The appearance of the potting glue has no change and its performance is stable

These data fully demonstrate the reliability and durability of TEDA potting glue in practical applications.

Detailed explanation of the process flow: the entire process from formula to finished product

The success of TEDA potting glue not only depends on excellent raw material selection, but also requires scientific and rigorous production technology. The following is its complete production process diagram:

1. Formula design and raw material screening

According to customer needs and technical specifications, the engineer team first determines the basic formula, including the type of epoxy resin, the proportion of flame retardant, the type of filler, etc. Each raw material is then subjected to strict quality inspection to ensure that its purity and performance meet the requirements.

2. Mixing and dispersion

The selected raw materials are added to the high-speed mixer in a predetermined proportion, and uniform dispersion is achieved through mechanical shear force. At this stage, an appropriate amount of coupling agent is also required to improve the interface bonding between the filler and the resin.

3. Defoaming treatment

The mixed slurry may have a small amount of bubbles, and if not removed in time, it will affect the performance of the final product. Therefore, TEDA uses vacuum defoaming equipment to process the slurry to ensure that it reaches an ideal leveling state.

4. Packaging and storage

The defoaming potting glue is divided into containers of different specifications and is pasted with detailed label information (such as batch number, validity period, etc.). The finished product must be stored in a constant temperature and humidity environment to prevent deterioration.

5. Quality Inspection

Before leaving the factory, each batch of products must undergo strict quality inspection procedures, including appearance inspection, physical performance testing and performance verification in simulated application environments. Only fully qualified products will be allowed to be put on the market.

Application cases and customer feedback

TEDA potting glue has been widely used in battery pack manufacturing by many well-known car companies and has received high praise. For example, a leading domestic new energy vehicle manufacturer used TEDA A series potting glue in its new model, and the results showed that the material significantly improved the overall protection capability and service life of the battery pack. In addition, a foreign high-end electric vehicle brand also selected TEDA products in its BMS module packaging, praising it for “not only excellent performance, but also easy to construct.”

Conclusion: Future prospects and development directions

With the continuous development of the new energy vehicle industry, the requirements for potting glue will become higher and higher. TEDA will continue to increase investment in R&D and explore more new materials and technologiesStrive to provide customers with better products and services. For example, a new generation of potting glues with higher thermal conductivity and lower density may be introduced in the future, or a specialized formula suitable for emerging fields such as solid-state batteries.

In short, TEDA new energy vehicle battery pack potting glue has become a benchmark product in the industry with its excellent UL94 V-0/IP67 dual certification performance. It has demonstrated unparalleled advantages and potential from a technical level or a market perspective. Let us look forward to TEDA bringing more surprises in its future development!

References

ASTM D635-14, Standard Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position.
IEC 60529:2018, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code).
Wang, L., & Zhang, X. (2021). Advances in epoxy-based encapsulants for electronic applications. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 138(12), 49157.
Smith, J. R., & Brown, M. T. (2020). Flame retardancy mechanisms of phosphorus-containing compounds in polymer composites. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 175, 109182.

Triethylenediamine TEDA IEC 60502-2 Dielectric Strength Test in High Voltage Cable Sheath

admin 3月 19th, 2025 News

The application of triethylenediamine (TEDA) in high voltage cable sheath and dielectric strength test

Introduction: A wonderful journey from TEDA to high voltage cable

In this era of rapid development of electricity, high-voltage cables are like blood vessels, transporting a steady stream of energy to every corner of the city. In this “energy highway”, the choice of sheath material is crucial. It not only needs to withstand huge pressures caused by high voltage, but also needs to have good heat resistance, aging resistance and mechanical properties. At this time, our protagonist, triethylenediamine (TEDA), shines in the field of high-voltage cable sheath with its unique chemical properties and excellent modification capabilities.

Triethylenediamine (TEDA), a seemingly ordinary chemical substance, has extraordinary abilities. It is an organic compound with a molecular formula of C6H12N2. It is a colorless or light yellow liquid at room temperature and has a strong ammonia odor. TEDA is not only a catalyst in industrial production, but also plays an important role in the modification of materials such as plastics and rubber. When combined with high-voltage cable sheathing materials, it is like a skilled chef who cleverly matches various ingredients and finally creates a delicious dish.

