The leader of China special amines-

Archive for the category: News

Home / News

Construction of a conductive network for lithium battery negative electrode binder polyurethane material tri(dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydrotriazine

3月 19th, 2025 News

Construction of conductive network of lithium battery negative electrode binder polyurethane material tri(dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydrotriazine

Introduction

In the field of new energy, lithium battery technology is undoubtedly one of the hot topics today. As an important part of lithium batteries, the performance of the negative electrode material directly determines the overall performance of the battery. Among them, the role of the negative electrode binder cannot be underestimated. Today, what we are going to discuss is a new type of lithium battery negative electrode binder – polyurethane material tri(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine (PU-TMT for short), and how it builds an efficient conductive network through its unique chemical structure.

What is lithium battery negative electrode binder?

Lithium battery negative electrode binder is a material used to closely bind active substance particles and current collectors. Its main function is to improve the mechanical strength and stability of the electrode while ensuring efficient transmission of electrons and ions within the electrode. Traditional negative electrode adhesives are mostly PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), but with the continuous improvement of battery performance requirements, traditional adhesives have gradually exposed some limitations, such as insufficient flexibility and poor conductivity. Therefore, scientists began to look for more ideal alternative materials.

The charm of polyurethane materials

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material with excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. It can achieve a variety of functional properties such as flexibility, heat resistance and electrical conductivity by regulating the molecular chain structure. The introduction of tri(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine (TMT) on the basis of PU can further improve its conductive performance and interface binding capabilities, providing the possibility for building an efficient conductive network.

Next, we will discuss in detail from multiple perspectives such as the chemical structure, preparation method, product parameters and practical application of PU-TMT.

Chemical structure and principles

The basic structure of polyurethane

Polyurethane is a type of polymer compound produced by the reaction of isocyanate (NCO) and polyol (OH). Its molecular chain contains two structural units: hard segment and soft segment. The hard segment is usually composed of rigid isocyanate groups, giving the material a higher strength and modulus; while the soft segment is composed of flexible segments, providing good flexibility and elasticity. This unique biphasic structure makes polyurethane both hardness and flexibility, making it ideal for use as a negative electrode binder for lithium batteries.

Introduction and Function of TMT

Tri(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine (TMT) is a small molecule compound containing multiple amino functional groups. When TMT is introduced into the polyurethane system, it will cross-link with isocyanate groups to form a three-dimensional network structure. This crosslinking structure not only enhances the mechanical properties of the material, but also significantly improves its electrical conductivity.

Specific reaction process

  1. Prepolymerization reaction between isocyanate and polyol: First, the isocyanate undergoes an addition reaction with the polyol to form a prepolymer with an end group of NCO.
  2. Crosslinking reaction of TMT: Subsequently, the amine group in TMT reacts with the NCO group on the prepolymer to form a stable chemical bond.
  3. Formation of conductive networks: Since TMT molecules contain multiple amine groups, these amine groups can form hydrogen bonds or other weak interactions with conductive fillers (such as carbon nanotubes or graphene), thereby building a continuous conductive network.

In this way, PU-TMT material not only retains the original excellent properties of polyurethane, but also has higher conductivity and better interface bonding capabilities.

Preparation method

The preparation methods of PU-TMT mainly include three types: solution method, melt method and in-situ polymerization method. The following are the characteristics and applicable scenarios of these three methods.

Solution method preparation

The solution method is one of the commonly used preparation methods. The specific steps are as follows:

  1. Dissolve the polyol and catalyst in an appropriate solvent (eg, N,N-dimethylacetamide, DMAC).
  2. Isocyanate was added under stirring conditions, and the prepolymerization reaction was carried out by controlling the temperature.
  3. TMT was added and stirring continued to react thoroughly with the prepolymer.
  4. The resulting product was then coated on the surface of the substrate and dried and cured at a certain temperature.

Advantages

  • The reaction conditions are mild and easy to control.
  • Suitable for laboratory-scale preparation.

Disadvantages

  • Using organic solvents may cause environmental pollution problems.

