TEDA’s GB/T 8812-2007 horizontal tensile strength optimization for building doors and windows

TEDA and building doors and windows heat insulation strips: GB/T 8812-2007 lateral tensile strength optimization

In the construction industry, heat insulation strips are key components connecting aluminum alloy profiles and plastic profiles, and their performance directly affects the energy-saving effect and service life of the entire door and window system. As one of the leading enterprises in China’s building materials industry, TEDA (Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone) has made remarkable achievements in the research and development and production of heat insulation strips. This article will conduct in-depth discussion on the lateral tensile strength of the insulation strip around the GB/T 8812-2007 standard, and combine the actual cases of TEDA to analyze how to optimize the performance of the insulation strip through material selection, process improvement and quality control. At the same time, this article will also quote relevant domestic and foreign literature to comprehensively analyze this issue from theory to practice.

For the sake of easy understanding, this article will narrate in easy-to-understand language, and appropriately use rhetorical techniques such as metaphors and personification, so as to strive to enable readers to master professional knowledge in a relaxed and pleasant reading atmosphere. In addition, the article will clearly present key parameters and technical indicators through tables to provide reference for industry practitioners.


1. What is a heat insulation strip? Why is it so important?

Thermal insulation strips are the “bridge” in modern building doors and windows systems. It not only connects metal profiles with non-metallic profiles, but also plays a role in blocking heat transfer, thereby improving the insulation performance of doors and windows. Fictionally speaking, the insulation strip is like a solid “small bridge”, connecting cold air on one side and hot air on the other side, and its mission is to prevent the two from easily “shaking hands and making peace”.

According to the GB/T 8812-2007 standard, the core performance indicators of the insulation strip include lateral tensile strength, shear strength, weather resistance, etc. Among them, the lateral tensile strength is particularly critical because it directly determines whether the insulation strip will break or deform when it is subjected to external forces. If the insulation strip is compared to a string, then the transverse tensile strength is the strong tension that the string can withstand. Once this range is exceeded, the strings will be broken and the window will lose its proper function.

Main application areas of heat insulation strips

  1. Building Doors and Windows: Used to connect aluminum alloy profiles and PVC profiles to enhance the insulation performance of doors and windows.
  2. Curvey wall structure: In high-rise buildings, heat insulation strips can effectively reduce the heat conduction of glass curtain walls.
  3. Industrial Equipment: Some special purpose heat insulation strips are also used for mechanical connections between refrigeration equipment and high temperature environments.

2. Interpretation of GB/T 8812-2007 standard

GB/T 8812-2007 is China’s lateral tensile strength for thermal insulation stripsTest a national standard for development. This standard clearly stipulates the test methods, technical requirements and evaluation rules for heat insulation strips. Here are some core points in the standard:

1. Definition of transverse tensile strength

The transverse tensile strength refers to the large tensile stress that the insulating strip can withstand in a perpendicular direction to its length. Expressed by formula:
[
? = frac{F}{S}
]
Where (?) represents tensile strength (unit: MPa), (F) represents large tensile force (unit: N), and (S) represents cross-sectional area of ??the sample (unit: mm²).

2. Test conditions

According to GB/T 8812-2007, the following conditions are required to be met for lateral tensile strength test:

  • Ambient temperature: (23±2)?
  • Relative humidity: (50±5)%
  • Stretching speed: (5±1) mm/min

3. Performance requirements

According to the standards, the transverse tensile strength of high-quality heat insulation strips should not be less than 25 MPa. For some high-end products, this value can even reach more than 40 MPa.

parameter name Unit Standard Value Remarks
Terminal Tensile Strength MPa ?25 Basic Requirements
Shear Strength MPa ?15 Key Connection Performance
Weather resistance hours ?2000 Ultraviolet aging capability

3. TEDA’s innovative practice: How to optimize lateral tensile strength?

TEDA, as a leading domestic building materials supplier, has accumulated rich experience in the research and development and production of heat insulation strips. Here are their specific measures to optimize lateral tensile strength:

1. Material selection

High-quality raw materials are the basis for ensuring the performance of heat insulation strips. TEDA uses high-strength nylon 66 as the substrate, which has excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance. At the same time, in order to further improve the lateral tensile strength, TEDA also added glass fiber reinforcement to the formula. Research shows that the addition of fiberglassThe lateral tensile strength can be increased by about 30%.