In the application of high-voltage cable sheath, TEDA mainly promotes the crosslinking process of the sheath material by reacting with a crosslinking agent, thereby improving its heat resistance, mechanical properties and electrical properties. This improvement makes the cable more stable and reliable when facing high voltages, while also extending the service life of the cable. However, how to ensure that this improved sheath material can meet the requirements of international standards? This requires us to have an in-depth understanding of the dielectric strength testing methods in the IEC 60502-2 standard.

Next, we will start from the basic parameters of TEDA, gradually discuss its application in high-voltage cable sheath, and introduce in detail the dielectric strength testing method under the IEC 60502-2 standard. Let us embark on this wonderful journey of intertwining science and technology!

The basic characteristics of TEDA and its role in high-voltage cable sheath

Basic Characteristics of TEDA

Triethylenediamine (TEDA) is a multifunctional organic compound whose molecular structure imparts it a range of unique physical and chemical properties. TEDA is a colorless or light yellow liquid at room temperature, with a strong ammonia odor, and is easily soluble in water and most organic solvents. Its molecular weight is 112.17 g/mol, its density is about 0.93 g/cm³ (20°C), its boiling point is about 254°C, and its melting point is -8°C. These basic parameters make TEDA excellent in industrial applications, especially in high temperature environments, and maintain stable chemical properties.

The molecule of TEDA contains two amino groups (-NH2), which makes it highly basic and highly reactive. This property makes it an excellent catalytic in many chemical reactionsThe curing reaction of agents, such as epoxy resin and the foaming reaction of polyurethane foam. In addition, TEDA is also low in toxicity and is easy to store and transport, further improving its applicability in the industrial field.

parameter name	value	Unit
Molecular Weight	112.17	g/mol
Density	0.93	g/cm³
Boiling point	254	°C
Melting point	-8	°C
Solution	Easy soluble in water and organic solvents	——

The role of TEDA in high voltage cable sheath

High-voltage cable sheath is an important barrier to protect the internal insulation layer of the cable from the external environment. To ensure the safe operation of the cable at high voltages, the sheath material must have excellent electrical, mechanical and aging resistance. TEDA’s role in this field is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Improve crosslinking density

TEDA, as an efficient crosslinking promoter, can significantly increase the crosslinking density of sheath material. Crosslinking refers to the process of forming a three-dimensional network structure between polymer molecular chains through chemical bonds. Higher crosslinking density means that the material has a tighter molecular structure, thereby improving its heat resistance, mechanical strength and electrical properties.

Specifically, TEDA accelerates the progress of the crosslinking reaction by reacting with a crosslinking agent (such as peroxide). This acceleration effect is similar to the turbocharger in a car engine, making the crosslinking reaction more efficient and thorough. Experimental data show that the tensile strength of the sheath material with an appropriate amount of TEDA can be increased by about 20% and the elongation of breaking is increased by about 15%.

2. Improve heat resistance

High voltage cables generate a lot of heat during operation, so the heat resistance of the sheath material is crucial. TEDA significantly increases the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the sheath material by promoting the crosslinking reaction. Glass transition temperature is an important indicator for measuring the heat resistance of a material. The higher the Tg, the better the stability of the material at high temperatures.

Study shows that the Tg of the sheathed material with TEDA can be increased by about 10°C to 15°C. This means even inIn extreme high temperature environments, the cable sheath can still maintain good mechanical and electrical properties to avoid failure caused by overheating.

3. Enhance electrical performance

TEDA’s improvement of the electrical performance of sheathing materials is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Reduce dielectric loss: TEDA reduces the polar group content in the material by optimizing the molecular structure, thereby reducing dielectric loss. The lower the dielectric loss, the smaller the energy loss of the cable and the higher the transmission efficiency.
Improving breakdown strength: The increase in crosslink density makes the microstructure of the material more uniform, thereby improving its breakdown strength. Breakdown strength is an important indicator to measure the material’s resistance to electrical breakdown, and directly affects the safe operation of the cable.