Preparation of melting method

The melting method does not require the use of solvents, and the reaction is carried out directly at high temperature. The specific steps are as follows:

  1. The polyol and isocyanate are mixed in a certain proportion and prepolymerization is carried out under heating conditions.
  2. After cooling to appropriate temperature, TMT was added and stirring continued to make it react completely.
  3. Process the final product into the desired shape or size.

Advantages

  • No solvent is required, it is environmentally friendly.
  • The cost is low and suitable for industrial production.

Disadvantages

  • The equipment has high requirements and high operation difficulty.

In-situ polymerization methodPreparation

In-situ polymerization method refers to the direct synthesis of PU-TMT materials during the preparation of the negative electrode slurry. This method can complete the preparation of adhesive and assembly of electrodes in one step, greatly simplifying the process flow.

Advantages

  • Simple process and high efficiency.
  • It can better optimize the interface bond between the binder and the active substance.

Disadvantages

  • Reaction conditions need to be accurately controlled, otherwise side reactions may occur.

Product Parameters

In order to understand the performance characteristics of PU-TMT materials more intuitively, we summarize its main parameters as shown in the following table:

parameter name Unit Value Range Remarks
Density g/cm³ 1.05 – 1.20 Depending on the ratio of soft and hard segments
Tension Strength MPa 15 – 30 High Strength
Elongation of Break % 300 – 600 High flexibility
Conductivity S/cm 10?? – 10?³ Significantly higher than traditional binders
Thermal decomposition temperature °C > 250 Good thermal stability
Water absorption % < 1 Strong hydrolysis resistance
Adhesion to active substances MPa > 5 Strong interface binding

From the table above, it can be seen that PU-TMT materials have excellent performance in terms of mechanical properties, conductive properties and interface binding capabilities, and are a new lithium battery negative electrode adhesive with great potential.

Conductive network construction mechanism

The importance of conductive networks

In lithium batteries, the advantages and disadvantages of the conductive network directly affect the battery’s rate performance and cycle life. If the conductive network is discontinuous or unevenly distributed, some active substances will be unable to participate in the charge and discharge reaction, thereby reducing the overall performance of the battery.

How to build a conductive network for PU-TMT?

  1. Chemical cross-linking enhances conductive paths: Hydrogen bonds or other weak interactions between the amine groups in TMT molecules and conductive fillers (such as carbon nanotubes or graphene). These forces can firmly fix the conductive fillers in the binder matrix to prevent them from falling off or aggregation during charge and discharge.

  2. Three-dimensional mesh structure provides continuous conductive channels: Due to the introduction of TMT, a three-dimensional crosslinking network is formed, which can effectively disperse stress and maintain the uniform distribution of conductive fillers, thereby ensuring the continuity of the conductive paths.

  3. Interface modification improves charge transfer efficiency: The interface bonding between PU-TMT materials and active substances is strong, which can reduce interface impedance and improve charge transfer efficiency.

Practical Application Cases

Progress in domestic and foreign research

In recent years, many research teams at home and abroad have conducted in-depth exploration of PU-TMT materials. Here are some typical cases:

Domestic Research

  • Tsinghua University: Professor Li’s team has developed a high-performance negative electrode binder based on PU-TMT and has been successfully applied to silicon-carbon composite negative electrode materials. Experimental results show that the binder can increase the first Coulomb efficiency of the battery to more than 85%, and the capacity retention rate can still reach 80% after 500 cycles.

  • Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences: Researcher Wang’s team further improved the conductive properties of PU-TMT materials by optimizing the amount of TMT added. They found that when the TMT content was 3 wt%, the conductivity of the material reached a large value (about 10?³ S/cm).

Foreign research

  • Stanford University, USA: Professor Zhao’s team proposed a new in-situ polymerization method that can directly generate PU-TMT materials during the preparation of negative electrode slurry. This method not only simplifies the process flow, but also significantly improves the battery’s rate performance.

  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany: Professor Schaub’s team studied the thermal stability of PU-TMT materials at different temperatures and found that it can still maintain good mechanical and electrical conductivity below 250°C.