Comparative research at home and abroad

According to the study of German scholar Hans Meyer, the effect of glass fiber content on transverse tensile strength is positively correlated. When the glass fiber content increases from 20% to 35%, the transverse tensile strength can be increased from 28 MPa to 42 MPa. However, excessive glass fiber content can lead to increased brittleness of the material, so a balance point needs to be found.

Material composition Content (%) Terminal Tensile Strength (MPa)
Pure nylon 66 100 20
Nylon 66+20% fiberglass 80 28
Nylon 66+35% fiberglass 65 42

2. Process improvement

In addition to material selection, production process is also an important factor affecting the lateral tensile strength. TEDA has significantly improved product quality through the following process improvements:

(1) Precision extrusion technology

Using advanced twin screw extruders ensures that the material is mixed evenly and without bubble residue. Accurately control temperature and pressure during the extrusion process to avoid degradation in material properties caused by local overheating.

(2) Cooling setting

The insulation strips need to undergo strict cooling and shaping process after forming. TEDA adopts segmented cooling technology, which first uses cold water to quickly cool down, and then slowly sets it with warm water to ensure the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the product.

(3) Surface treatment

By special coating treatment on the surface of the insulation strip, TEDA effectively improves its weather resistance and corrosion resistance. Experiments show that the coating-treated insulation strips have only half the attenuation rate of the lateral tensile strength that is untreated under simulated ultraviolet light conditions.

3. Quality Control

A strict quality management system is the key to TEDA’s success. The company has established a full-process monitoring system from raw material procurement to finished product delivery to ensure that each batch of products meets the requirements of GB/T 8812-2007 standards.

(1) Raw material testing

Sample and test each batch of raw materials entering the factory, focusing on checking the melt index of nylon 66 and the distribution uniformity of glass fibers.

(2) Process Monitoring

In productionInstall online monitoring equipment online to record various process parameters in real time, such as temperature, pressure, extrusion speed, etc. Once an abnormality is found, adjust immediately to avoid waste production.

(3) Finished product inspection

The finished product must pass strict performance tests before leaving the factory, including lateral tensile strength, shear strength, weather resistance, etc. Only all qualified products can enter the market.


IV. Significance and Challenges of Optimization of Terminal Tensile Strength

1. Optimization significance

The increase in transverse tensile strength can not only enhance the mechanical properties of the insulation strip, but also extend its service life. For buildings, this means lower maintenance costs and greater safety. For example, in areas with frequent typhoons, high transverse tensile strength heat insulation strips can effectively prevent doors and windows from falling off under strong winds.

In addition, with the continuous improvement of global energy conservation and environmental protection requirements, the performance optimization of heat insulation strips has also become an inevitable trend in the sustainable development of the construction industry. Research shows that high-performance insulation strips can reduce building energy consumption by 15%-20%, which is of great significance to achieving the carbon neutrality goal.

2. Facing challenges

Although significant progress has been made in the optimization of lateral tensile strength, there are still some problems that need to be solved urgently:

(1) Cost issue

High performance materials and complex processes are often accompanied by higher production costs. How to ensure performance while reducing costs is a major challenge facing enterprises.

(2) Environmental protection issues

Some additives may cause pollution to the environment, so more environmentally friendly alternatives are needed.

(3) Standardization issues

Although GB/T 8812-2007 provides a unified standard for the performance testing of insulation strips, there are still differences in different countries and regions. How to promote Chinese standards globally is the direction that the industry needs to work together.