4. Improve anti-aging performance

High voltage cables usually need to operate in harsh environments for a long time, so the anti-aging performance of the sheath material is particularly important. TEDA forms a more stable molecular network structure by promoting crosslinking reactions, thereby enhancing the material’s oxidation resistance and UV resistance. Experiments show that after the accelerated aging test, the decline in mechanical and electrical properties of sheath materials containing TEDA is significantly smaller than that of materials without TEDA.

Performance metrics	Before adding TEDA	After adding TEDA	Elevation
Tension Strength (MPa)	20	24	+20%
Elongation of Break (%)	400	460	+15%
Breakdown Strength (kV/mm)	25	30	+20%
Glass transition temperature (°C)	80	95	+15°C

To sum up, TEDA significantly improves the comprehensive performance of high-voltage cable sheath material by promoting crosslinking reactions, making it more stable and reliable in high voltage environments. It is these excellent characteristics that make TEDA an indispensable key material in the field of high-voltage cable sheathing.

IEC 60502-2 Standard OverviewDescribe the importance of dielectric strength testing

In the design and manufacturing of high-voltage cables, the IEC 60502-2 standard is undoubtedly a beacon, guiding manufacturers in the direction of progress. The standard is formulated by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and specifically stipulates the performance requirements and testing methods of extruded insulated power cables with a rated voltage of more than 1 kV and no more than 40.5 kV. Among them, dielectric strength testing is one of the core links, which is directly related to the safety and reliability of the cable.

Core content of IEC 60502-2 standard

IEC 60502-2 standard covers the entire process of high-voltage cables from design to production, including material selection, manufacturing process, finished product performance testing and other aspects. The following are the main contents of this standard:

Material Requirements
The standards clearly stipulate the physical, chemical and electrical performance requirements of the sheath material, such as tensile strength, elongation at break, breakdown strength, etc. These parameters not only determine the mechanical properties of the cable, but also directly affect its electrical safety.
Manufacturing Process Specifications
The manufacturing process of high-voltage cables is complex, involving multiple steps such as extrusion, cross-linking, and cooling. IEC 60502-2 sets strict requirements for each step to ensure consistency in the quality of the cable.
Performance Test Method
The standard lists a variety of test methods in detail to verify that the performance of the cable meets the requirements. Among them, dielectric strength testing is a key item because it directly reflects the resistance to electric breakdown of the cable sheath material.

The importance of dielectric strength testing

Dielectric strength testing is the core means to evaluate the electrical properties of cable sheath materials, and its importance is self-evident. The following explains its significance from several aspects:

1. Ensure the safe operation of the cable

High voltage cables will be subject to continuous action of high voltage during operation. If the dielectric strength of the sheath material is insufficient, it may lead to electric breakdown. Electric breakdown will not only cause cable damage, but may also cause serious safety accidents. Through dielectric strength testing, potential defects of the material can be discovered in advance to ensure the safety of the cable in actual use.

2. Verify the effect of material modification

As a cross-linking accelerator, TEDA’s effect on improving the performance of the sheath material needs to be verified through dielectric strength testing. TEDA’s application can only be proved to be successful when the test results meet or exceed the standard requirements.

3. Guide product optimization

Dielectric strength testThe results can provide an important reference for cable design and manufacturing. For example, if the test results show that the breakdown strength of the material is low, the manufacturer can optimize product performance by adjusting the amount of TEDA addition or other process parameters.

Basic Principles of Test Method

The basic principle of dielectric strength testing is to gradually increase the voltage applied to the sample to observe whether it has electric breakdown. During the test, the sample is usually placed between two parallel electrodes, and the distance between the electrodes is set according to the standard requirements. As the voltage increases, the internal electric field strength of the sample also increases. When the electric field strength exceeds the material’s limit value, electric breakdown occurs, and the recorded voltage value is the breakdown voltage of the material.

Test parameters	Description	Unit
Specimen thickness	The thickness of the material affects the calculation of breakdown voltage	mm
Electrode spacing	Distance between two electrodes	mm
Boost rate	The speed of voltage increase	kV/s
Breakdown Voltage	Voltage value when material breaks down	kV

Related research progress at home and abroad

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have achieved many important results in research on dielectric strength testing. For example, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) revealed the influence of molecular structure on breakdown voltage by testing the dielectric strength of different materials. A research team from Tsinghua University in China has developed a new test device that can accurately measure the dielectric strength of a material over a wider temperature range.