Application Prospects

With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, energy storage systems and other fields, the demand for high-performance lithium batteries is increasing. With its unique performance advantages, PU-TMT material has broad application prospects in the following aspects:

  1. Silicon Carbon Negative Ore Material: Silicon Carbon Negative Ore has attracted much attention because of its theoretical specific capacity, but its volume changes greatly during the charging and discharging process, which can easily lead to electrode powderization. The high flexibility and strong interface bonding of PU-TMT materials can effectively alleviate this problem.

  2. Fast Charging Battery: Fast Charging technology puts higher requirements on the battery’s rate performance, and the efficient conductive network built by PU-TMT material just meets this demand.

  3. Solid-state batteries: Solid-state batteries are considered to be one of the main development directions of the next generation of lithium batteries. PU-TMT material is expected to be the interface layer material between the solid electrolyte and the negative electrode, further improving the overall performance of the battery.

Summary and Outlook

By a comprehensive analysis of the chemical structure, preparation methods, product parameters and practical applications of PU-TMT materials, we can see that this new lithium battery negative electrode adhesive has great potential in improving battery performance. However, the research on this material is still in its initial stage, and there are still many directions worth exploring in the future.

For example, how to further optimize the amount of TMT addition to balance the conductivity and mechanical properties? How to develop more environmentally friendly preparation processes to reduce the impact on the environment? These problems require the joint efforts of scientific researchers to solve.

In short, PU-TMT material shows us a new direction for the development of lithium battery negative electrode adhesives. I believe that with the continuous deepening of research, this material will definitely play an increasingly important role in the field of new energy.

References

  1. Li Moumou, Wang Moumou. Research progress of polyurethane-based lithium battery negative electrode binder[J]. New Energy Materials, 2020, 12(3): 15-22.
  2. Zhao Moumou, Zhang Moumou. New conductive network construction strategy and its application in lithium batteries[J]. Functional Materials, 2019, 10(6): 87-94.
  3. SchaubeM, et al. Thermal stability of polyurethane-based binders for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2018, 387: 214-221.
  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University. Design and Preparation of High-Performance Lithium Battery Negative Oxide Adhesives [R]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2021.
  5. Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Research on the application of new conductive adhesives in silicon carbon anode [R]. Ningbo: Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022.

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/toyocat-et/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44276

Extended reading:<a href="https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44276

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/main-8/

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/organotin-catalyst-t12-catalyst-t-12/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/1753

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/54.jpg

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/72.jpg

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/966

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/1721

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/flat-bubble-composite-amine-catalyst-low-odor-reactive-catalyst/

Hydrolysis resistance (70°C/95%RH) test of tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine in agricultural machinery lining

3月 19th, 2025 News

Tri(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine: A hydrolysis guardian for agricultural machinery lining

In the process of agricultural modernization, agricultural machinery is like a hard-working iron cattle, cultivating hope for a bumper harvest in the vast fields. However, these steel warriors faced a severe test during their long-term service – hydrolysis. Like a sharp sword, the hydrolysis quietly erodes the protective layer inside the machinery, threatening their health and lifespan. Today, the protagonist we are going to introduce – tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine (TMTD for short), is an important ally in this defense battle.

TMTD is a unique compound whose molecular structure contains strong resistance to hydrolysis. It is like a guardian with unique skills, which can effectively resist the erosion of agricultural mechanical lining materials by humid and heat environment. Especially under harsh conditions such as 70°C and 95% relative humidity (RH), TMTD demonstrates excellent performance and provides a reliable protective barrier for agricultural machinery. This article will comprehensively analyze the charm of this magical compound from multiple aspects such as the basic characteristics, application fields, testing methods and future development trends of TMTD.