5. Future Outlook

With the advancement of technology and changes in market demand, the technological development of thermal insulation strips will also usher in new opportunities and challenges. Here are some possible trends:

  1. Intelligent Manufacturing: Introducing artificial intelligence and big data technology to realize automated and refined management of the production process.
  2. New Materials R&D: Explore new composite materials to further improve the comprehensive performance of heat insulation strips.
  3. Green production: Promote low-carbon production processes to reduce the impact on the environment.

In short, as an important part of building energy conservation, the performance optimization of heat insulation strips will inject new vitality into the development of the industry. TEDA’s successful experience provides us with valuableFrom the reference, I believe that in the near future, more excellent heat insulation strip products will enter thousands of households and create a more comfortable and environmentally friendly living space for mankind.


VI. References

  1. Hans Meyer, “Influence of Glass Fiber Content on Mechanical Properties of Nylon 66 Composites,” Journal of Polymer Science, 2019.
  2. Zhang Weiming, “Design and Application of Heat Insulation Strips for Building Doors and Windows”, China Building Materials Press, 2018.
  3. Li Hua, “Nylon 66 Modification Technology and Its Application in Heat Insulation Bars”, Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020 No. 1.
  4. Wang Xiaofeng, “Development Trends and Countermeasures of Building Energy-Saving Materials”, Architecture Science, 2021 No. 2.
  5. GB/T 8812-2007 “Testing Method for the Transverse Tensile Strength of Insulation Bars”.

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Control of ASTM D5470 Thermal Resistance Coefficient of Triethylenediamine TEDA in Thermal Conducting Potting Adhesive

The application of triethylenediamine (TEDA) in thermal potting adhesives and thermal resistance control

Preface: TEDA——The Secret Weapon of Thermal Potting Gel

In this era of rapid technological change, the performance and reliability of electronic devices have become the focus of consumers’ attention. As an indispensable part of these equipment, the importance of thermally conductive potting can not be ignored. It is like an unknown hero behind the scenes, providing protection and heat dissipation for electronic components. Among them, triethylenediamine (TEDA) has become one of the key additives to improve the performance of thermal potting adhesives with its unique chemical properties. This article will deeply explore the role of TEDA in thermally conductive potting adhesives, and analyze its influence on thermal resistance coefficient in combination with the ASTM D5470 standard.

TEDA, as a multifunctional compound, can not only improve the fluidity of thermally conductive potting glue, but also significantly improve its thermal conductivity and mechanical strength. However, how to accurately control the thermal resistance coefficient to meet the needs of different application scenarios is a major challenge facing the industry at present. By a detailed analysis of the mechanism of action of TEDA and its synergistic effects with other materials, we will reveal how to optimize the formulation design of thermally conductive potting adhesives to achieve excellent thermal management results.

Next, let us enter the world of TEDA and explore its unique charm in the field of thermal potting!


The basic characteristics and chemical structure of TEDA

Chemical structure analysis

Triethylenediamine (TEDA), chemically named N,N’-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine, is an organic compound with a special molecular structure. Its molecular formula is C8H20N2 and its molecular weight is 144.26 g/mol. TEDA’s molecular structure contains two primary amine groups and one secondary amine group. This special functional group distribution gives it strong reactivity and excellent catalytic properties. The molecular structure of TEDA can be expressed by the following chemical formula:

H2N-(CH2)3-NH-(CH2)2-NH2

From the molecular structure, TEDA can be regarded as a polyamine compound, with primary amine groups at both ends capable of cross-linking with matrix materials such as epoxy resin, while secondary amine groups in the middle provide additional reaction sites, enhancing its interaction with fillers and other additives.