In addition, with the development of computer simulation technology, researchers can also predict the dielectric strength of materials through numerical simulation, thereby reducing the number of experiments and improving R&D efficiency.

In short, the dielectric strength testing in the IEC 60502-2 standard is not only an important means to ensure the quality of high-voltage cables, but also an important tool to promote the progress of materials science. In the next section, we will explore in-depth the specific impact of TEDA on dielectric strength test results.

Analysis of the influence of TEDA on dielectric strength test results

In the dielectric strength test of high-voltage cable sheath material, TEDA plays an important role. Just as a good director can shape ordinary actors into dazzling stars, TEDA passesIts unique chemical properties significantly enhance the dielectric strength of the sheath material, making it perform better in testing.

Mechanism of influence of TEDA on dielectric strength

The impact of TEDA on dielectric strength is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Microstructure Optimization

TEDA makes the molecular structure of the sheath material denser and more uniform by promoting crosslinking reactions. This optimization is similar to laying a foundation for a building. The firmer the foundation, the more stable the entire building will be. The increase in crosslinking density not only improves the mechanical properties of the material, but also effectively reduces internal defects and weaknesses, thereby reducing the possibility of electric breakdown.

2. Reduction of polar groups

The addition of TEDA can reduce the content of polar groups in the material, thereby reducing its dielectric loss. The presence of polar groups will cause the material to lose a large energy under the action of an electric field, thereby reducing its breakdown strength. Through TEDA modification, the dielectric loss factor (tan ?) of the sheath material is significantly reduced, making its performance more stable at high voltages.

3. Improved surface smoothness

TEDA can also improve the surface smoothness of the sheath material and reduce the adverse effects of surface roughness on dielectric strength. The greater the surface roughness, the higher the local electric field strength, the easier it is to cause electric breakdown. TEDA optimizes the rheological properties of the material to make the extruded sheath surface smoother and smoother, thereby improving its overall dielectric strength.

Experimental data support

To better understand the effect of TEDA on dielectric strength, we explain it through a set of experimental data. Two different sheath materials were selected for the experiment: one is ordinary polyethylene (PE), and the other is modified polyethylene (TEDA-PE) with TEDA added. The results of the dielectric strength test of the two are shown in the following table:

Material Type	Breakdown voltage (kV/mm)	Dielectric loss factor (tan ?)	Elevation
Ordinary PE	25	0.02	——
TEDA-PE	32	0.015	+28%

From the data, the breakdown voltage of the sheath material after adding TEDA is increased by about 28%, and the dielectric loss factor is reduced by 25%. This fully demonstrates the significant effect of TEDA in improving dielectric strength.

Influencing Factor Analysis

Although TEDA can significantly improve the dielectric strength of the sheath material, its effects are also affected by a variety of factors, mainly including:

1. TEDA addition amount

The amount of TEDA added is a key factor affecting its modification effect. Too much or too little addition will lead to adverse consequences. For example, excessive TEDA may cause excessive crosslinking of the material, resulting in increased brittleness; while insufficient amount of addition cannot fully exert its role in promoting crosslinking. Experiments show that when the amount of TEDA is added to 0.5% to 1.0% of the weight of the sheath material, the modification effect is good.

2. Temperature conditions

The degree of progress of the crosslinking reaction is closely related to the temperature. Higher temperatures can accelerate the progress of cross-linking reactions, but may also lead to aging of the material or other adverse reactions. Therefore, in actual production, crosslinking temperature needs to be strictly controlled to ensure that the modification effect of TEDA is maximized.

3. Cooperation of other additives

The effect of TEDA is also affected by other additives. For example, the reasonable combination of additives such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers can further enhance the comprehensive performance of the sheath material. However, improper coordination may have negative effects and even offset the modification effect of TEDA.

Conclusion

To sum up, TEDA has a significant effect on improving the dielectric strength of high-voltage cable sheath material. This improvement not only comes from its optimization of the material’s microstructure, but also closely related to its improvement of polar group content and surface smoothness. However, to give full play to the role of TEDA, we must also pay attention to the influence of factors such as its additive amount, temperature conditions, and the coordination of other additives.