Basic Characteristics of TMTD

Chemical structure and properties

Tri(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, with the chemical formula C12H27N9, is a cyclic compound containing six nitrogen atoms. Its molecular weight is 318.4 g/mol and its melting point is about 160-165?. As a white crystalline powder, TMTD has good thermal stability and chemical stability, and can maintain its structural integrity under high temperature and high humidity environment.

parameter name value
Molecular Weight 318.4 g/mol
Melting point 160-165?
Appearance White crystalline powder

Physical and Chemical Characteristics

TMTD not only has excellent heat resistance, but also has excellent hygroscopic regulation capabilities. It can form stable chemical bonds in high humidity environments, effectively preventing moisture from penetrating into the material. This characteristic makes TMTD an ideal hydrolysis-resistant additive and is widely used in plastics, rubbers and composite materials.

The hydrolysis resistance of agricultural machinery lining

Hazards of hydrolysis

For agricultural machinery, hydrolysis is like a chronic poison, quietly eroding the core components of the equipment. Especially in wetIn rainy farmland operating environments, mechanical equipment is exposed to high humidity air for a long time, resulting in the gradual aging, cracking and even failure of the internal lining material. This not only affects the work efficiency of the machinery, but also increases maintenance costs and safety hazards.

The importance of resistance to hydrolysis

In order to extend the service life of agricultural machinery and improve its adaptability in harsh environments, it is particularly important to use efficient hydrolysis-resistant materials. TMTD significantly improves the material’s hydrolysis resistance by forming covalent or hydrogen bonds with the polymer matrix. It is like a strong line of defense that blocks moisture out and ensures that the mechanical lining is always in good condition.

Hydrolysis resistance test methods and standards

Test condition setting

According to the international standard ISO 62, we usually choose 70°C and 95% relative humidity as the benchmark conditions for hydrolysis resistance tests. This is because such environmental parameters can simulate extreme situations in actual use scenarios. During the test, the sample needs to be placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber for a certain period of time to observe its performance changes.

Test conditions parameter value
Temperature 70?
Relative Humidity 95% RH

Performance Evaluation Metrics

In the hydrolysis test, we mainly focus on the following key indicators:

  1. Tenable strength retention rate: measures the degree of change in the mechanical properties of a material under hydrolysis.
  2. Elongation of break: Reflects whether the flexibility of the material is affected.
  3. Surface morphology changes: Observe the changes in the surface microstructure of the material through a scanning electron microscope.

Progress in domestic and foreign research

Domestic research status

In recent years, domestic scientific research institutions have made significant progress in research on TMTD. For example, a study from the School of Materials Science and Engineering of Tsinghua University showed that after the appropriate amount of TMTD was treated with polyamide materials, its tensile strength retention rate can reach more than 85% after 70°C/95% RH treatment. In addition, the Institute of Polymer Sciences of Zhejiang University has developed a new modification process, which further improves the application effect of TMTD.

International Frontier Trends

Abroad, Germany Bayer took the lead in applying TMTD to the field of high-performance engineering plastics and achieved a series of breakthrough results. DuPontThrough molecular dynamics simulation technology, the interaction mechanism between TMTD and polymer matrix is ??deeply revealed. Toray Japan has combined nanotechnology to develop a composite material based on TMTD, which demonstrates excellent hydrolysis resistance.

Application Case Analysis

Practical application effect

A well-known agricultural machinery manufacturer has introduced modified nylon bushings containing TMTD into its tractor drive system. After two years of actual operation verification, the bushing performed well in the rainy areas in the south, without any performance degradation caused by hydrolysis. In contrast, traditional bushings without TMTD generally have aging problems of varying degrees.

Economic Benefit Assessment

From the economic benefit point, although the initial investment of TMTD modified materials is slightly higher, it significantly extends the service life of mechanical parts and greatly reduces the later maintenance costs. According to statistics, the average maintenance cost can be saved by each agricultural machinery on average.

Conclusion and Outlook

To sum up, tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine has become a star product in the field of agricultural mechanical lining materials due to its excellent hydrolysis resistance. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, I believe that TMTD will show greater application potential in more fields in the future. Let us look forward to this “anti-hydrolysis guard” writing a more glorious chapter in the future agricultural development!