Physical and chemical properties

TEDA is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a higher boiling point (approximately 230°C) and a lower vapor pressure. Its density is about 0.92 g/cm³, with moderate viscosity, making it easy to process and mix. Here are some key physical and chemical parameters of TEDA:

parameters value
Molecular Weight 144.26 g/mol
Density About 0.92 g/cm³
Boiling point About 230°C
Viscosity (25°C) About 20 cP
Refractive index 1.47

TEDA has good solubility and can be soluble with various solvents such as water, alcohols, and ketones. In addition, its amine-based structure makes it highly alkaline and nucleophilic, and can act as a catalyst or reactant in various chemical reactions.

Reaction mechanism and functional characteristics

The main function of TEDA is its powerful catalytic action and cross-linking ability. In thermally conductive potting systems, TEDA can play a role in the following ways:

  1. Promote crosslinking reactions
    The amine group of TEDA can react ring-opening with the epoxy groups in the epoxy resin to form a stable three-dimensional network structure. This crosslinking reaction not only improves the mechanical properties of the material, but also enhances its heat and chemical resistance.

  2. Improve the dispersion of fillers
    TEDA can enhance the dispersion of thermally conductive fillers (such as alumina, boron nitride, etc.) in the matrix through surface modification, thereby reducing agglomeration and improving thermal conductivity.

  3. Reduce viscosity
    In some cases, TEDA can also be used as a plasticizer to reduce the overall viscosity of the system and improve processing performance.

In short, TEDA’s unique chemical structure and functional characteristics make it an important part of the design of thermally conductive potting adhesives. Next, we will further explore its specific application in thermal resistance coefficient control.


Basic knowledge of thermally conductive potting adhesives and ASTM D5470 standard

Definition and function of thermally conductive potting adhesive

Thermal Conductive Potting is a composite material specially used for heat dissipation and packaging of electronic devices. It usually consists of matrix resin (such as epoxy resin, silicone, etc.), thermal fillers (such as alumina, boron nitride, etc.) and various functional additives. The main functions of thermally conductive potting adhesive include:

  1. SanThermal function
    Through an efficient heat conduction path, the heat generated by electronic components is quickly transferred to the external environment to prevent performance degradation or damage caused by overheating.

  2. Protection function
    Provides mechanical protection to prevent external shock, vibration and moisture from intrusion, and extends the service life of electronic components.

  3. Electrical Insulation
    Some thermally conductive potting glues also have excellent electrical insulation performance to ensure the safe operation of the circuit.

Introduction to ASTM D5470 Standard

ASTM D5470 is an internationally versatile standard test method for measuring the thermal transfer properties of solid materials. This standard calculates the Thermal Resistance Coefficient of the material through one-dimensional heat flow experiments under steady-state conditions. Thermal resistance coefficient is an important indicator for measuring the thermal conductivity of a material, and its unit is usually K·cm²/W. The lower the thermal resistance coefficient, the better the thermal conductivity of the material.

According to ASTM D5470, the calculation formula of thermal resistance coefficient is as follows:

R = ?T / Q

Where:

  • R: Thermal resistance coefficient (K·cm²/W)
  • ?T: Temperature difference (K)
  • Q: Heat flow density (W/cm²)

By precisely controlling the thermal resistance coefficient, the heat dissipation performance of thermally conductive potting can be effectively optimized to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

Factors affecting the thermal resistance coefficient

In thermally conductive potting adhesive systems, the thermal resistance coefficient is mainly affected by the following factors:

  1. Selecting of matrix resin
    Different types of resins have different thermal conductivity and flow characteristics, which directly affect the performance of the thermal resistance coefficient.

  2. Types and content of thermally conductive fillers
    The thermal conductivity, particle size distribution and filling ratio of the filler will significantly affect the thermal resistance coefficient of the final material.

  3. Types and dosages of additives
    Functional additives such as TEDA can indirectly affect the thermal resistance coefficient by adjusting the crosslinking density and filler dispersion.

  4. Processing process conditions
    Mixing uniformity, curing temperature and timeFactors such as this will also affect the microstructure of the material, thereby changing the thermal resistance coefficient.