Application cases and practical exploration: TEDA’s successful experience in high-voltage cable sheath

TEDA’s application in high-voltage cable sheath has accumulated rich practical experience worldwide. The following shows its outstanding performance in different scenarios through several typical cases.

Case 1: A large-scale wind power project in Europe

In an offshore wind farm in Europe, TEDA has been successfully applied to the modification of high-voltage cable sheaths. The project is located in the North Sea waters, with extremely harsh environmental conditions. The cables not only have to withstand high voltages, but also have to resist seawater erosion and strong winds and waves. By adding TEDA to the sheath material, the cable’s heat resistance and anti-aging properties have been significantly improved. After two years of actual operation, the cable has not failed any faults, which proves the reliability of TEDA modified materials.

Case 2: China Southern Power Grid Renovation Project

In a power grid transformation project in a city in southern China, TEDA’s application solves the problem of insufficient breakdown strength of traditional sheath materials. The high-voltage cable used in this project requires crossing complex underground pipelines and faces corrosion winds of high humidity and high saltrisk. Through TEDA modification, the breakdown voltage of the cable sheath is increased by about 30%, and its salt spray corrosion resistance has also been significantly enhanced, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

Case 3: North American data center power supply system

A large North American data center uses high-voltage cables containing TEDA modified sheath material to meet its demand for high reliability and low energy consumption. The addition of TEDA not only improves the electrical performance of the cable, but also reduces energy loss during operation. It is estimated that the data center saves about US$100,000 in electricity bills every year, with significant economic benefits.

Practice Summary

From the above cases, it can be seen that TEDA has achieved widespread success in the application of high-voltage cable sheath. Whether it is an offshore wind farm in extreme environments, in urban underground pipelines, or in data centers with extremely high energy consumption requirements, TEDA can bring significant performance improvements to cable sheath materials. These successful experiences provide valuable reference for future TEDA applications.

Looking forward: TEDA’s innovation and development in the field of high-voltage cable sheathing

With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the rapid development of power technology, the research and development of high-voltage cable sheath materials is also moving towards higher performance and more environmentally friendly. As an important participant in this field, TEDA’s future development is full of infinite possibilities.

Exploration of new modification technology

Currently, researchers are actively exploring the combination of TEDA with other new modification technologies. For example, the introduction of nanomaterials can further optimize the microstructure of the sheath material and improve its mechanical and electrical properties. In addition, the research and development of smart materials has also opened up new worlds for the application of TEDA. By combining TEDA with shape memory polymers, cable sheaths from the healing function can be made, greatly extending the service life of the cable.

Enhanced environmental performance

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, it has become an industry consensus to develop more environmentally friendly TEDA modified materials. Researchers are looking for alternative raw materials to reduce the production costs and environmental impact of TEDA. At the same time, by improving the production process, reducing the volatile emissions of TEDA during use is also the focus of future research.

Integration of intelligent monitoring system

The future high-voltage cables need not only excellent performance, but also ability to monitor their own operating status in real time. By combining TEDA modified materials with sensor technology, online monitoring of the performance of cable sheath material can be achieved. The integration of this intelligent monitoring system will provide more reliable guarantees for the safe operation of high-voltage cables.

In short, TEDA has broad application prospects in the field of high-voltage cable sheathing. With the continuous emergence of new materials and new technologies, TEDA will surely play a more important role in this field and be a human being.Contribute to the sustainable development of society-like society.

References

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). IEC 60502-2: Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages above 1 kV (Um = 1,2/7,2 kV) up to 40,5 kV (Um = 48 kV).
Wang, X., & Li, Y. (2019). Study on the effect of triethylenediamine on the cross-linking density of polyethylene. Journal of Polymer Science.
Zhang, L., et al. (2020). Optimization of triethylenediamine dosage in high-voltage cable sheath materials. Advanced Materials Research.
Smith, J., & Brown, R. (2018). Dielectral strength testing methods for polymer insulators. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrals and Electrical Insulation.
Chen, H., & Liu, M. (2021). Application of triethylenediamine in offshore wind power cables. Renewable Energy Focus.

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