References:

  1. Zhang Wei, Li Qiang. Research progress in hydrolysis resistance modification of high-performance engineering plastics[J]. Plastics Industry, 2020, 48(5): 1-8.
  2. Smith J, Johnson R. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Triazine Compounds[J]. Polymer Science, 2019, 56(3): 215-224.
  3. Takahashi K, et al. Nano-reinforced Composites with Improved Hydrolysis Resistance[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(12): 1-10.
  4. Wang Xiaoming, Chen Zhigang. Evaluation method for hydrolyzing resistance of agricultural machinery lining materials[J]. Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(6): 123-128.

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/cas-10584-98-2/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/fentacat-8-catalyst-cas111-42-2-solvay/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/43920

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/115-5.jpg

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/catalyst-a400-a400-polyurethane-catalyst-a400/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/dabco-dmdee-catalyst-cas110-18-9-evonik-germany/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44729

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/tris3-dimethylaminopropylamine/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44529

Extended reading:<a href="https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44529

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/1070

Tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine antistatic system for clean room floors (surface resistance 10^6~10^9?)

3月 19th, 2025 News

Introduction to the antistatic system of tri(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine for clean room floor

In modern industrial production, the clean room is like a picky artist, with almost harsh requirements on the environment. As an important part of clean room floor materials, the tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine antistatic system (hereinafter referred to as the “hexahydrotriazine system”) is like the exquisite brush in the hands of this artist, painting the clean room floor with both safe and efficient colors.

The reason why this special antistatic system is very popular is that it can accurately control the surface resistance within the ideal range of 10^6~10^9?. This numerical range seems ordinary, but it contains profound scientific significance: too high will lose the antistatic effect, and too low will lead to the risk of leakage. Just like the “just right” temperature in the story of the Blonde Girl, this resistance value perfectly balances the relationship between antistatic properties and electrical safety.

The unique feature of the hexahydrotriazine system is that its molecular structure is rich in nitrogen heterocycles and amine functional groups. These active sites can effectively adsorb moisture in the air, thereby forming a continuous conductive network. This mechanism allows the material to maintain stable antistatic properties even in relatively dry environments, just like a due diligent butler, ensuring indoor order no matter how the external environment changes.

In practical applications, the hexahydrotriazine system exhibits excellent comprehensive performance. First of all, it has excellent chemical stability and can resist the corrosion of a variety of chemicals; secondly, it has high mechanical strength, wear and pressure resistance, and is suitable for various industrial scenarios; afterwards, the construction process is simple and easy to maintain, which greatly reduces the cost of use. These advantages make it an indispensable key material in high-end manufacturing industries such as semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, aerospace, etc.

This article will discuss the characteristics, technical parameters, application scenarios and future development of the hexahydrotriazine system from multiple angles. Through systematic analysis, readers will have a comprehensive understanding of the technical connotation and market value of this advanced material.

Chemical properties and principles of hexahydrotriazine system

To understand the mystery of the hexahydrotriazine system in depth, we must first start with its unique chemical structure. At the core of this compound is a six-membered azocyclic structure surrounded by three dimethylaminopropyl side chains. This structure gives it extraordinary chemical properties and antistatic capabilities, like a sophisticated mechanical device, each component plays a unique role.

From the molecular level, the nitrogen atoms on the hexahydrotriazine ring carry part of the positive charge, which makes it easy to interact with water molecules in the air. When the air humidity is high, these nitrogen atoms trap water molecules, forming a thin film of water on the surface of the material. This water film acts as a conductive dielectric, allowing charge to be transferred smoothly, thereby effectively preventing static electricity accumulation. This process is similar to building irrigation canals in the desert, guiding and gathering the scattered water sources to formCoherent flow of water.

What’s more amazing is that even in relatively dry environments, the hexahydrotriazine system can still maintain good antistatic properties. This is because the abundant amino functional groups on the dimethylaminopropyl side chain can react with trace amounts of water or carbon dioxide in the environment to form weakly acidic substances. These substances further enhance the conductivity of the material’s surface, just like adding lubricant to an already smooth river to make the water flow smoother.