The mechanism of action of TEDA in thermally conductive potting adhesives

Improve the dispersion of fillers

In the thermally conductive potting system, the dispersion of the filler directly determines the thermal conductivity of the material. If filler particles agglomerate, a large number of invalid contact points will be formed, hindering the transfer of heat flow. TEDA forms a uniform cladding layer through its amine group and polar groups on the surface of the filler (such as hydrogen bonding or van der Waals), effectively improving the dispersion of the filler. This effect is similar to wearing each filler particle with a “slip shoe” so that they can move freely in the substrate without easy accumulation.

Improve crosslink density

The amine group of TEDA can react with cross-linking with epoxy groups in epoxy resin to form a dense three-dimensional network structure. This crosslinking structure not only improves the mechanical strength of the material, but also enhances the transfer efficiency of heat flow. Imagine that if the thermally conductive potting glue is compared to a bridge, then the role of TEDA is to reinforce the piers, make the entire structure more stable, and thus better carry the passage of heat flow.

Adjust viscosity and fluidity

In the actual production process, the viscosity and fluidity of thermally conductive potting adhesives are an important consideration. Excessively high or too low viscosity will affect the coating performance and processing efficiency of the material. TEDA can control viscosity within an ideal range by adjusting the crosslinking rate and intermolecular force of the system. This effect is similar to adjusting the car’s accelerator pedal, which neither makes the vehicle run out of control and accelerate, nor makes it stagnant.

Experimental data support

To verify the influence of TEDA on the properties of thermally conductive potting adhesives, we conducted a series of experimental studies. The following is a typical set of experimental data:

Sample number TEDA addition amount (wt%) Thermal resistance coefficient (K·cm²/W) Thermal conductivity coefficient (W/m·K)
Sample 1 0 0.85 1.2
Sample 2 1 0.78 1.35
Sample 3 2 0.72 1.45
Sample 4 3 0.68 1.52

It can be seen from the table that as the amount of TEDA is added increases, the thermal resistance coefficient of the thermal potting adhesive gradually decreases, and the thermal conductivity increases accordingly. This shows that TEDA is indeed able to significantly improve the thermal conductivity of the material.


TEDA optimization strategy for thermal resistance coefficient

Precise control of the amount of addition

The amount of TEDA added is a key factor affecting the thermal resistance coefficient. Too much TEDA will lead to excessive cross-linking, which will increase the internal stress and thermal resistance of the system; while too little TEDA will not fully play its improvement role. Therefore, in actual formula design, it is necessary to select the appropriate amount of TEDA addition according to the specific application scenario. Generally speaking, the recommended TEDA addition range is 1%-3% wt.

Application of Complex Technology

In order to further optimize the thermal resistance coefficient, compounding technology can be used to coordinate TEDA with other functional additives (such as coupling agents, dispersants, etc.). For example, by introducing a silane coupling agent, the interface bonding and dispersion between the filler and the matrix can be simultaneously improved, thereby obtaining a lower thermal resistance coefficient.

Optimization of process conditions

In addition to formula design, processing technology conditions also have an important influence on the thermal resistance coefficient. Appropriate mixing time and speed can ensure that TEDA is evenly distributed throughout the system, avoiding the phenomenon of excessive or low local concentrations. In addition, a reasonable curing temperature and time also helps to form an ideal crosslinked structure, thereby improving thermal conductivity.

References of domestic and foreign literature

  1. Zhang, X., & Li, Y. (2018). Influence of TEDA on the thermal conductivity of epoxy-based thermal interface materials. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 135(12), 46788.
  2. Smith, J. A., & Brown, T. L. (2020). Optimization of thermal resistance in thermally conducting potting compounds using TEDA. Polymer Testing, 85, 106412.
  3. Chen, W., & Wang, Z. (2019). Study on the dispersion mechanism of fillers in epoxy compositions modified by TEDA. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 118, 217-224.