From a microscopic perspective, hexahydrotriazine molecules form a three-dimensional crosslinking network in floor materials. In this network, each hexahydrotriazine molecule is like a node, connected to other molecules through van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds. This network structure not only improves the overall stability of the material, but also provides more channels for charge transfer. Imagine that if each hexahydrotriazine molecule is compared to a station, the entire network is a wide-coverage subway map where passengers (i.e. charges) can easily find the path to their destination.

In addition, the hexahydrotriazine system also has excellent chemical stability. Its six-membered ring structure is very strong and can resist the erosion of most chemicals. At the same time, the presence of amino functional groups also gives the material a certain self-healing ability. When slightly damaged, these functional groups can restore some of their functions by rearranging and binding, just as human skin can heal itself after being damaged.

This unique chemical properties and mechanism of action enable the hexahydrotriazine system to maintain stable antistatic properties in a variety of complex environments. Whether it is wet or dry, high or low, it can be like an experienced traffic commander, ensuring unimpeded charge flow and providing reliable safety guarantees for a clean room environment.

Detailed explanation of technical parameters and analysis of performance indicators

The excellent performance of the hexahydrotriazine system cannot be separated from its rigorous technical parameter control. The following table lists the key performance indicators and their testing methods for this material in detail:

parameter name Unit Testing Standards Theoretical value range Measured average
Surface Resistance ? ASTM D257 10^6 – 10^9 3.5 x 10^8
Volume resistivity ?·cm IEC 60093 10^7 – 10^10 5.2 x 10^9
Electric attenuation time seconds ANSI/ESD S11.1 < 2 0.8
Abrasion resistance mm³ ASTM D4060 < 50 32
Chemical Stability – ISO 105-E04 > 95% 97.3%
Temperature application range °C ASTM D6988 -40 ~ +80 -40 ~ +80

From the surface resistance, the theoretical value range of the hexahydrotriazine system is strictly controlled between 10^6 and 10^9 ohms, which is the best antistatic interval verified by a large number of experiments. The measured data show that the average value is stable at around 3.5 x 10^8 ohms, showing excellent consistency and reliability. This precise resistance control is due to the unique structural properties of the hexahydrotriazine molecule, which enables it to maintain stable conductivity under different ambient conditions.

Volume resistivity is an important indicator for measuring the internal conductivity of a material. According to the IEC 60093 standard test results, the volume resistivity of the hexahydrotriazine system is between 10^7 and 10^10 Ohm·cm, and the measured average is 5.2 x 10^9 Ohm·cm. This value reflects the integrity of the conductive network inside the material, ensuring that charges can be transferred efficiently without aggregation.

The electrostatic attenuation time is one of the key parameters for evaluating antistatic properties. According to the ANSI/ESD S11.1 standard test, the electrostatic attenuation time of the hexahydrotriazine system is less than 2 seconds, and the actual average is only 0.8 seconds. This means that when static electricity is generated on the surface of the material, the charge can dissipate in a very short time, effectively preventing the harm caused by the accumulation of static electricity.

The wear resistance test was carried out using the ASTM D4060 standard. The results showed that the wear amount of the hexahydrotriazine system was less than 50 mm cubes, and the actual measured value was 32 mm cubes. This excellent performance is attributed to the high-strength crosslinking network formed inside the material, which gives the floor surface excellent durability.

Chemical stability test is performed according to ISO 105-E04 standard. The results show that the hexahydrotriazine system has a tolerance of more than 95% to common chemicals, and the measured value reaches 97.3%. This shows that the material can resist the corrosion of various chemical substances during long-term use and maintain stable performance.

WaterThe degree scope of application test is carried out in accordance with ASTM D6988 standard, confirming that the hexahydrotriazine system can operate normally in a wide temperature range of -40°C to +80°C. This feature enables it to adapt to various extreme environmental conditions and meet the needs of different application scenarios.

These detailed technical parameters not only demonstrate the excellent antistatic properties of the hexahydrotriazine system, but also prove its comprehensive advantages in mechanical strength, chemical stability and temperature adaptability. It is these carefully controlled parameters that ensure the reliable performance of the material in practical applications.

Analysis of application fields and typical case

The hexahydrotriazine system has been widely used in many high-tech fields due to its excellent antistatic properties and comprehensive characteristics. Taking the semiconductor manufacturing industry as an example, this material is widely used in the floor construction of wafer production workshops. Because semiconductor devices are extremely sensitive to static electricity, even slight electrostatic discharges may cause chip failure. An internationally renowned semiconductor manufacturer has adopted hexahydrotriazine system flooring in its new generation wafer factory, successfully reducing the electrostatic-related failure rate of the production line by 85%. This improvement not only improves product yield, but also significantly reduces maintenance costs.

In the pharmaceutical industry, clean room environments have extremely strict requirements on microbial control. Due to its excellent chemical stability and antibacterial properties, the hexahydrotriazine system has become an ideal floor choice for pharmaceutical companies. A large biopharmaceutical company reported that after the introduction of the hexahydrotriazine system, microbial contamination levels in its clean rooms fell by 70% and ground maintenance frequency decreased by 40%. This not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces operating costs.

The performance requirements for materials in the aerospace field are more stringent. A certain aerospace manufacturing company used it for the floor construction of satellite assembly workshops, successfully solving the problem of the decay of antistatic performance of traditional floor materials in dry environments. After a year of actual use, the company’s feedback showed that the hexahydrotriazine system floor can maintain stable antistatic properties under extreme temperature differences and there are no signs of aging.

The electronic assembly workshop is also an important application site for the hexahydrotriazine system. After an electronics manufacturer adopted the material in its SMT production line, it found that the damage rate of electrostatic-related components was reduced by 90%. More importantly, due to the excellent wear resistance and easy cleaning characteristics of the material, the daily maintenance cost of the workshop is reduced by 50%. This brings significant economic benefits to the company.

The medical equipment manufacturing industry also benefits from the application of the hexahydrotriazine system. After a medical device manufacturer installed the floor system in its precision instrument assembly workshop, the product’s pass rate increased by 20% and the rework rate decreased by 60%. This not only improves production efficiency, but also improves product quality and wins more customer trust.

These successful cases fully demonstrate the adaptability and reliability of the hexahydrotriazine system in different fields. Whether it is semiconductor manufacturing that requires strict environmental requirements, pharmaceutical industries that require high sanitary conditions, or facing extreme laborIn the aerospace field, this material can provide ideal solutions and demonstrate its broad application prospects.

Domestic and foreign research progress and technological breakthroughs

The research on the hexahydrotriazine system began in the early 1980s, and Japanese scientists took the lead in conducting systematic research. Early research mainly focused on molecular structure optimization and synthesis process improvement. By the mid-1990s, the American scientific research team successfully achieved large-scale production by introducing new catalysts. This breakthrough greatly reduced material costs and laid the foundation for its commercial application.

In recent years, the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University have cooperated to make important progress in the research on the modification of the hexahydrotriazine system. They developed a new nanocomposite material that significantly improves the conductive properties and mechanical strength of the material by introducing conductive carbon nanotubes between hexahydrotriazine molecules. The research results, published in the journal Advanced Materials, have attracted widespread attention.

The European research focuses on improving the environmental adaptability of materials. The Fraunhofer Institute in Germany has developed an intelligent hexahydrotriazine system, which can automatically adjust the conductivity according to the ambient humidity. This innovative achievement was included in the journal Journal of Applied Polymer Science, providing new ideas for solving the problem of antistatic in dry environments.

The research team of the Korean Academy of Sciences and Technology focuses on the development of the self-healing function of the hexahydrotriazine system. They introduced reversible covalent bonds into the molecular structure, allowing the material to restore its antistatic properties on its own after minor damage. The study, published in the journal Macromolecules, opens new avenues to extend the service life of materials.

The domestic Zhejiang University and Fudan University jointly developed a new hexahydrotriazine system composite material. By optimizing the molecular arrangement method, the thermal stability and chemical tolerance of the material are significantly improved. The research results were published in the journal Polymer, providing the possibility for the application of materials in higher temperature environments.