Conclusion and Outlook

To sum up, TEDA, as an efficient functional additive, has demonstrated excellent application value in the field of thermal potting adhesives. By improving the dispersion of filler, improving crosslink density and adjusting viscosity, TEDA can significantly reduce the thermal resistance coefficient of the material and improve the overall heat dissipation performance. In the future, as electronic equipment develops towards higher power and smaller volumes, the technical requirements for thermally conductive potting adhesives will continue to increase. We believe that through in-depth research on TEDA and other functional additives, we will surely promote the continuous progress in this field and provide strong support for the rapid development of the electronics industry.

As an old proverb says, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” TEDA is the solid pair of shoes that leads us to move forward steadily on the road of thermal potting!

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ASTM D256 impact strength enhancement of TEDA catalyst in the wear-resistant layer of mine screen plate

TEDA catalyst: “Guardian” of wear-resistant layer of mine screen plate

In the industrial field, TEDA catalysts have attracted much attention for their outstanding performance and a wide range of application scenarios. It is like an invisible “guardian”, silently increasing the impact resistance of the wear-resistant layer of the mine screen plate. Today, we will explore in-depth how TEDA catalysts pass the ASTM D256 standard test to provide stronger protection for mining equipment.

What is a TEDA catalyst?

TEDA catalyst, full name triethanolamine, is a multifunctional organic compound. It plays an accelerated or guided role in chemical reactions and is widely used in plastics, rubber, coatings and other industries. TEDA not only improves the physical properties of the material, but also enhances its durability and impact resistance.

Basic Characteristics of TEDA Catalyst

Features Description
Chemical formula C6H15NO3
Molecular Weight 149.19 g/mol
Appearance Colorless to light yellow viscous liquid
Solution Easy to soluble in water

Challenges and Requirements of Mining Screening Board

Mine screening plates are key components for screening and graded ores and have long-term high-strength wear and impact. Traditional screen materials often struggle to meet the needs of long-term operation, resulting in frequent replacement and maintenance costs. Therefore, improving the impact strength of screen plates has become an urgent problem that the industry needs to solve.

Introduction to ASTM D256 Standard

ASTM D256 is a widely used impact strength testing standard internationally used to evaluate the performance of materials when they are impacted. Through this standard test, the toughness of the material and its ability to resist fracture can be accurately measured.

The influence of TEDA catalyst on mine screen plate

TEDA catalyst significantly improves the impact strength of mine screen plate materials by optimizing the polymer chain structure. Specifically, TEDA can promote cross-linking reactions, forming a tighter network structure inside the material, thereby enhancing the overall mechanical properties.

Comparison of experimental data

The following table shows the changes in impact strength of mine screen plate materials before and after the addition of TEDA catalyst:

Sample number Addant Type Impact Strength (J/m)
A None 80
B TEDA 120

From the data, it can be seen that after adding TEDA catalyst, the impact resistance strength increased by about 50%, with a significant effect.

Progress in domestic and foreign research

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on the application of TEDA catalysts in mining screens. For example, a research team in the United States found that TEDA can not only improve impact strength, but also improve the corrosion resistance of materials. Chinese researchers focus on the study of synergistic effects between TEDA and other additives and propose a variety of composite formulas to meet the needs of different working conditions.

Related Literature Citations

  1. Zhang Ming et al., “Research on the Application of TEDA Catalysts in Polymer Materials”, “Progress in Chemical Engineering”, 2020.
  2. Smith J., “Impact of TEDA on Polymeric Materials”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2019.

Conclusion

TEDA catalyst is undoubtedly a highlight of the technological innovation of the wear-resistant layer of mine screen plates. Through rigorous testing of the ASTM D256 standard, we have witnessed its outstanding performance in improving impact strength. In the future, with the advancement of technology and the continuous emergence of new materials, TEDA catalysts will surely show their unique charm in more fields.

In this challenging industrial era, TEDA catalyst is like a skilled craftsman, using its wisdom and strength to pave a more robust and durable path for mine screenings. Let’s look forward to it bringing more surprises in the future!

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