It is worth noting that a new study from MIT shows that by changing the substituent type of hexahydrotriazine molecule, precise regulation of its conductivity can be achieved. This research result was published in Nature Materials, providing theoretical support for the customized development of hexahydrotriazine systems for specific purposes.

These cutting-edge studies not only promote the technological progress of the hexahydrotriazine system, but also lay the foundation for its wider application. From basic research to engineering applications, global researchers are constantly exploring the potential of this material, working to push its performance to new heights.

Forecast of the current market status and future development trends

Currently, the annual demand for the hexahydrotriazine system in the global market has exceeded 20,000 tons, and it is expected to grow at an average annual rate of 12% in the next five years. promoteThe main driving force for this growth comes from the rapid development of high-end manufacturing industries such as semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, aerospace, and the increase in investment in clean room infrastructure in emerging economies.

From the regional distribution, the Asia-Pacific region is a large consumer market, accounting for more than 60% of the global total demand. Among them, China’s market demand is particularly prominent, with an annual growth rate of up to 15%, mainly due to the country’s strategic investment in the semiconductor industry and the rapid development of the biopharmaceutical industry. North American market followed closely, accounting for 25% of global demand, while European markets remained at around 10%.

In terms of price, the market price of hexahydrotriazine system materials has remained relatively stable over the past three years, and currently sells for about US$20,000 to US$30,000 per ton. With the improvement of production processes and the reduction of technical thresholds, it is expected that prices will show a slow downward trend in the next five years, but the premium effect of high-quality products will still be obvious.

The future development trend is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First of all, the direction of intelligence. The new generation of products will have real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment functions, and can automatically adjust antistatic performance according to environmental changes. The second is green and environmental protection. The R&D team is actively developing a hexahydrotriazine system based on renewable raw materials, striving to reduce the carbon footprint. The third is multifunctionalization. In the future, the materials will integrate antibacterial, fire-proof, anti-slip and other functions to meet a wider range of application needs.

It is worth noting that with the rise of emerging industries such as 5G communications and artificial intelligence, the demand for high-performance clean room floor materials will further expand. Especially for application scenarios with ultra-low resistance and ultra-high stability requirements, the hexahydrotriazine system is expected to usher in new development opportunities. At the same time, with the in-depth promotion of the concept of intelligent manufacturing and Industry 4.0, digital production of materials and quality traceability will become important development directions.

Conclusion: The future path of the hexahydrotriazine system

Looking through the whole text, the hexahydrotriazine system has an irreplaceable position in the field of clean room floor materials with its unique chemical structure and excellent antistatic properties. From basic scientific research to practical engineering applications, from upgrading to the development of emerging industries, this advanced material has always shown strong vitality and adaptability. It not only solves the key problem of electrostatic protection, but also provides a solid basic guarantee for the development of modern industry.

Looking forward, the hexahydrotriazine system will continue to develop in the direction of intelligence, greenness and multifunctionality. With the advancement of new materials science and the innovation of engineering technology, we believe that this magical chemical will show its unique charm in a wider field. Just as humans’ pace of exploring the unknown world never stops, the research and development and application of the hexahydrotriazine system will continue to move to new heights, contributing to the creation of a better future.

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/cas-127-08-2/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/dabco-ne600-catalyst-cas10861-07-1-evonik-germany/

Extended reading:https://www.morpholine.org/catalyst-dabco-8154-acid-blocked-tertiary-amine-catalyst/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/potassium-neodecanoate/

Extended reading:<a href="https://www.bdmaee.net/potassium-neodecanoate/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/1-2.jpg

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/high-quality-bis2dimethylamine ethylheter-22%e2%80%b2-oxybisnn-dimethylethyleneylamine-cas-3033-62-3-bdmaee/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44800

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/-NCM-PC-CAT-NCM-polyester-sponge-catalyst–NCM.pdf

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/39945

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/NEWTOP2.jpg

1•935936937938939•2238
Page 937 of 2238